OPERATORS &

EXPRESSIONS- Ankita Karia

12 April 2023 1Ankita R Karia

JAVA operators can be classified into a number of related categories as below:-

Arithmetic.

Relational.

Logical.

OPERATORS

+ - * / %

< <= > >= == != &&AND

T && T = T

||OR

F || F= F

!NOT

T = FF = T

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ASSIGNMENT=

• Is used to assign value to variable.e.g.:- a =10•SHORTHAND

a = a + 1Can also be written as

a + = 1a = a / (n+1)

CONDITIONAL? :

exp1 ? exp2 : exp3 e.g.:- x=(a>b)?a:b

DECREMENT - -

• PRE:- First subtracts 1 from operand and then the result is assigned . - - m;

•POST:- First assigns the value to the variable on left and then decrements operand m - -

INCREMENT ++

•PRE:- First subtracts 1 from operand and then the result is assigned . ++m;

•POST:- First assigns the value to the variable on left and then decrements operand m + +

OPERATORS (Contd…)

12 April 2023 3Ankita R Karia

JAVA permits mixing of constants and variables of different

types in an expression, but during evaluation it adheres to

very strict rules of type conversion.

If operands are of different types, the “lower” type is

automatically converted to “higher” type before the operation

proceeds. The result is of higher type.

The final result of an expression is converted to the type of

the variable on the left of the assignment before assigning the

value

TYPE CONVERSIONS IN EXPRESSION

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EXAMPLES ACTION

x= (int) 7.5 7.5 is converted to integer by truncation

a = (int)21.3/(int)4.5 Evaluated as 21/4 and the result would be 5

b = (double) sum/n Division is done in floating point mode

y = (int) (a+b) The result of a+b is converted to integer

y = (int) a+b a is converted to integer and then added to b

p = cost ((double)x) Converts x to double before using it as parameter

USE OF CASTS

12 April 2023 5Ankita R Karia

JAVA supports basic math functions through Math class

defined in the java.lang.package.

The functions should be used as follows:-

Math.function_name();

Example: y = Math.sqrt(x);

MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS

Function name

java.lang.Math

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MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONSFUNCTIONS ACTION

sin(x) Returns the sine of the angle x in radians

cos(x) Returns the cosine of the angle x in radians

tan(x) Returns the tangent of the angle x in radians

asin(x) Returns the angle whose sine is y

atan2(x,y) Returns the angle whose tangent is x/y

pow(x,y) Returns xy

exp(x) Returns ex

log(x) Returns the natural logarithm of x

sqrt(x) Returns square root of x

abs(x) Returns absolute of x

max(a,b) Returns maximum of a and b12 April 2023 7Ankita R Karia

Determine the value of the following

arithmetic expression.

(a=5,b=2,c=1)

1. m = ++a*5;

2. p*=x/y; x=10,y=2,p=2;

3. s/=5; s=5;

4. n=b++-c*2;

EXAMPLES

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12 April 2023 10Ankita R Karia

Determine the value of the following

logical expression. (a=5,b=10,c=-6)

1. a<b && a<c;

2. a<b && a>c;

3. a= = c || b>a;

4. b>15 && c<0 || a>0;

5. (a/2.0==0.0&&b/2.0!=0.0)||c<0.0

EXAMPLES

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12 April 2023 12Ankita R Karia

1. The straight-line method of computing the yearly depreciation of the value of an item is given by

depreciation = Purchase Price – Salvage Value

Years of service

Write a program to determine the salvage value of an item when the purchase price, years of service and Annual depreciation are given

12 April 2023 13Ankita R Karia