Once the Constitution is written it must go to the states for their approval

People will be able to vote for or against the Constitution

FEDERALISM – a system of government in which power is shared between the states and the national government

Two groups begin to develop:

1) FEDERALISTS – want the Constitution to pass as is

2) ANTI-FEDERALISTS – do NOT want the Constitution to pass as is

The Constitution is awesome! I think everyone should rush

out and vote for it!

1) Supported taking some powers from the states and giving them to the national government

2) Wanted to divide powers among the different branches of government

3) Wanted a single person to lead the executive branch

The Constitution is not worth the paper it is printed on! Where is

the Bill of Rights?

1) Wanted the states to keep the most important powers

2) Wanted the legislative branch to have more power than the executive branch

LEGISLATIVE (CONGRESS)

EXECUTIVE (PRESIDENT)

3) Feared a single person in the executive branch might become a king or tyrant

4) Believed a Bill of Rights need to be added to the Constitution to protect people’s rights

Both sides published their viewpoints in newspapers, pamphlets, etc.

THE FEDERALIST PAPERS – a series of essays which supported the Federalists viewpoint (wanted the Constitution to pass)

The Federalists Papers were written by such men as James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay

James Madison John JayAlexander Hamilton

Federalists had an advantage because most newspapers supported their cause

Federalist Highlight

Large Federal Republic (10)

In a federal republic, power is divided vertically between a general (federal) government and state governments. Two levels of government, each supreme in its own sphere, can exercise powers separately and directly on the people.

Federalist Highlight

Republicanism (10)

A republican government is one "in which the scheme of representation takes place." It is based on the consent of the governed because power is delegated to a small number of citizens who are elected by the rest.

Federalist #51

• Defends the Constitution

• Explains why a strong gov’t is necessary– “If men were angels, no government would be

necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary.”

• Defends separation of powers between state and national gov’t

Federalist Highlight

Separation of Powers (51)

Executive: Power to appoint judges, sole power to wage warLegislative: Power to write laws, sole power to declare warJudicial: Sole power to interpret the law and apply it to particular disputes

By June of 1788 a total of 9 states had ratified (passed) the Constitution

9 states were required to officially make it the legal form of government

Two very important states though, Virginia and New York, had not yet passed it and were needed

Two important Virginians, GEORGE MASON and PATRICK HENRY were against the Constitution

George Mason Patrick Henry

Virginia finally passes it once they are convinced it will soon add a Bill of Rights

New York passes it once they hear Virginia had

Rhode Island is the last state to officially ratify it in 1790

BILL OF RIGHTS – the first ten amendments to the Constitution

Insures personal rights to each U.S. citizen

Take a moment and reflect….

• Do the Anti-Federalists care more about protecting individual rights or promoting the common good?

• Do the Federalists care more about protecting individual rights or promoting the common good?

Individual Rights

• The Anti-Federalists Anti-Federalists were more concerned with protecting the rights of the individual people and states, then promoting the pubic good as a whole.

Common Good

• The Federalists were more concerned with promoting the common good of everyone then protecting individual rights

Quote Throw down!

• You will be shown a quote and you must decide WHO SAID THIS?– The Anti-Federalists or the Federalists

• You will work in groups, and write the answer on your white board

• Do not show other groups.• You will reveal your answer on the count of

three.

• “All communities divide themselves into the few and the many. The first are the rich and well born; the other, the mass of people…. The people are turbulent and changing; they seldom judge or determine right. Give therefore the first class a ….permanent share in the government….they therefore will ever maintain good government.”

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote #1:

Quote #1

• Who said it?

• FEDERALISTS

Quote #2:

• “It must be by this time evident to all men…that (the Articles of Confederation) is a system so radically vicious and unsound as to admit….an entire change.”

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote #2

• Who said it?

• FEDERALISTS

Quote #3:

• “Our country is too large to have all affairs directed by a single government.”

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote #3

• Who said it?

• ANTI-FEDERALISTS

Quote #3:

• “The small landowners are the most precious part of the state.”

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote #3

• Who said it?

• ANTI-FEDERALISTS

Quote #4:

• “I consider the foundation of the Constitution as laid on this ground – that all powers not delegate (given) to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states, or to the people….”

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote # 4

• Who said it?

• ANTI-FEDERALIST

Quote #5:

• “The powers contained in the constitution….ought to be construed liberally in advancement of the public good.”

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote # 5

• Who said it?

• FEDERALISTS

Quote #6:

• “I am not among those who fear the people. They, not the rich, are our dependence for continued freedom.”

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote #6

• Who said it?

• ANTI-FEDERALISTS

Quote #7:

• "I had rather be a free citizen of the small republic of Massachusetts, than an oppressed subject of the great American empire."

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote #7

• Who said it?

• ANTI-FEDERALISTS

Quote #8:

• "I had rather be a free citizen of the small republic of Massachusetts, than an oppressed subject of the great American empire."

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote #8:

• “Among the numerous advantages promised by a well-constructed Union, none deserves to be more accurately developed than its tendency to break and control the violence of faction.”

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote #9

• Who said it?

• FEDERALISTS

Quote #10:

• “An elective [monarchy] was not the government we fought for; but one in which the powers of government should be so divided and balanced among the several bodies of magistracy as that no one could transcend their legal limits without being effectually checked and restrained by the others.”

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote # 10

• Who said it?

• FEDERALISTS

Quote #11:

• “When the government fears the people, there is liberty. When the people fear the government, there is tyranny.

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote #11

• Who said it?

• ANTI-FEDERALISTS

Quote #12:

• “… the power vested in congress of sending troops for suppressing insurrections will always enable them to stifle the first struggles of freedom."

• Who said it? _______________________

Quote #12

• Who said it?

• ANTI-FEDERALISTS