OBSTACLE RESTRICTION AND REMOVAL

ICAO ANNEX-14 VOL-I

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AIM

To define the airspace around aerodromes to be maintained free of obstacles so as to permit safe aerodrome operations and to prevent the growth of obstacles around aerodromes

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SEQUENCE

DefinitionsAerodrome Reference CodePrecision Approach RunwayNon-Precision Approach RunwayApproach Surface Take-off Surface Balked Landing Surface Transition SurfaceObstruction Limitation Surfaces

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DEFINITIONS

Runway stripA defined area including the runway and stopway, if provided, intended:

a)to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway; and

b)to protect aircraft flying over it during take-off or landing operations.

4

DEFINITIONS

Runway end safety area (RESA)

An area symmetrical about the extended runway centre line and adjacent to the end of the strip primarily intended to reduce the risk of damage to an aeroplane undershooting or overrunning the runway

5

DEFINITIONS

Obstacle free zone (OFZ)

The airspace above the inner approach surface, inner transitional surfaces, and balked landing surface and that portion of the strip bounded by these surfaces, which is not penetrated by any fixed obstacle other than a low-mass and frangibly mounted one required for air navigation purposes

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DEFINITIONS

Balked landing

A landing manoeuvre that is unexpectedly discontinued at any point below the obstacle clearance altitude/height (OCA/H).

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DEFINITIONS

Aeroplane reference field lengthThe minimum field length required for take-off

at maximum certificated take-off mass, sea level, standard atmospheric conditions, still air and zero runway slope, as shown in the appropriate aeroplane flight manual prescribed by the certificating authority or equivalent data from the aeroplane manufacturer. Field length means balanced field length for aeroplanes, if applicable, or take-off distance in other cases.

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AERODROME REFERENCE CODE9

CODE ELEMENT 1 CODE ELEMENT 2Code

No(1)

Aeroplane reference field length

(2)

Codeletter(3)

Wing span

(4)

Outer main gearwheel span

(5)

1 Less than 800 m A

Up to but notincluding 15 m

Up to but notincluding 4.5 m

B15 m up to but notincluding 24 m

4.5 m up to notincluding 6 m

2800 m up to but not including 1 200 m C

24 m up to but not Including 36 m

6 m up to notincluding 9 m

D36 m up to but notincluding 52 m

9 m up to notincluding 14 m

31 200 m up to but not including 1800 m

E52 m up to but notincluding 65 m

9 m up to notincluding 14 m

4 1 800 m and over F65 m up to but notIncluding 80 m

14 m up to notIncluding 16 m

OBSTACLE LIMITATION SURFACES

The OLS comprises the following– Transitional surface– Approach surface/ Take-off climb surface– Inner horizontal surface– Conical surface– Outer horizontal surface– Inner approach surface– Inner transitional surface– Balked landing surface;

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PRECISION APPROACH RUNWAY

Following OLS must be established– Outer horizontal surface– Conical surface– Inner horizontal surface– Approach surface– Inner approach surface– Transitional surface– Inner transitional surface– Baulked landing surface– Take-off climb surface

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NON PRECISION RUNWAY

The following OLS must be established for a non-instrument runway and a non-precision instrument runway– Conical surface– Inner horizontal surface– Approach surface– Transitional surface– Take-off climb surface

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APPROACH SURFACE13

APPROACH SURFACE 14

IIIIII 30

60m

450m

1480’

3000m/9840‘

300m

450m’

450m

196’

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2250m

2250m

300m 900m 1980m

3000m 3600m 8400m

15000m

HEIGHT 60m/196’

HEIGHT 150m/492’

6600m/21653’

HEIGHT 150m/492’

APPROACH SURFACE18

INNER APPROACH SURFACE19

INNER APPROACH SURFACE20

INNER APPROACH SURFACE

TAKE OFF CLIMB SURFACE21

TAKE OFF CLIMB SURFACE22

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900m’

900m

300m’

15000m

BALKED LANDING SURFACE24

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BALKED LANDING SURFACE26

TRANSITION SURFACES

The inner transitional surface would be used as the controlling surface for navigational aids, aircraft and vehicle holding positions which have to be located near the runway.

The transitional surface would be used for building height control.

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TRANSITION SURFACES28

TRANSITION SURFACE29

INNER TRANSITION SURFACE30

OBSTACLE LIMITATION SURFACES31

OUTER HORIZONTAL

SURFACE

CONICAL SURFACE

INNER HORIZONTAL SURFACE

OBSTACLE LIMITATION SURFACES32

Note: Guidance on the need to provide an outer horizontal surface and its characteristics is contained in the Airport Services Manual (Doc 9137), Part 6.

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