Post on 30-Dec-2015
The War of 1812
Note: Please use arrows or mouse to move from slide to slide. Thank you and enjoy!Contents of PowerPointThis PowerPoint will cover:Summary of War of 1812Causes of War of 1812Outcomes of War 1812
Prompt answered: What were the major causes of the formation of the Native-American alliance in the old Northwest Territory? And how important was the encroachment by U.S. farmers and pioneers upon Native American lands in the development of this alliance?
CauseEffectImperialism
British and French are at war (1803)
American ships attacked by British and French
U.S. stops all trade
British supply Indians with ammunition to use against settlers
U.S. republicans support war
Countries want to expand their lands for money and power
President Jefferson declares U.S. neutral during British and French conflict
American colonists angered by British attacks on American ships
U.S. merchants financially suffer from halted trade
U.S. opens trade with countries other than Britain and France
Tecumseh and Wm. Henry Harrison battle, and Harrison discovers natives were supplied by their new allies, the British
War breaks out between Americans and British; Americans defeat British
War of 1812War Summary U.S. v. Great Britain
Great Britains allies:Native American Indians British colonists from Canada
June, 1812 - 1815
Location:United StatesCanadaSea
At the time, Great Britain was considered the greatest naval power in the world
Enlightenment ideas contributed to colonists standing up against the British, and the Indians thinking for themselves
Major Battles
Compare and Contrast: Events c. 1800sUnited StatesSameBritishRepublic form of government
Purchases Louisiana Territory in 1803
James Madison president during War of 1812
Declares war on British, 1812Both countries are in debt from American Revolution
Both suffering from financial depressions
Enlightenment influences
Trade issues
Imperialistic ideas
Mixed feelings regarding 1812 conflict
Monarchy form of government
Engaged in war with Napoleon and the French when U.S. declares war on them
Forms alliance with Indians
BreakdownSocial EconomicPoliticalBritish and Indian alliance
Tecumseh unites Indian tribes
Due to lack of communication and notification of treaties negotiated, Jackson unnecessarily attacks New OrleansTrade blockages result in a suffering U.S. economy
American merchants lose money as a result to embargo proposal
British are in debt from funding two wars
U.S. declares war on British
Federalists are against war; republicans support war against British
French Revolution (early 1800s)
Treaties agreed upon by U.S., British and Indians Tecumsehs Significant RoleNative American, Tecumseh, dreamed of a united Indian confederacy that would stop white settlers from taking over their lands
Tecumseh and his brother, the Prophet, unite tribes and prepare for westward movement/invasion from settlers
British supplied Tecumsehs tribe as they fought Americans
Tecumseh died during Commander Perrys victory on Lake Erie
Following his death, Indian tribes weakened and separated
Tecumseh as a young warrior
Conclusion: Tecumsehs enlightenment thinking regarding unity and protection, develop an alliance between Indians and BritishEncroachment Results in AllianceSettlers move westward with hopes of expanding their country and finding new trade goods
Indian tribes are settled in western lands and fear settlers invasions
As settlers continue to move westward, Indians prepare for raids on their lands
British supplied Indians with ammunition and weapons to protect Indian lands from settlers
British also hoped this gesture would be recognized by the Indians and help in building a future alliance
Indians recognize the British as allies, and in-turn, hope the British will continue to support their efforts to keep settlers out of their territories
Wm. Henry Harrison realizes Indians are uniting and sees it as threat, and possibly a potential revolution
Harrison burns Indian lands and understands British weapons were being used by Indians
Conclusion: The threatening western movement, by farmers and pioneers, is the most significant and underlying reasons the British and Indians become alliesBrothers: Since the peace was made, you have killed some of the Shawnees, Winnebagoes, Delawares, and Miamis, and you have taken our land from us; and I do not see how we can remain at peace if you continue to do so. You try to force the red people to do some mischief . You try to keep the tribes apart, and make distinctions among them. You wish to prevent Indians from uniting.
(Appleby, Joyce, Brinkley, & McPherson, 2007, p. 292)The significance of the U.S. farmers and pioneers moving in on Native American lands can be summed up through the following quote:Primary Source: Tecumseh QuoteBritish and Native American AllianceBefore the War of 1812 , Americans began driving Indians out of the Northwest Territory
Old Northwest Territory includes current-day states: Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and Wisconsin
British supplied Natives with weapons to help them hold off invasions from settlers
British hoped this gesture would form an alliance between them and the Indians
Tecumseh, and other Indians, hoped an alliance would help stop the white movement on Indian territories
Natives use weapons supplied by allied BritishOutcome:Winners are unclear; British and Americans gain little from this American Revolution Part IIIndians, however, no longer are protected by British (or French) and U.S. westward expansion kicks offBritish never again fight the Americans Using the Past: How does the past help us make sense of the future?Relationships between Americans and Indians remain weakNeed of A.I.M. movementProtests of offensive Indian mascots, etc..Through their Eyes: What were peoples views during this time period?British: powerful, entitledAmericans: annoyed with wars, nationalism, hopeful for futureIndians: betrayed, mistreated, fearful of the futureChange & Continuity:Changed: Humanitarian rights, equality movements, more democraticSame: Prejudice issues, struggle for power, fighting for peaceThinking Like a HistorianTurning Point- Past Decisions Affecting Future Choices:Madison helps write the Constitution, then upholds it during conflictsU.S. ends American Revolution weak and broke; ends 1812 conflict strong and economically independentnull148747.92