Post on 07-Aug-2018
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
NISSAN
SCRATCH SHIELD
NTC-E [DKN] – Materials Design
Nissan Technical Centre Europe Limited
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
Presentation Contents
1) Introduction
2) Automotive Paint & Nissan Targets
3) Customer Needs
4) Target Performance
5) Approach
6) Verification
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
1) INTRODUCTION
• News release in December 2005
– Nissan Motor Co. LTD develop a “Scratch Guard Coating” with clear paint.
– The worlds first restoring body paint for scratching with nails and running brushes
– Utilizing a special highly elastic resin
• High density mesh like structure
• Flexible, strong with good durability
– Application to SUV models
• X-Trail [2005 SV, 2007 Mass Production]
• Infiniti Brand, 370Z & X-Trail [Japan]
• Infiniti Brand [Europe]
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
1) INTRODUCTION
– Design aim is to allow the film surface to return to
normal following multiple scratch incidence
1. Difficult to be broken at a molecular level
2. Good surface durability both physical and chemical
Key Point!!
• Scratch Shield can not recover following complete surface
film breakage
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
2) Automotive Paint [General Film Structure]
(35μm) Clear coat
<Durability & Appearance>
Colour Coating <Appearance>
Primer <Adhesion,Smoothness>
E-Coat <Anti-corrosion/Adhesion>
(15μm)
(30μm)
(20μm)
≒0.1mm
Body(Steel,Aluminum etc.)
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
2) Automotive Paint [Environmental Load]
Severe environment for 10 yrs in market
1. Climate
• (Sun, Heat, Rain etc…)
2. Natural Atmospheric Deposits
• (Bird Drop, Tree Sap, Pollen etc…)
3. Industrial Atmospheric Deposits
• (Acid Rain, Iron Particulates, Smoke etc…)
4. Human Chemical Deposits
• (Sweat, Cosmetic etc…)
5. Vehicle Fluids
• (Engine Oil, Battery Acid etc…)
6. Mechanical [Non-Scratch]
• (Stone Chip, Minor Accidents etc…)
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
2) Automotive Paint [Environmental Load]
Severe environment for 10 yrs in market
7. Human Physical
• (Nail, Clothes, Luggage etc…)
8. Maintenance [Scratch Related]
• (Car Wash, After Market Products etc…)
9. Delivery & PDI
• (As per 7 & 8)
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
2) Automotive Paint [Clearcoat]
N N
N
N(CH2OR)2
N(CH2OR)2 (CH2OR)2N
N N
N
O
O O
(CH2)6-NCO
(CH2)6-NCO
OCN-(CH2)6
OH
OH
OH
OH
COOR
COOH
OH
OH
+
+
+ + O
O
(140℃) MF
MF
O
O O
O
O-CO-NH
O-CO-NH NH
CO-O
CO-O
NH
CO
COO C - C
O
OH
Acrylic - Melamine type (1K)
Acrylic - Urethane type (2K)
Acrylic acid - Epoxy type (1KN)
(80 - 120℃)
(140℃)
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
2) Automotive Paint [Nissan Clearcoat History]
1970 1980 1990 2000
Clear Coat Adoption
Std 1K
SFC (1KF) Fluoride paint
SFHC (1KNF) New Bridged Fluoride paint
SHC (1KN) New Bridged paint
No Clear coat
SCRATCHSHIELD
TO
DA
Y
Nissan Europe [Std 1K]
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
3) Customer Needs
Target Customer
Selection is the Key. Trend
Sensitive
(20%)
Trend Catch-
up
(60%)
Trend No interest
(20%)
Setters
People with Extraordinary sense
Followers
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
3) Customer Needs & Reasons to Buy
6 of paintコンセプト
の
〔 購買意欲 〕
と
〔 バリュ 〕
を
調査
High-vivid paint Ultra water-repellent paint
Anti- Scratch paint
High-durability Anti-peeling paint
Anti-dirt paint
No need to wipe
after Car wash
Maintaining Gloss
Reduced Mar
New Car Gloss No peeling by
Stone chip
Surface modified
Colour Trends
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
3) Customer Needs & Reasons to Buy
6 of paintコンセプト
の
〔 購買意欲 〕
と
〔 バリュ 〕
を
調査
High-vivid paint Ultra water-repellent paint
Anti-Scratch
High-durability Anti-peeling Anti-dirt paint
No need to wipe Maintaining Gloss
Reduced Mar
New Car Gloss No peeling by
Stone chip
Surface modified
Colour Trends
JPN⑥\20000
US⑥$161
JPN⑤\22000
US④$174
US⑤$169
JPN①\37000
JPN③\31000
US③$197 US②$205
US①$260
JPN④\29000 JPN②\23000
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
3) Customer Survey
☆New Car Questionnaire Customer Comment analyses
(Total10 Models )
Others
24%
Comment on paint
Scratch
Dirt
22%
10% Quality
44%
938 comments
Comment on Scratch
Car wash
54%
25%
During delivery
13%
Minor accident
8% Nail,Bag
209 comments
Customers' biggest interest in terms of scratch performance
13%
Others
61%
paint matters
26%
Comment on car appearance
3638 comments
Positive F/B for paint
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
Presentation Contents
1) Introduction
2) Automotive Paint
3) Customer Needs
4) Target Performance
5) Approach
6) Verification
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
4) Target Performance
Ski boardが倒れて Scratch
Bag Scratch
Dry wipe Scratch
Clothes Scratch
Pressure
[Kgf/mm2]
0.5~
10~ BMPR & BMPR touch Scratch
Door & Door touch Scratch
Nail Scratch
Car wash Scratch
9 Incidence of Scratch
Potential
Bush Scratch
Ski board Scratch
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
4) Target Performance
Customers' biggest interest,
significant impact
&
Quantitative Approach
Ski boardが倒れて Scratch
Bag Scratch
Dry wipe Scratch
Clothes Scratch
BMPR & BMPR touch Scratch
Door & Door touch Scratch
Nail Scratch
Car wash Scratch
Focus on Car Wash
Bush Scratch
Ski board Scratch
Visible Scratch ≒ 0 after 3 Years
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
4) Damages by key scratches
3-Dimensional surface scan after scratch by a key
Hard & Tough “Brittle”
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
5) Approach:- Basic Theory
Simple Softening
Clear coat
Crack /
Peeling
Moderate Hardening
Anti-scratch
Hardening
Softening Climate resistance /
Anti-dirt
Ultra Hardening
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
5) Approach:- Testing & Measurement
• Car Wash Test
• Car Wash Brush Test Equipment
• 150rpm x 10s x 50 Cycles
• JIS Z 8901 Test Dirt #8
• Brightness Measurement
• X-Rite or Minolta
• Observation Angle at 0° and 10° for L*
• Tensile Test Measurement
• AGS-H
• 40mm/min
• Scratch Observation
• JPN Electric : SEM [JSM-5910LV]
• KEYENCE : Ultra Depth Colour 3D Shape measurement microscope [VK-9500]
• Sectional Analysis : Cross section shape measurement system [VertScan]
• Viscous Elasticity Measurement
• SII : Viscous elasticity measurement equipment [DMS 6100]
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
5) Approach : Film Design & Film Property Parameter
Fracture
Elongation
Up !
Torn scratch
Dent scratch
Fracture
strength
Up !
×
●
}
Yield Point
Conv. Clear coat
elongation
str
ess
BMPR
Door
Bush
Nail
Ski board
Dry wipe
Bag
Clothes
Car wash
●
SCRATCH
SHIELD
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
5) Approach : Film Design & System Selection
Property Target
1K 2K
Design concept Acrylic
Melamine Acid Epoxy
Acrylic Urethane
Acrylic Urethane
Fracture strength
UP
Bridged Density UP ○ ○ △
Block agent 不乖離
○
Bridged Structure ×
副反応 ○ ○ ○
Fracture Elongation
UP
Main Resin
New resin adoption
○ ×
合成困難 ○ ○
Sub Chain UP ○ ×
合成困難 ○ ○
Curing New resin adoption
× Ring
structure ○ ○ ○
Others ×
Acid resistance
× Block agent discoloration
○ 鮮映性
Non-Dissociation
Side Reactions
Difficult to synthesize
Distinction
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
5) Approach : Film Design & System Design
Curing agent Curing agent
Curing agent Curing agent Curing agent
Main chain [Bridged]
(3D net structure)
Curing agent
(Isocyanate)
Main chain(Acrylic resin)
Appearance, Climate Resistance
Anti Dirt, Curing Agent
Curing agent [Bridged]
(3D net structure)
Sub chain Scratch Shield Property
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Car Wash Test Result (50 Cycles)
SHC / SFHC SCRATCH SHIELD Conv. Clear coat
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Car wash test Result <Micro Measurement>
Item Definition Conv.
Clear coat
SHC /
SFHC
SCRATCH
SHIELD
Number
of scratch
1視野あたり
平均本数[ - ]
(525um×700um)
146 85 35
Length of
scratch
1視野あたり
平均Big3長さ[um]
(525um×700um)
4165 3877 1891
Width of
scratch
1視野あたり
平均最大幅[um]
(210um×290um)
3.7 2.2 1.2
Area ratio
of scratch
幅×長さ×本数
28 9 1
(Average of scratch width) / (a view of microscope)
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Car wash test Result <Micro Measurement>
Conv. Clear coat (1.1um)
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Car wash test Result <Micro Measurement>
SCRATCHSHIELD (0.07um)
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Tensile property vs. Anti- Scratch performance
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 1 2 3 4 5
Elongation ( Ratio in case of Normal paint = 1)
Car
wash t
est5
0 c
ycle
Brightn
ess c
hange[⊿
L]
SCRATCHSHIELD
Conv. 1K Clear coat
Soft Clear coat
SHC / SFHC
@20℃
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Tensile property vs. Anti- Scratch performance C
ar
wash t
est5
0 c
ycle
Brightn
ess c
hange[⊿
L]
Elongation ( Ratio in case of Normal Clear= 1 )
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
@-20℃
Conv. Clear coat
Soft Clear coat
SHC / SFHC
SCRATCHSHIELD
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Recovery
Surface
situation
Microscope
Photo
Recovery
Image
Hair Line
Scratch Recovery
Dent Scratch
Recovery
Before Restore After Restore
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Recovery [Micro Appearance]
TIME / HEATING CAR WASH DAMAGED
SCRATCH SHIELD
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
Clear
coat
Scratch
type
Conv.
Clear coat
SHC /
SFHC
SCRATCH
SHIELD
(Before
heating) (After
heating)
Dent
scratch
1.5% 24.9% 83.0% 36.1%
Torn
scratch
98.5% 75.1% 17.0% 63.9%
6) Verification Scratch Type from Car Wash
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Tensile property vs. Anti- Scratch performance
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 10 20 30 40 50
Time[Hr]
Scra
tch
Brig
htn
ess c
han
ge
[⊿L]
20℃Heating
40℃Heating
80℃Heating
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Tensile property vs. Anti- Scratch performance
Dynamic Tg (低→)Anti-dirtが低下
tanδmax (大→)粘性変形による Broken beyond repair 力学的エネルギの吸収能が大 Ability to absorb
Bridged density n (大→) FilmのBridged structureが密
Activation Ea (大→) FilmのBridged structureが均一&緻密
y = -31126x + 91.273 R 2 = 0.9853
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.00275 0.0028 0.00285 0.0029
lnF=-Ea/R*1/Tg
(F:Frequency Measurement)
lnF
1/Tg
傾き:Ea
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Tensile property vs. Anti- Scratch performance
開発 Film(2K) 比較 Film(2K) 比較 Film(1K)
Bridged structure の
Image
Dynamic Tg[℃] Mid Low High
tanδmax High High Low
n[mol/cc] High Low Mid
Ea[KJ/mol] High High Low
Scratch Shield
Development Comparison (2K) Comparison (1K)
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Tensile property vs. Anti- Scratch performance
Climate resistance(S-UV)×Car wash cycle Test
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
cycle数 Market 5year相当負荷
Brig
htn
ess [Δ
L]
Scra
tchが目立たない
SpecΔL≦5
SCRATCHSHIELD 1K 1KN
cycles of car wash test
Inconspic
uous o
f scra
tch
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Tensile property vs. Anti- Scratch performance
Ski boardが倒れて Scratch
Bag Scratch
Dry wipe Scratch
Clothes Scratch
BMPR & BMPR touch Scratch
Door & Door touch Scratch
Nail Scratch
Car wash Scratch
9 Incidence of Scratch
Potential
Bush Scratch
Ski board Scratch
SCRATCHSHIELD Conv. Clear coat
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Tensile property vs. Anti- Scratch performance
Distinction (Primary)
0
1
2
3
4
5 Distinction (Aged)
Anti-scratch
Anti-Yellowing/fade
Gloss (Primary)
Gloss (Aged)
Acid resistance Blister resistance
Anti-chipping
Crack resistance
Anti-dirt
Anti-大気降下Property
water-repellent性(Primary)
water-repellent性(Aged)
SFHC
SHC
Conv.
SCRATCH SHIELD
fallen(bird drop,sap,etc)
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
6) Verification Tensile property vs. Anti- Scratch performance
SFHC
SHC
Conv.
SCRATCH SHIELD
Distinction (Primary)
0
1
2
3
4
5 Distinction (Aged)
Anti-scratch
Gloss (Primary)
Gloss (Aged)
Acid resistance Blister resistance
Anti-chipping
Crack resistance
Anti-dirt
Anti-大気降下Property
water-repellent性(Primary)
water-repellent性(Aged)
Anti-Yellowing/fade fallen(bird drop,sap,etc)
S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &
T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012
The End?