NASA's Land Information System as a Testbed for JCSDA Partners and

Investigators

Christa D. Peters-Lidard, Ph.D.Physical Scientist and

Head, Hydrological Sciences BranchNASA/ Goddard Space Flight Center(GSFC), Code 614.3,

Greenbelt, MD 20771Christa.Peters@nasa.gov, 301-614-5811

http://lis.gsfc.nasa.gov

Acknowledgements

LIS was originally funded under NASA ESTO/CT CAN-00-OES-01, with additional support from NASA ESTO/AIST NRA-02-OES-04, and AFWA Award No: NVSHAX05680448

C. D. Peters-Lidard1, P. R. Houser1,2, S. V. Kumar1, Y. Tian1, J. Geiger1, M. Garcia1 , S. Olden1, L. Lighty1, J. L. Eastman1, J. Sheffield3, E. F. Wood3,

P. Dirmeyer4, B. Doty4, J. Adams4, K. Mitchell5, J. Meng5, H. Wei6, J. Eylander7

 

1NASA, Goddard Space Flight CenterHydrological Sciences Branch, Code 614.3, Greenbelt, MD 

2George Mason University, Climate Dynamics Program and Center for Research in Environment and Water

3Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringPrinceton University, Princeton, NJ

4Center for Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies (COLA)Calverton, MD

5NCEP Environmental Modeling CenterNOAA/NWS, Camp Springs, MD

6Air Force Weather AgencyAir & Space Sciences Directorate, Offut AFB, NE

• LIS Background• LIS Uncoupled Benchmarking

– CEOP Sites– NOAA/NCEP– AFWA/AGRMET

• LIS/WRF/GCE Coupled Benchmarking– IHOP

• Ongoing Work and Future Directions

Outline

Topography,Soils

Land Cover, Vegetation Properties

Meteorological Forecasts,

Analyses, and/or Observations

Snow Soil MoistureTemperature

Land Surface Models

Data Assimilation Modules

Soil Moisture &

Temperature

EvaporationSensible Heat

Flux

Runoff

SnowpackProperties

Inputs OutputsPhysics Applications

LIS Background

Weather/Climate

Water Resources

HomelandSecurity

Military Ops

Natural Hazards

NNorth American orth American LDASLDAS1/8 Degree Resolution1/8 Degree ResolutionMitchell et al., JGR, 2004Mitchell et al., JGR, 2004

GGlobal lobal LDASLDAS1/4 Degree Resolution1/4 Degree Resolution

LLandand I Informationnformation S System (http://lis.gsfc.nasa.gov)ystem (http://lis.gsfc.nasa.gov)

Multi-Resolution Ensemble LDASMulti-Resolution Ensemble LDAS

LIS Heritage: NLDAS and GLDASLIS Heritage: NLDAS and GLDAS

Rodell et al., BAMS, 2004Rodell et al., BAMS, 2004

Kumar et al., EMS, 2006Kumar et al., EMS, 2006

25km

5km 1km

The Value of 1km Land Modeling: The Value of 1km Land Modeling: Exploit EOS and NPOESSExploit EOS and NPOESS

CEOP Benchmarking at Reference Sites

• CLM/Noah/Mosaic ensemble energy fluxes• All CEOP reference sites EOP-1 July 1-Sept 30, 2001

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

RMSE (W/m2)

Swnet Lwnet Qle Qh Qg

Energy Fluxes - Ensemble of Land Surface Models

0.25 deg

1km

CEOP BenchmarkingCEOP Benchmarking

CEOP Flux aggregation: Bondville, IL

Initial Benchmarking at NCEPAverage Diurnal Cycles, March 2003

•LIS with experimental mode of GFS on the gaussian horizontal grid of T62•Forcing: NCEP Global Reanalysis II, AGRMET radiation and CMAP precipitation. •30% more efficient in computing time

CONUS Average Europe Average

Sen

sib

le H

eat

Sen

sib

le H

eat

Gro

und

Hea

t

Gro

und

Hea

t

Late

nt H

eat

Late

nt H

eat

Net

Rad

iatio

n

Net

Rad

iatio

n

NCEP Benchmarking with LIS: 25-year T126 Illinois 2-meter Soil Moisture [mm] 1985-2004

Total

Anomaly

Vtype 12

Climatology

Source: Jesse Meng

AFWA/AGRMET Benchmarking

• Benchmark period: 02 December 2005- 28 February, 2006

•Global Intercomparison Dates:

•02 December 2005

•21 December 2005

•20 January 2006

•28 February 2006

•Point Intercomparisons at Sample Locations:

•USA, Washington, DC, 38.85N 77.04W

•Iraq, Baghdad, 33.20N, 44.30E

•Pyongyang, North Korea, 39.03N, 125.78E

•Zimbabwe, Harare, 17.43S, 31.02E

AGRMET-LIS Global IntercomparisonDownward Shortwave (Wm-2)

21 December 2005, 1200UTC

3.1 Global Intercomparison(AGR-LIS): 10cm Soil Moisture

21 December 2005, 2100UTC

AGRMET-LIS Point Intercomparisons: Iraq, Baghdad

AGRMET-LIS Point Intercomparisons: Zimbabwe, Harare

Land Surface Models(LIS)

Ocean Models

Atmos. Models

(WRF/GCE/GFS/GEOS)

Coupled: LIS as an Earth Coupled: LIS as an Earth System Model Land System Model Land ComponentComponent

The Land Information System (LIS) and Weather Forecasting

LSM Initial Conditions

WRF

LSM Physics(Noah, Catchment,

CLM, VIC, HYSSiB)

Coupled orForecast Mode

Uncoupled or Analysis Mode

Global, RegionalForecasts and (Re-)Analyses

Station Data

Satellite Products

ESMF

Central US, Southern Great Plains

Coupled LIS/WRF Case Study: May-June 2002 Coupled LIS/WRF Case Study: May-June 2002 International H2O Project (IHOP) International H2O Project (IHOP)

1. Radiation Coupling Experiments: June 12, 20022. IHOP Case Studies: June 12, 2002 and May-June 2002

WRF/ARW Model Setup

• 500x500 Horizontal Points at 1km ΔX• 47 Vertical Levels from 10m to 18km AGL• Lin et al microphysics (Rain, Ice, Graupel, Snow, Cloud

Water)• RRTM longwave, Dudhia Shortwave (Account for

different water phases)• NOAH LSM from the Land Information System (LIS)• Ingested North American Regional Reanalysis (32km

mesh size) into WRFSI to create initial and boundary meteorological conditions for a 24 hour integration at 3 hour intervals

WRF-LIS Precipitation vs. Radiation Coupling Time Step

X1=6 Seconds

X3=18 Seconds

X10=60 Seconds X100=600 SecondsTotal accumulated 24-hour precipitation (mm) for update frequencies at every (6

seconds), every 3 (18 seconds), every 10 (60 seconds), and every 100 (600 seconds) time

steps. Eastman et al., GRL, 2006, submitted.

Rain Rate PDF vs. Radiation Coupling Time Step

Precipitation Probability Distribution Function (%)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0.0to

0.5

0.5to

1.0

1.0to

1.5

1.5to

2.0

2.0to

2.5

2.5to

3.0

3.0to

3.5

3.5to

4.0

4.0to

4.5

4.5to

5.0

5.0to

5.5

5.5to

6.0

6.0to

6.5

6.5tp

7.0

7.0to

7.5

Rate (cm/hr)

%

Every 1 Every 3 Every 10 Every 100

Computational Overhead of Increased Radiation Updates

Cloudy Day - Scaling with different radiation timesteps

0:00:00

2:24:00

4:48:00

7:12:00

9:36:00

12:00:00

14:24:00

16:48:00

1 3 10 100

Radiation Timestep (seconds)

CP

U T

ime

(hh

:mm

:ss)

8 processors

16 processors

32 processors

64 processors

WRFSI Initial Soil State LIS Initial Soil State (NLDAS+STATSGO)Soil Temperature (K)

Soil Moisture (kg/kg)

WRF-LIS forecast Using default soil moisture

initialization (WRFSI)

WRF-LIS forecast Using LIS soil moisture with 10

year uncoupled spinup using StageII

precipitation inputs

Soil Moisture Impact on Precipitation ForecastIHOP, June 12-13, 2002

24 Hour Accumulated Precipitation (mm)

Observed NOAA/NCEP Stage II

Radar+Gauge

Domain Integrated Precipitation versus Time

0.00E+00

5.00E+04

1.00E+05

1.50E+05

2.00E+05

2.50E+05

3.00E+05

3.50E+05

12:00

14:00

16:00

18:00

20:00

22:00 0:

002:

004:

006:

008:

0010

:00

Hour Starting on June12

Inte

gra

ted

Pre

cip

ita

tio

n (

mm

)

WRFSI GDAS NLDAS RADAR

Observed: Radar+Gauge

WRF/LIS Modeled using Radar+Gauge precipitation for LIS

uncoupled Spinup

WRF/LIS Modeled using NOAA Model precipitation (GDAS) for LIS

uncoupled Spinup

WRF/LIS Modeled using WRF Standard Initialization (WRFSI) w/o

LIS spinup

GDAS=Global Data Assimilation System (NOAA/National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP))

Land Impact on Precipitation ForecastIHOP, June 12-13, 2002

Ongoing Work and Future Directions

• Ongoing– Continued work with AFWA on EnKF Support, Precipitation

enhancements, WRF Coupling (NCAR)– Collaboration with NCEP on NLDAS Phase 2, NLDAS-E– Collaboration with NOAA/OHD on SAC/Snow-17– Collaboration with GMAO on shared subsystems (L-ANA,

CATCH)

• Future– Coupling CRTM and MEM– Coupling to GFS/CFS and GEOS-5 via ESMF– Provide LIS testbed to all JCSDA land partners to facilitate R2O

OANAOcean analysis

GEOS-5 GCM STRUCTURE

AGCM

CAP HISTORY

RADIATION

COLUMN PHYSICS

SOLAR

IR

MOIST

TURB

SURFACE

CHEMLAKE

OCEAN SKIN

DYNAMICS

GWDFVCORE

(Ts,Fi...)

VEGDYNCATCH

ICELAND

SURFACE

DYNAMICS

Data AGCM

COUPLED

Ocean

Data OGCM

PoseidonOBIO

CICE OGCM

L-ANAEnKF

GEOS-5 ”Intermediate SCM” STRUCTURE

CAP HISTORY

G5-LIS COUPLER

COLUMN PHYSICS

TURB

SURFACE

VEGDYN

CATCH

LAND

L-ANAEnKF

LIS Data System

LIS Offline Forcing of G5 Components

LIS

CATCHL-ANAEnKF LIS Data System

CATCHCLM

GEOS-5 components

Queries a state instead

of a component

Each componen

t is self-consistent

Extensions to

perturbation component

Extensions to

perturbation component