Napoleon Bonaparte1769-1821

Born 1769 –Corsica Italian parents

At 9 – accepted into a French military academy

• At 16 – Lt. in Louis XVI’s army

• The Revolution enabled him to rise in the ranks

• 1793: Toulons• 1795: Hero of the

Convention

• 1796: The Italian Campaign

• 1798: The Egyptian Campaign

Sphinx

Rosetta Stone

Began the modern

fascination with Ancient Egypt

1798: Battle of the Nile

• 1799: returned to Paris a hero!

• Invited to join a conspiracy to overthrow the Directory

• Nov 9, the Brumaire coup

• 1802: elected “First Consul for Life”

• 1804: Crowns himself Emperor of the French

• 1805-1810 Height of military successes:

Ulm

Austerlitz

Jenna

Auerstadt

Friedland

Borodino

“Son of the Revolution” or “Disguised Dictatorship?”

• 1st modern police stateAppointed all key civilian and

military officials

Initiated all legislation

Censored speech & press

Arbitrary arrests and imprisonment

Utilized a secret police

• Liberty, Equality, Fraternity became

Equality, Authority, Efficiency

Retreat from Moscow

• Personal qualities: • short!

rudebad temperinsultinginsensitivemood swingsphotographic memoryconcentrate for hourspower napsbrilliant insightsgrasp complex problemsrapid decision-makerCharisma, charisma

1813: “Battle of Nations”

1814: Abdication to Elba

1815: “100 Days”

Waterloo

St. Helena

1821: dead of Stomach cancer