Post on 07-Oct-2020
Mike RocoNSF and NNI
NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Grantees Conference Alexandria, December 6-7, 2018
A biological synaptic element (Jha et al, U. Cinn)
Nanoscale Science and Engineering at NSF
2010 2009
2008
2012
2011
2013
2014
2008
ICONIC NANO MOZAIC2015
2018
2017
Topics
Long-view of nanotechnology development
Emergence and convergence from the nanoscale: three hierarchical stages
NSE at NSF: 2018 perspective
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Long view of nanotechnology development
2000 - 2030
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Modified Stokes diagram
PureBasic Research
(Bohr)
Use-inspired Basic Research
(Pasteur))EEEEEE
Pure Applied Research
(Edison)
Relevance for applications
Rele
vanc
e fo
r the
adva
ncem
ent o
f kno
wle
dge
Low use
Low
High Vision-inspired
Basic Research(added in CKTS, 2013)
New use, domainsKnown use
Empirical, less useful
Vision inspired research has been essential for the long-term view of nanotechnology
Roco and Bainbridge, 2013 , Fig 9 (Ref. 7) MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Ex: Apollo program Ex: NNI program
a b c d
Four NTGenerations
Creativephase
Integration/Fusion phase Innovation
phaseSpin-off phase
DisciplinesBottom-up& top-down
MaterialsMedical, ..Sectors
Tools &Methods
Knowledge confluence
Innovation spiral
New Products, Applications $30 T
2000-2030 Convergence-Divergence cycle for global nanotechnology development
Spin-off disciplines,and productive sectors
New expertise (NBIC..) New applications& business
New nanosystemarchitectures
Control of matter at
the nanoscale
Based on Roco and Bainbridge, 2013 , Fig. 8 (Ref 7)
Immersion in to new technology platformsAssembly of
interacting partsNew
systems
nano12000
2010
2020
2030
nano3
1999
30 year vision to develop nanotechnology in three stages changing focus and priorities
20102013
Reports available on: www.wtec.org/nano2/ and www.wtec.org/NBIC2-report/ (Refs. 3-6)
Create library of nanocomponents
2000-2010
2. Active Nanostructures
2000
nano1 Component basics
2030 New socio-economic capabilities,
2020-2030nano3 Technology divergence
To general purpose technology
2010-2020
nano2 System integration
Based on NANO 2020, Fig. 5 (Ref. 4)
1. Passive Nanostructures
3. Systems of Nanosystems
4. Molecular Nanosystems
5. NBIC TechnologyPlatforms
GENERATIONS OFNANOPRODUCTS
CREATING A GENERAL PURPOSE NANOTECHNOLOGY IN 3 STAGES
6. NanosystemConv. Networks
MC Roco, Nov 10 2016
Twelve global nano trends to 2020 10 year perspective, www.wtec.org/nano2/ (Ref. 4)
• Theory, modeling & simulation: x1000 faster, essential design• “Direct” measurements – x6000 brighter, accelerate R&D&use• A shift from “passive” to “active” nanostructures/nanosystems• Nanosystems- some self powered,self repairing, dynamic, APM• Penetration of nanotechnology in industry - toward mass use;
catalysts, electronics; innovation– platforms, consortia• Nano-EHS – more predictive, integrated with nanobio & env.• Personalized nanomedicine - from monitoring to treatment• Photonics, electronics, magnetics – new integrated capabilities• Energy photosynthesis, storage use – solar economic • Enabling and integrating with new areas – bio, info, cognition• Earlier preparing nanotechnology workers – system integration• Governance of nano for societal benefit - institutionalization
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
90.00%
100.00%
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Perc
enta
ge o
f Num
ber o
f Pat
ents
Pate
nt N
umbe
r (U
SPTO
)
USA % Japan % EU27 % P. R. China % Korea % Total PatentsUSA Japan EU27 P.R. China Korea
Nanotechnology patents published by USPTO in 2000-2016, by five regions
“Title-abstract-claims” search by keywords (International perspective on nanotechnology papers, patents and NSF awards 2000-2016, J. Nanoparticle Research, 2017)
Total
42% in 2016 (70% in 2007)
2000 - 2016 Worldwide annual growth rate ~ 15%
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
USA
Five countries’ contributions to Top 3 journals in 2017
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
3 Journals Nature PNAS Science
USGermanyFranceP. R. ChinaJapan
* Each article is assigned to multiple countries if its authors have different nationalities. Therefore, the sum of percentages from five countries exceeds 100%; ** Combined Keywords
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
11%
12%
13%
14%
15%
16%
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
NSF
-NSE
Aw
ard/
Pape
r/Pa
tent
Per
cent
age
Year
Top 20 Journals' NanoPaper Percentage3 Selected Journals' NanoPaper PercentageTitle-claim Search's NanoPatent PercentageNSF Nano New AwardPercentage#REF!
World > $ 1T (Lux Res.)
Percentage rate of penetration of nanotechnology in NSF awards, WoS papers and USPTO patents (1991-2017)
Searched by keywords in the title/abstract/claims (update Encyclopedia Nanoscience, Roco, 2016)
2012-2017 NSF grants ~ 14%
2017 Top 20 nano J. ~ 13%
2017 Top 3 Journals ~ 6.0%
2017 USPTO patents ~ 2.7%
Est. US Market / US GDP: 2014 ~ 2%; 2017 ~ 3.7%; 2020 ~ 7% (if 25% market growth rate)
Revenues market / GDP
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
US Market ~ 3.7%
Confluence of resources leading to ecosystem changes (the S-curve)
(Ex: GAO-14-181SP Forum on Nanomanufacturing, Report to Congress, 2014)
~ 20102016
2016:No. NSF grants ~ 14%All Journals ~ 5.7 %
USPTO patents ~ 2.6%Market ~ 3%
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Three hierarchical stages of STI convergence
I Nanotechnology (N); IT
II Foundational fields (NBICA)
III Society ecosystem (CKTS)
MC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
I
II
III
Convergence of discoveries and strategic goals
• NS&E conceptual discoveries on accelerated pathEmergence nano-inspired S&E fields (“push” )
• Setting visionary goals (“pull” ), via: UN Sustainability for food, energy & society; NAE 16 Grand Challenges; IRGC Risk Governance, . . . .
• Convergence - integrated view
of push , pull & across fields MC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
Example discovery in nanoscale materials
Gyroscope’ molecules form crystal that has a solid exterior but contains moving parts
Credit: Miguel García-Garibay et al, Kendall Houk Laboratory/UCLA, 2018MC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
Example discovery in nanobiology Engineering biology through DNAs environment
Chromatin and Epigenetic Engineering (NSF 17-578 & 18-077)
Light-mediated epigenetic control at the nanoscale in human induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiac muscle cells
Credit: R. Mazitschek, Mass General Hospital/Harvard U.; E. Entcheva and A. Villagra, GWUMC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
Example discovery in nanobio-medicine
Motorized molecules drill through cellsMotorized molecules driven by light can drill holes in the membranes of individual cells, promising to bring therapeutic agents into the cells or directly inducing the cells to die Rotors in single-molecule nanomachines activated by ultraviolet light - spin at 2 to 3 million rotations per secondCredit: James Tour group, et al., Nature Aug 2017, Rice U., Durham (U.K.) and NCSU
Light
LightMC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
Example discovery in nanobio-electronics
Creation of bio-based semiconductors (2018)Program: SemiSynBio (Semiconductor Synthetic Biology)
Credit: Yonggang Ke, Emory University and Georgia TechMC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
A general trend: Convergence of nano with other emerging fields
Illustrations:• Spin-offs of NS&E: metamaterials, plasmonics, quantum
communication, AI materials design, synthetic biology• NSF 10 Big Ideas (of which 8 are well connected to nano)• NAS ENG Grand Challenges, NSF EFRI, IEEE, ….• USA Manufacturing Initiative
Convergence is: a general strategy to holistically understand and transform a system for reaching a common goal (Refs 1, 5: Roco 2002; Roco & Bainbridge 2003)
MC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
Science and technology convergence (Ref 6: “Convergence of Knowledge, Technology and Society”, Springer, 2013)
Convergence includes: - the deep integration of knowledge, tools, domains, and
modes of thinking, driven by unifying concepts and common goal
- to form new frameworks, paradigms or ecosystems that allows to answer questions, resolve problems and build things that isolated capabilities cannot
- from where emerge novel pathways, opportunities & frontiers for problem solving and progress
in competencies, knowledge, technologies, applications - Convergence science – Creating or changing an ecosystem for a goal
based on 10 theories, 6 convergence principles, and specific methods (Ref 7-10)
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Convergence of knowledge, technology and society is guided by seven general principles
A. Holistic - The interdependence in nature and society (‘deep integration’)
B. Common goal - Vision-inspired basic research for long-term challenges
C. Dynamic pattern - Processes of spiral convergence and divergence
D. Unifying - System-logic deduction in decisions
E. Cross-domain - Higher-level languages F. Multiple choice dynamics – Alt. pathwaysG. Added-value - Confluence of resources
leading to system changes (S curve)
PRINCIPLES FORCONVERGENCE
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018Science and technology convergence, JNR, 2016, 18:211 (Ref 7)
2003 – NSF-DOC sponsored report: Converging Technologies for Improving HumanPerformance: nano, info, bio & cogno (Ref 5) – “origin of NSF focus on convergence” (Cordova 2018)2003 to 2011 – NSF’s NNI, IGERT and Science of Learning
programs embraced topics focused on convergence2013 – Converging of Knowledge, Technology and Society,
Springer (NSF sponsored), International benchmarking, Springer2011, 2016 – MIT white paper and report on the “Convergence:
The Future of Health”
2014 – NAS: “Convergence: Facilitating Transdisciplinary Integration of Life Sciences, Physical Sciences, Eng. & Beyond”
23
Activity in Convergence
MC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
Three stages of convergence of foundational, general-purpose S&T fields
(Refs 3 to 6, Springer, 2000-2013)
I. Nanoscale Science, Engineering and Technology: “Nanotechnology”
Integrates disciplines and knowledge of matter from the nanoscale
II. Nano-Bio-Info-Cognitive-AI foundational Converging Technologies: “NBICA” Integrates foundational and emerging technologies from key basic elements using similar system architectures and dynamic networking
III. Convergence of Knowledge, Technology and Society: “CKTS”
Integrates the essential platforms of human activity using seven convergence principles
MC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
Logic step
NSFHHS/NIH
DHS
NRC
HHS/FDA
CPSC ITC
DOC/ USPTO
HHS/CDC/NIOSH
DOC/BIS
USDA/FS
DOEd
DODDOE
NASA
DOC/NIST
EPA
DOT
DOTr
DOJ
IC/DNI
DOS
USDA/NIFAUSDA/ARS
DOI/ USGS
OMBOSTP
DOC/EDA
DOL
U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative, 2000-2030
I. I. Nanotechnology programs: S&T divergence
OSTP
phys
chem
bioneur
Ex I. Nanotechnology Spin-offs
• Quantum systems - Quantum S&T 2003; NQI 2018• Metamaterials - 2004• Plasmonics - 2004• Modeling / simulation - Materials Genome Initiative 2011 • Nanophotonics - National Photonics Initiative 2012 • Nanofluidics • Carbon electronics • Nano sustainability • Nano wood fibers • DNA nanotechnology, Protein nanotechnology,
Nanosystems-mesoscale, . . . . . .MC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
Ex I. Quantum information systemsNSF contributions in NNI core and “The Quantum Leap”
• Fundamental science (particle entanglement, collective coherence, squeezing)
• Understanding natural and engineered quantum systems (emergent particle behavior, transition quantum/classical, system complexity)
• Technologies and devices (quantum materials, nanoscale sensors and metrology, quantum
communications and computing, devices, architectures and control)
• Env-Bio occurring and engineered quantum ecosystems (quantum biology, dispersions, others)
[Filippo Caruso (Lindau Meeting, 2016)] MC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
Ex I. “Quantum Leap” (NSF, 2018)
• $31 million for exploratory quantum research andtechnology development NSF awards made in 2018- Research Advanced in core programs (RAISE)- Transformational Advances in Quantum Systems (TAQS)- Quantum Integrated Platforms for Quantum Communication (EQuIP)
• Catalyzing Industry-University Collaboration in QuantumTechnologies Workshop Report – NSF sponsored August 2018
• National Quantum Initiative – OSTP, October 2018
MC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
NBIC 2001: NSF Workshop “Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance: Nano-Bio-Information-Cognition”
NBICA 2015: added general purpose “Artificial intelligence” as a foundational emerging field affecting human performance
Synergistic combination of 5 foundational emerging fields from their basic elements (atoms, bits, genes, neurons, logic step) up and using similar system architecture concepts, for common core goals such as learning, productivity & aging
II. Nano-Bio-Info-CognitiveConverging Technologies
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
NanobiomedicineNanobiotechnologySynthetic biology; epigeneticsBio-photonics; Microbiome;…
Neuromorphic engng.Synapses to mindSmart environments,Cogno aid devices ..
NanobioinformaticsDNA computingProteomics, ….
Brain simulationCyber networkingPersonalized education..
Nanotechnology Spin-offs : Nanophotonics, plasmonics, materials genome, mesoscale S&E, metamaterials, nanofluidics, carbon electronics, nanosustainability, wood fibers, DNA NT, ..
Spin-offs
Spin-offs
Spin-offs
Spin-offs
Information Technology Spin-offs: Large databases, cyber-physical-social infrastructure, Internet of Things, connected sensorial systems, topical computer-aided design, cyber networks, ...
II. Emergence & divergence of foundational NBICA fieldsRe
-com
bine
CKTS, 2013 (Ref 6)
NBICA system
Logic step
National Robotics Initiative
InfoCogno Bio
Nano
National Nanotechnology Initiative(nano.gov) (with coordinating office)
Materials Genome
BRAIN Initiative(whitehouse.gov/share/brain-initiative)
National Information Technology R&D(nitrd.gov)(with coordinating office)
Biomedical /Health focus
National Strategic Computing Initiative
Converging foundational technologies (NBIC) leads to II. U.S. emerging S&T initiatives
“NBIC”, Roco 2015 (Ref 8)
Big Data Science
NNI Grand Challenges
Brain
–like
Com
putin
g; S
mart
syste
ms
Precision Med
Nano-Photonics
Biology centered
Microbiome
Artificial Intelligence
Genome(s)
OSTP
Architecture, Life, Human-technology
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Quantum
Ex II: 2016- NSF 10 Big Ideas (6 research ideas)
• Understanding the Rules of Life: Predicting Phenotype (N-inside)
• Work at the Human-Technology Frontier (N-inside)
• Windows on the Universe: Era of Multi-messenger Astrophysics
• Navigating the New Arctic
• Data science (N-inside)
• The Quantum Leap (N-inside)
Ex II. “Future of Work at the Human-Technology Frontier"NSF 2018 themes: foundations for Augmenting Human Cognition
and embodied Intelligent Cognitive Assistants(including nano-neuro, brain-like computing, nanocomponents, sensors, etc.)
Whole-body exoskeletons foradvanced vocational enhancement. Image credit: Sarcos
The Next mobile office: Safe andproductive work in automated vehicles.Image credit: Andrew Kun, U. New Hampshire
II II
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Ex II. Smart Systemsprograms with nanotechnology components
- National Robotics Initiative (NRI)
- Cyber-Physical-Social Systems (CPS)
Integration of intelligent decision-making algorithms and hardware intophysical systems
- Human-Centered smart service systems
- Smart and Connected CommunitiesMC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Ex II: IoT with Nanosensors
Nanotechnology for Sensors www.nano.gov/SensorsNSIPortal
Goals:1 nm sensors self poweredWireless networked linksDistributed network
Cyber-Physical SystemsMETI 2016
NNI/NNCO, MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Ex II: “Brain like computing” (NNI Grand Challenge) combining National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI), National Strategic
Computing Initiative (NSCI) & BRAIN Initiative
• Nanotechnology-Inspired Grand Challenge for Future Computing (DOD, DARPA, DOE, IARPA, NSF), announced by OSTP on Oct 21, 2015
• Purpose: “Create a new type of computer that can proactively interpret and learn from data, solve unfamiliar problems using what it has learned, and operate with the energy efficiency of the human brain.”
Also: pattern recognition, human like simultaneous perception of information from various sources including the five senses,
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Foundational tools – NBICA
Earth scale platform
Human scale &quality of life
Innovative & responsible governance- System behavior
For societal benefit, human development
Societal values and needs
The conductor suggests societal governance of K&T converging platforms for societal benefit.
Ref: 8: “Convergence of knowledge, technology and society: Beyond NBIC” 2013
Human activity system
Societal scale platform
III. Convergence of Knowledge, Technology and Society
Innovation circuit
Syste
m fee
dbac
k
MC Roco, Nov 6 2018
Convergence of Knowledge and Technology (CKTS) leads to III. U.S. global society-oriented initiatives
Societal
Earth Human
NBIC+
SunShot GC (DOE..)
Asteroid GC (NASA..)
Global Change Research Program(Global Change.gov) (with coord office)
Advanced manufacturing: National Network for Manufacturing Innovation (NNMI)
(http://www.manufacturing.gov/nnmi)
Smart and Connected Communities
Strategy for Arctic Region
STEAM EducationInitiative (NSF, DoEd)
“Principles and methods that facilitate convergence” (Ref 8)
Climate Action Plan Innovation
Space Station (NASA..)
Aging Population
Productivity, Sustainability, Equality, Safe
I-Corps
OSTP
MC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
Ex III. The National Network for Manufacturing Innovation (NNMI)
DigitalMfg& Design
Chicago, IL
Lightweigh t Metals
Detroit, MI
Flexible Hybrid Electronics San
Jose, CA
Additive Manufacturin
g Youngstown,
OH
AFFOA - Fibers and Textiles,
Cambridge MA
AIMAIMPhotonicsPhotonics
RocheRochessteter,r, NYNY
Smart Manufacturing
Los Angeles, CA
Shaded states have major participants in Manufacturing
USA Institutes
Advanced Fiber-
Reinforced Polymer
Composites Knoxville, TN
Wide Bandgap Semiconductor
sRaleigh, NC
Modular Chemical Process
Intensification NewYork, NY
Bio-pharmaceutical Manufacturing Newark, DE
Advanced Tissue
Biofabrication, Manchester,
NH
REMADERochester, NY
Institute announce- ment January 13, 2017
2018: A network of 14 translational manufacturing instituteshttps://www.manufacturingusa.com/institutes MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
• INCLUDES: Enhancing Science & Engineering through Diversity• Mid-scale Research Infrastructure
• NSF 2026: The Integrative Foundational Fund• Growing Convergent Research at NSF
Ex III: 2016 NSF 10 Big Ideas (4 enabling ideas)
NSF 2026 All (N-inside)
Ex III. NSF “INCLUDES” - Development Launch Pilots Example: The 50K Coalition (NSF 17-522)
50K Coalition Partners- 30 colleges and universities- 21 professional engineering
societies- 3 community colleges- 5 corporations
Goal: Produce 50,000 diverse engineering graduates by 2025
Utilizing a Systems ApproachDesigned for ChangeAction Network Groups•Undergraduate Support and Retention•Public Awareness/Marketing•Funding and Financial Support•K-12 Support•Community College Linkages•Culture/Climate•Data Council
8
A part of the NSF INCLUDES National Network MC. Roco, Dec 6 2018
NNI at NSF in 2018
I. National Nanotechnology Initiative in 2019
Sustainable Nanomanufacturing
Nanoelectronics for 2020 and
Beyond
Water Sustainability
Through Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology for Sensing
Nanotechnology Knowledge
Infrastructure
Signature Initiatives (2016~2020 ) + Grand Challenges
2018, 2019 NNI Supplements to the President’s Budget
(including NSF, NIH, DOE, …)
2016-2019 NNI Strategic Plan approved by WH and
submitted to Congress(available on www.nano.gov)
PCAST report on NNI
NAS/NRC report on NNI
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
I. National Nanotechnology Initiative, 2019 Nanotechnology Signature Initiatives
Sustainable Nanomanufacturing www.nano.gov/NSINanomanufacturing
Nanoelectronics for 2020 and Beyond www.nano.gov/NSINanoelectronics
Water Sustainability through Nanotechnology www.nano.gov/node/1577 : 5 year goals for filtration, transportation, and sensors
Nanotechnology Knowledge Infrastructure www.nano.gov/NKIPortal
Nanotechnology for Sensors www.nano.gov/SensorsNSIPortal
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Several NSF NSE awards in FY 2017-2018 (1)www.nsf.gov
• National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure, NNCI• Network for Computational Nanotechnology, nanoHUB et al.• Scalable nanomanufacturing, SNM (2017)• “Two-Dimensional Atomic-layer Research and Engineering,
2-DARE”; "Advancing Communication Quantum Information Research in Engineering (ACQUIRE)“ and “NewLAW”, 2017
• NSE in Nexus of Food, Energy, and Water (“INFEWS”) • NSE in Understanding the Brain (“UtB”)• NSF Nanosystems Eng. Res. (water filtration, biomedicine)• International nano-EHS collaboration: Communities of
Research (http://us-eu.org/)MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Other activities at NSF
• Core research in: BIO, CISE, E.H.R., ENG, GEO, MPS, SBE• Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers (MRSEC);
Nanotechnology Engineering Research Centers (NERC)• Science and Technology Centers (STC) (Ex: UCB, Harvard U.,
MIT-GA Tech, U. Colorado-Boulder, U. Penn) $5M/year/center• Other centers in core programs (Ex: Center for Sustainable
Development of Nanotechnology in CHE)• Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) (~5% of NSF NNI) • US (NNI)-EU (EC) Communities of Research (7 CORs) on
nanoEHS (http://us-eu.org/) • Part of Converging Knowledge, Technologies & Society (CKTS)• Translational: GOALI; I/UCRP; PFI; Nano-ERC; I-Corps
Several NSF NSE awards in FY 2017-2018 (2)www.nsf.gov
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Examples of NSF programs (2018-2019)
ACQUIRE: Advancing Communication Quantum Information Research In Engineering
SemiSynBio: Semiconductor Synthetic Biology for Information Processing and Storage Technologies
NewLAW:New Light, EM (Electronic) andAcoustic Wave Propagation: Breaking Reciprocity and Time-Reversal Symmetry
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Energy-Efficient Computing: from Devices to Architectures (E2CDA)
• - Radical new approaches – from new devicesarchitectures to hybrid digital-analog designs
- Partnership between NSF (ENG and CISE) andSemiconductor Research Corporation (SRC)
Examples: - 2D Electrostrictive FETs for Ultra-Low Power Circuits & Architectures, - Energy Efficient Computing with Chip-Based Photonics, - Energy Efficient Learning Machines, - Self-Adaptive Reservoir Computing with Spiking Neurons: Learning
Algorithms and Processor ArchitecturesMC Roco, Dec 6 2018
• Provide open access to state-of-the-art nano-fabrication and characterization facilities, their tools, and staff expertise across the US
• Use these resources to support education and outreach as well as societal and ethical implications in/of nanotechnology
• http://www.nnci.net/
NSF FundedFY 2015-2019$81M total
16 NNCI Sites13 Partners 17 States67 Facilities>2000 Tools
Oliver Brand, Georgia Tech, oliver.brand@ece.gatech.edu 49
NEHI and ELSI Research and Programs in the NNCI
• NNCI has four main sites that do work researching, training,and communicating some of the social and ethical issuesraised by and inherent to Nanoscale S&E:
• North Carolina State University• Arizona State University• University of Texas at Austin• Northwestern University
• Their goal: “integrating research on societal, ethical, andenvironmental concerns with nanotechnology research anddevelopment, and ensuring that advances in nanotechnologybring about improvements in quality of life for all Americans”
Network for Computational Nanotechnology (NCN)
> 1.4 million users annually > 1,800 contributors 172 countries NCN CyberPlatform
nanoMFG Node
Global nano S&E
Community
nanoBIONode
Cyberinfrastructure: 500+ nano-Apps in the cloud5,500+ lectures and tutorials 100+ courses => MOOC 185 institutions
NSF – discovery, innovation and education in Nanoscale Science and Engineering (NSE)
www.nsf.gov/nano , www.nano.gov
- FY 2018 Budget planned: $421 M
– Fundamental research > 7,000 active projects in all NSF directorates
– Establishing the infrastructure > 30 centers & networks, 2 general user facilities
– Training and education > 10,000 students and teachers/y; ~ $50M/y
FYs 2017 actual ~ $465 M (including other core programs)
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
NSF’s NS&E amount new awards per capitaFYs 2000 - 2018: U.S. average amount ~ $41 /capita
#1 MA $149 / capita (2000-2018)2018: Over 7,000 active awards(abstracts on www.nsf.gov/nano)
AK 5.93; AL 38.68; AR 33.88; AZ 44.81; CA 46.88; CO 66.97 ; CT 41.45; DC 133.66 ; DE 91.92 ; FL 13.19; GA 28.41; HI 3.27; IA 27.08; ID 20.78; IL 57.98; IN 51.52; KS 27.31; KY 19.59; LA 19.69; MA 148.80 ; MD 50.30; ME 10.72; MI 35.49; MN 39.53; MO 19.20; MS 28.01; MT 30.02; NC 44.44; ND 35.07; NE 61.88; NH 31.92; NJ 32.75; NM 36.65; NV 9.08; NY 74.21; OH 34.20; OK 19.79; OR 32.96; PA 60.69 ; PR 20.10; RI 96.61 ; SC 26.10; SD 50.66; TN 20.01; TX 25.72; UT 35.23; VA 31.23; VT 26.49; WA 31.19; WI 49.13; WV 25.51; WY 24.57
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
Num
bers
of A
war
ds
Budget Fiscal Year
Numbers of NEW and ACTIVE NS&E AwardsFYs 2000 - 2018
No. NEWAwds.No. ACTIVEAwds.
2000 ~ 2010: nano penetration 2010 ~ 2020: nano integration and qualitative changes
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Nano-inspired programs by other agencies
• DARPA: Atom to Producthttp://www.darpa.mil/work-with-us/opportunities
• DOE: Atomically Precise Manufacturing https://science.energy.gov/sbir/funding-opportunities/
• NIH: Image Guided Drug Delivery (PAR 16-044)http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-16-044.html
• Other opportunities NIST, NIOSH, USDA, …MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Several future trends
• Hierarchical, modular, NBICA manufacturing
• Sustainability nanotechnology: recyclability, W, En, F
• Gene editing in medicine, agriculture, energy
• Brain–to-brain and -machine communication
• Quantum entanglement, communication and computing
• NT for smart systems: general purpose AI & IA (Int Aug) Intelligent Cognitive Assistants, in production, cyber-physical-human systems, transport, healthcare.
MC Roco, Dec 6 2018
Related publications1. “Coherence and Divergence of Megatrends in Science and Engineering”
(Roco, JNR, 2002)2. “Nanotechnology: Convergence with Modern Biology and Medicine”,
(Roco, Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 2003) 3. NANO1: “Nanotechnology research directions: Vision for the next decade”
(Roco, Williams & Alivisatos, WH, 1999, also Springer, 316p, 2000)4. NANO 2020: “Nanotechnology research directions for societal needs in
2020” (Roco, Mirkin & Hersam, Springer, 690p, 2011a)5. NBIC: “Converging technologies for improving human performance: nano-
bio-info-cognition” (Roco & Bainbridge, Springer, 468p, 2003)6. CKTS: “Convergence of knowledge, technology and society: Beyond
NBIC” (Roco, Bainbridge, Tonn & Whitesides; Springer, 604p, 2013b) 7. The new world of discovery, invention, and innovation: convergence of
knowledge, technology and society” (Roco & Bainbridge, JNR 2013a, 15)8. “Principles and methods that facilitate convergence” (Roco, Springer
Reference, Handbook of Science and Technology Convergence, 2015) 9. “Science and technology convergence, with emphasis for
nanotechnology-inspired convergence” (Bainbridge & Roco, JNR, 2016)10. HSTC: “Handbook of Science and Technology Convergence”
(Bainbridge & Roco, 2016)
(5 re
ports
with
R&D
reco
mm
enda
tions
for 2
020)