DERMATOPHYTOSIS

MycologyHuda Alzubaidi

December 2, 2013

Outline

Introduction

Transmission

Causes Symptoms

Types of infection

Conclusion

Inroduction

Dermatophytosis is a mycotic infection of the hair, skin, or nails.

The fungi that cause dermatophytosis are Dermatophytes.

The genera which cause this infection include: Trichophyton, Microsporum & Epidermophyton .

The most common diseases that dermatophytes cause are Tinea pideas (Athlete’s Foot) and Tinea capitis (ringworm).

Facts

Approximately 70% of the world’s population is predicted to experience dermatophytosis during their lifetime.

Infection only occurs when skin conditions are in a warm and moist environment.

Adult males are more susceptible to Athlete’s foot while children are more likely to experience Tinea capitis.

Athlete’s foot

Tinea pedis

Fungal infection that commonly occurs on the soles of the feet and between the webs of toes.

The name was derived from common infection within athletes

Trichophyton

TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM TRICHOPHYTON MENTAGROPHYTES

Causes

Poor hygiene

Walking barefoot in contaminated environments.

Wearing tight fitting shoes that are airless and prevent sweat from evaporating.

Transmission

Direct contact:Skin-to-skin contact

Indirect contact:ShoesTowels Nail salonsSwimming pools

General Symptoms

Cracks and skin peeling between two toes

Soreness

Itchiness

Sweaty

Smelly feet

Risk factors for Athlete’s foot

Immunocompromised

Those on immunosuppresants Organ transplant

patient’s

Diabetes

Toe web infection

Inter-digital infection.

The most common type of athlete’s foot infection,

Easiest type of Athlete’s foot to treat.

Moccasin infection

Moccasin type of infection is long lasting or chronic.

Caused by T. rubum

Severe cases this type of infection may lead to crumbling or fall out of toenails.

Vesicular infection

Caused by T.mentagrophytes.

The least common of infection .

Begins as fluid-filled blisters on the skin, between toes, on the heel, or sole of the foot.

Treatment& Prevention

Treatment: Non prescription topical antifungals such as

Micatin. prescription topical & oral antifungals such as

Naftin & Lamisil .

Prevention: Avoid walking barefoot. Keep your feet dry. Wear cotton socks.

Tinea capitis

Causal species

Microsporum canis M. audouinii M. distortum M. cookei

Risk factors of Tinea capitis

Ages: 3-7 years old

Daycare centers.

Nursing homes

Immunocompromised

HIV & Cancer

Organ transplant patients

Transmission

Direct contact with infected area of someone else.

Sharing contaminated combs, hats or bed clothes.

Pets such as dog & cats

Tinea capitis Symptoms

Head rash & Scalp pain

Localized redness & swelling on the scalp.

Patches become lumpy.

Hair loss & lasting scars..

Types of Tinea capitis infection

Three types:

Ectothrix infection

Endothrix infection

Favus infection

Treatment& Prevention

Treatment:Oral therapy can be used such as Griseofulvin.

Prevention:Wash your hair regularly.No sharing personal items.

Conclusion

Dermatophytosis is a fungal infection that infect the skin, hair and nails.

It is a zoonotic infection which can be transferred from animals to human.

It is more prevalent in warm climate. The most common disease of

dermatophytosis are Tinea pedis & Tinea capitis

References

Alters, S., & Schiff, W. (2011). Essential concepts for healthy living. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

Baxter, D. E., Porter, D. A., & Schon, L. (2008). Baxter's the foot and ankle in sport. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier.

Bragg, P. C., & Bragg, P. (2004). Bragg build strong healthy feet. Santa Barbara, Calif: Health Science.

Diseases, disorders, and injuries. (2011). New York: Marshall Cavendish Reference.

Markova, T. (2002). What is the most effective treatment for tinea pedis (athletes’s foot)? Journal of Family Practice; 51(1):21.

Parekh, S. G., Patel, D., & Parekh, J. G. (2012). Foot and ankle surgery. New Delhi, India: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.

Silverstein, A., Silverstein, V. B., & Nunn, L. S. (2011). Tapeworms, foot fungus, lice, and more: The yucky disease book. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers