Post on 05-Dec-2014
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KA 6563 Sustainable Urban Design
My Home Town Iraq , Erbil
Prof.Riza Atiq Abdullah Present by :
Sarah Hazim P65407
Introduction Erbil is one of the cities
of Iraq, It is Located on the north part of country
About 350 KM from the capital Baghdad and the area about 13,165 km square.
» Labor Force: 865,000 » International borders:
Turkey, Iran
ErbilWith population of 2
million. The using language is kurdish.
Districts Erbil includes:
Makhmour Koisanjaq Shaqlawa Soran ,Rawanduz
and Diana Mergasur Choman
The History of Erbil
Erbil is one of most ancient cities in the world. It was born during the early Mesopotamian civilizations, around 10,000 years ago and it develop in less than one century ago from a small agricultural settlement to a well-established Middle Eastern tourism and business destination .
Erbil’s castle Erbil city is well-
known for having a Castle in the centre of the city and for having a 36 meters long Minaret, (al Mudhafaria Minaret) which located in the west region of Erbil city
Urban DesignAt the moment, hundreds of large-
scale projects are being built in the area of Erbil. They include highways, urban rail networks, international and local universities and schools, luxurious five-star hotels managed by global hoteliers, Dubai-styled shopping malls,sports complexes, hospitals and dozens of large-scale residential projects.
Transport The primary road route from Kirkuk
to Mosul runs through southern Erbil province. Another primary road from Kirkuk runs to Erbil City. From Erbil city, major routes run west to Mosul and northeast to Shaqlawah and Choman, and to the Hajj Umran border crossing at the Iranian border. There is also an eastern route to Sulaymaniyah.
TransportErbil’s Airport was renovated in
2005. in August 2005 Erbil’s Airport receives regular direct flights from Oman, Dubai, Istanbul and Frankfurt and several additional European cities are planned for the near future.
A major railway line runs north from Baghdad to Kirkuk and to Erbil city.
The Biodiversity In Erbil and surrounding areas there
are many problems which influence negatively on the biodiversity like:poor rains ,global warming,
Water scarcity of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers recently reduced the number of fishes and natural plants
The existence of pollution factors that difficult to control such as radioactive pollution due to depleted uranium in the wars
Steps that have been taken
A Project to planting 100 million trees in the peri-urban areas to purify the environment.
Develop environmental police system to monitor illegal fishing operations and the percentage of car exhaust pollution and to prevent cutting the trees.
Climate changeAT the moment the global climate
passes throw the situation of change in high average temperatures for the Pan-Globe and change in rainfall and snow
Scientists differ about the origin of this increase and cause, between natural increase, and Increase of the concentration of gases which cause the global warming .
Climate changeIn The second half of the last century
there was continuous rise in average temperatures throughout the country , Iraqi Meteorological Authority said that the overall rate of maximum temperatures in Erbil for years 1941 - 1970 it was 21 degrees Celsius only, and rose to reach 32.6 degrees Celsius in 2000, and this climate change effect on rainfall percentage.
Green Spaces Erbil has 25% of green spaces
and high percentage area of mountains
Employments According to statistics in the past seven
years, 7,500 people have applied for jobs, but the department could only find jobs for 500 people. In the meantime, more than 1,000 foreign workers were brought to Erbil Region last year only .
Four years ago, government figures showed unemployment rate in Erbil at 14%. But this year, officials from the Ministry of Labor indicate that the rate has gone down due to small debts, welfare, and the opening of many centers for job training.
EducationIn Erbil there is One university
(Salahaddin University), which includes colleges of law, medicine and engineering,129 secondary schools, 12 vocational schools (commercial, industrial and technical)
There are 22 libraries in Erbil.
EducationKnow there are many new foreign
universities with international staff like the British Royal University.
Also there are many international Secondary and Primary schools
was opened recently.
Health careThe Ministry of Health is working to
increase interest in government hospitals and monitor shipments of medications to avoid cheating.
Construction of several private hospitals with specialist staff and attract foreign staff from abroad to reduce the rates of travelling citizen to outside of Iraq for treatment.
Health care
Control prices of private hospitals and prevent it from rising so that most citizens receive treatment.
monitoring the spread of epidemics and disseises .
Economy of Erbil
The economy of Erbil depend on 3 main factors :
1:The agriculture Erbil has over 300 poultry farms,
with various kinds of plants :fruits , vegetables, Wheat and Barley.
Economy of ErbilErbil produces approximately
36,000 tons of fresh chicken meat per year and a commensurately large number of eggs.
Erbil also produces large crops of
tomatoes, cucumbers, and melons. In addition, large commercial heads of sheep, goats and cattle.
Economy of Erbil2:the tourism Many Iraqi people from the middle and the south go to the north especially in summer to get rid of hot weather. last year Achieved profits of half a million dollars. 3:Trade Between the neighboring regions of Turkey and Iran.
Bekhal And Kally ali bik
Recycling in Erbil Erbil has factories for recycling
metal, plastic , paper and glass .
There are many popular dishes that are characterized by Erbil, such as yoghurt ,bread and special dishes that made it in holidays and weekends like (dolma and beryani) and (klejaa) which is made on Eid al fitter and adhha.
The Food
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