Post on 04-Apr-2018
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Intended for entry level anatomy students
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
ntended to be viewed as full-screen.
elect full-screen, and use Page Down to scroll through individual flashcards !
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Note: Learn origins and insertions of each muscle well.
This is why the bony landmarks are so important.
Do not memorize the function of muscles !
Muscles contract only linearly.
Thus, to know the origin and insertion of a muscle is to know the function.
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Note: Every muscle has a multitude of actions.Listed are the primary actions of each muscle !
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Presented in Three Parts:
I Muscles of Face, head, neck, thorax, and abdomen
II Muscles of the upper extremity
III Muscles of the lower extremity
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Each card is a set of three:
The first asks to identify the muscle.The next provides the clues.
The third gives the name of the muscle.
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1. Identify this muscle and its action !
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1. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: margin of the orbit
Insertion: eyelid & skin of face
Action: closes eye, blink
Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)
Orbicularis Oculi
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2. Identify this muscle and its action !
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2. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Maxilla and mandible
Insertion: Fibers of the lips
Action: Compresses lips
Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)
Orbicularis oris
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3. Identify this muscle and its action !
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3. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Zygomatic bone
Insertion: mandible
Action: Elevates mandible, closes jaws, chewing (mastication)
Innervation: Mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V3)
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3. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Zygomatic bone
Insertion: mandible
Action: Elevates mandible, closes jaws, chewing (mastication)
Innervation: Mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V3)
Masseter
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4. Identify this muscle and its action !
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4. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: manubrium and clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone
Action: Flexes head at neck (both right and left muscles working together),or bends neck toward shoulder and turns face away (one-side only)
Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
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4. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: manubrium and clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone
Action: Flexes head at neck (both right and left muscles working together),or bends neck toward shoulder and turns face away (one-side only)
Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Sternocleidomastoid
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5. Identify this muscle and its action !
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5. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Inferior clavicle and fascia of chest
Insertion: Inferior surface of mandible
Action: Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and tenses skin of the neck bydrawing it superiorly
Innervation: Cervical Branch of Facial Nerve (CN VII)
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5. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Inferior clavicle and fascia of chest
Insertion: Inferior surface of mandible
Action: Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and tenses skin of the neck bydrawing it superiorly
Innervation: Cervical Branch of Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Platysma
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6. Identify this muscle and its action !
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6. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Inferior border of rib Insertion: Superior border of inferior rib
Action: Elevates ribs
Innervation: Intercostal nerves
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6. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Inferior border of rib Insertion: Superior border of inferior rib
Action: Elevates ribs
Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Hint: External intercostals run in the same direction as your fingers when you putyour hands in your pockets
External Intercostals
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7. Identify this muscle and its action !
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7. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Superior border of inferior rib Insertion: Inferior border of superior rib
Action: Depresses ribs
Innervation: Intercostal nerves
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7. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Superior border of inferior rib Insertion: Inferior border of superior rib
Action: Depresses ribs
Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Hint: Internal intercostals run in the direction that your fingers run when you place yourhands on your heart (i.e. deep and perpendicular to external intercostal muscles)
Internal Intercostals
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Origin: originates on the inferior border of the rib cage
Insertion: inserts on the central tendon.
Action: Flattens when it contracts to increase area of thorax and inflate lungs.
Innervation: Phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)
8. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Respiratory Diaphragm
Origin: originates on the inferior border of the rib cage
Insertion: inserts on the central tendon.
Action: Flattens when it contracts to increase area of thorax and inflate lungs.
Innervation: Phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)
8. Identify this muscle and its action !
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9. Identify this muscle and its action !
9 Identify this muscle and its action !
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9. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: External, inferior borders of ribs Insertion: linea alba and iliac crest
Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen
Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Note that the muscle fibers run in the direction that your fingers runwhen you put your hands in your pockets.
9 Identify this muscle and its action !
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9. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: External, inferior borders of ribs Insertion: linea alba and iliac crest
Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen
Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Note that the muscle fibers run in the direction that your fingers runwhen you put your hands in your pockets.
External Oblique Abdominus
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10. Identify this muscle and its action !
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10. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: costal cartilages and xiphoid process
Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen
Innervation: Intercostal nerves
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10. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: costal cartilages and xiphoid process
Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen
Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Rectus abdominus
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Presented in Three Parts:
I Muscles of Face, head, neck, thorax, and abdomen
II Muscles of the upper extremity
III Muscles of the lower extremity
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11. Identify this muscle and its action !
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11. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Clavicle and scapula
Action: elevation of scapulae
Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
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11. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Clavicle and scapula
Action: elevation of scapulae
Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Trapezius
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12. Identify this muscle and its action !
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12. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: vertebral spinous processes, iliac crest, and ribs
Insertion: Intertubercular groove and lesser tubercle (humerus
(common insertion with teres major muscle).
Action: Adduction of arm at shoulder
Innervation: spinal nerves (C6-C8)
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12. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: vertebral spinous processes, iliac crest, and ribs
Insertion: Intertubercular groove and lesser tubercle of humerus
(common insertion with teres major muscle).
Action: Adduction of arm at shoulder
Innervation: spinal nerves (C6-C8)
Latissimus dorsi
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Anterior view
I13. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Anterior view
I13. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle (humerus)
Action: Medial rotation of shoulder
Innervation: spinal nerve from posterior cord of brachial plexus
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Anterior view
I13. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle (humerus)
Action: Medial rotation of arm at shoulder
Innervation: spinal nerve from posterior cord of brachial plexus
Subscapularis(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)
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Anterior view
posterior view
14. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Anterior view
posterior view
14. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Supraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Action: abduct arm at shoulder
Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
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Anterior view
posterior view
14. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Supraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus)
Action: abduct arm at shoulder
Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
Supraspinatus(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)
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15. Identify this muscle and its action !
Anterior view
posterior view
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15. Identify this muscle and its action !
Anterior view
posterior view
Origin: Infraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus)
Action: Lateral rotation of arm at shoulder
Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
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Anterior view
posterior view
15. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Infraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus)
Action: Lateral rotation of arm at shoulder
Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
Infraspinatus(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)
f
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posterior view
16. Identify this muscle and its action !
16 Id tif thi l d it ti !
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posterior view
16. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus)
Action: Laterally rotates arm at shoulder
Innervation: Axillary nerve
16 Id tif thi l d it ti !
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posterior view
16. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus)
Action: Laterally rotates arm at shoulder
Innervation: Axillary nerve
Teres Minor(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)
17 Id tif thi l d it ti !
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Anterior view
posterior view
17. Identify this muscle and its action !
17 Id tif thi l d it ti !
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Anterior view
posterior view
17. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: clavicle and scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity (humerus)
Action: ab-duct arm at shoulder
(similar to supraspinatus)
Innervation: Axillar nerve
17 Id tif thi l d it ti !
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Anterior view
posterior view
17. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: clavicle and scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity (humerus)
Action: ab-duct arm at shoulder
(similar to supraspinatus)
Innervation: Axillar nerve
Deltoid
18 Identify this muscle and its action !
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18. Identify this muscle and its action !
18 Identify this muscle and its action !
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18. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: clavicle, costal cartilage, and sternum
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Action: flex arm at shoulder
Innervation: Pectoral nerves (spinal nerves from brachial plexus)
18 Identify this muscle and its action !
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18. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: clavicle, costal cartilage, and sternum
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Action: flex arm at shoulder
Innervation: Pectoral nerves (spinal nerves from brachial plexus)
Pectoralis major
19 Identify this muscle and its action !
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19. Identify this muscle and its action !
19 Identify this muscle and its action !
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19. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
Short Head: Coracoid process (scapula)
Insertion: Radial tuberosity
Action: flex forearm at elbow and supinate forearm/ hand at elbow
(a two-joint muscle)
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
19 Identify this muscle and its action !
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19. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
Short Head: Coracoid process (scapula)
Insertion: Radial tuberosity
Action: flex forearm at elbow and supinate forearm/ hand at elbow
(a two-joint muscle)
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
Biceps brachii
20 Identify this muscle and its action !
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Anterior view
Posterior view
20. Identify this muscle and its action !
Anterior viewPosterior view
20 Identify this muscle and its action !
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20. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin of Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula)Medial Head: Posterior, lateral humerus
Lateral Head: Posterior, medial humerus
Insertion: Olecranon (ulna)
Action: Extend forearm at elbow
Innervation: Radial nerve
Anterior viewPosterior view
20 Identify this muscle and its action !
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20. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin of Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula)Medial Head: Posterior, lateral humerus
Lateral Head: Posterior, medial humerus
Insertion: Olecranon (ulna)
Action: Extend forearm at elbow
Innervation: Radial nerve
Triceps brachii
21 Identify this muscle and its action !
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21. Identify this muscle and its action !
21 Identify this muscle and its action !
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21. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of fifth metacarpal
Action: Extend and adduct hand at the wrist
Innervation: Posterior Interosseus Nerve, a branch of the
Radial Nerve
21. Identify this muscle and its action !
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21. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of fifth metacarpal
Action: Extend and adduct hand at the wrist
Innervation: Posterior Interosseus Nerve, a branch of the
Radial Nerve
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
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22. Identify this muscle and its action !
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22. Identify this muscle and its action !
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of second and third metacarpals
Action: Flex and abduct hand at the wrist
Innervation: Median Nerve
22. Identify this muscle and its action !
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y
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of second and third metacarpals
Action: Flex and abduct hand at the wrist
Innervation: Median Nerve
Flexor Carpi Radialis
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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions
Presented in Three Parts:
I Muscles of Face, head, neck, thorax, and abdomen
II Muscles of the upper extremity
III Muscles of the lower extremity
23. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Posterior view
23. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Posterior view Origin: iliac crest, sacrum
Insertion: iliotibial tract, linea aspera
Action: extension of thigh at hip and lateral rotation of thigh
Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
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24. Identify this muscle and its action !
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24. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: iliac crest
Insertion: Greater trochanter
Action: Abduction and medial rotation of thigh at the hip
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
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25. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: Lateral surface of ilium
Insertion: Greater trochanter
Action: Abduction, medial rotation at hip
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
25. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: Lateral surface of ilium
Insertion: Greater trochanter
Action: Abduction, medial rotation at hip
Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Gluteus Minimus
26. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Posterior view
26. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Posterior view Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia
Action: flex leg at knee
Innervation: Tibial nerve
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27. Identify this muscle and its action !
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27. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial surface of superior tibia,
via pes anserinus
Action: flex leg at knee
Innervation: Tibial nerve
Semitendinosus
28. Identify this muscle and its action !
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28. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia
Action: flex leg at knee
Innervation: Tibial nerve
28. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia
Action: flex leg at knee
Innervation: Tibial nerve
Biceps Femoris, Long-Head
29. Identify this muscle and its action !
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29. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: linea aspera
Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia
Action: flex leg at knee
Innervation: common fibular nerve
Biceps Femoris, Short-Head
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30. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: Medial side of superior tibia,
via pes anserinus
Action: flex thigh at hip & flex leg at knee
Innervation: Femoral nerve
30. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: Medial side of superior tibia,
via pes anserinus
Action: flex thigh at hip & flex leg at knee
Innervation: Femoral nerve
Sartorius
31. Identify this muscle and its action !
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31. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar
ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
Action: Flex thigh at hip & extend leg at
knee
Innervation: Femoral nerve
Rectus Femoris
32. Identify this muscle and its action !
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33. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: Greater trochanter
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar
ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
Action: Extend leg at knee
Innervation: Femoral nerve
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34. Identify this muscle and its action !
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34. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: Anterolateral surface of femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar
ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
Action: Extend leg at knee
Innervation: Femoral nerve
34. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: Anterolateral surface of femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar
ligament, part of quadriceps femoris
Action: Extend leg at knee
Innervation: Femoral nerve
VastusIntermedius
35. Identify this muscle and its action !
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35. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: Femoral condyles
Insertion: Calcaneus, via calcaneal tendon
Action: Plantar flexion of foot at ankle
Innervation: Tibial nerve
35. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: Femoral condyles
Insertion: Calcaneus, via calcaneal tendon
Action: Plantar flexion of foot at ankle
Innervation: Tibial nerve
Gastrocnemius
36. Identify this muscle and its action !
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36. Identify this muscle and its action !
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Origin: tibia
Insertion: 1st metatarsal
Action: Extension (dorsiflexion) of foot at ankle, inversion of foot
Innervation: Deep fibular nerve
Tibialis Anterior
Structures that you should study!
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Structures that you should study!
Flexor and extensor retinacula (of wrist and ankle)Without these, muscle tendons would bow -string and
make it very difficult to perform their function.
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