Post on 09-Jan-2016
description
Murrumbidgee Basin OzNet Station Update
Rodger Young - Field Research EngineerRodger Young - Field Research Engineer
Responsible for :Responsible for : - site installation - site installation
- data acquisition- data acquisition
- site maintenance- site maintenance
- laboratory studies- laboratory studies
3RD NAFE Workshop – University of Melbourne, Sept 2007
OzNet Station Location
MurrumbidgeeCatchment
Murray-DarlingBasin
Melbourne
MurrumbidgeeCatchment Topography
( 13 sites)
Cooma Aerodrome
Adelong Creek
Kyeamba Creek
Yanco Site
Griffith Aerodrome
Balranald Site
Original ‘Old’ CS615 Monitoring Stations
The original 18 - CS615 field monitoring stations were installed in spring 2001. The sites were chosen to cover the whole catchment with intensive study groupings of 5 sites in each of the Adelong and Kyeamba Creek sub-catchments.
Later ‘New’ CS616 Monitoring Stations
An additional 20 - CS616 field monitoring stations were installed in spring 2004 with a view to recording satellite ground truthing data.The two grouped locations chosen were:
• within the Kyeamba Creek sub-catchment• and in the Yanco district.
Three Instrumented Areas
Yanco area(2500 km2)
KyeambaCreekcatchment(600 km2)
AdelongCreekcatchment(100 km2)
Murrumbidgee RiverCatchment(1000002 km)
Kyeamba Creek ‘New’ CS616 Sites
K6
K10
K8
K14
Yanco District ‘New’ CS616 Sites
Y9
Y2 Y4
Y11
Sites approximating tothis grid arrangement
60km
60k
m
Measurement Validation for Old CS615 Monitoring Stations
CS615 Measurement Validation- TDR sensors were installed as an aid to CS615 calibration- Soil temperature sensors were installed as the CS615 signal is temp dependent- Gravimetric sampling was attempted at each depth
CS615 General Soil Moisture Calibration Relationship
0.4 N
N = (P25 – P0.0) / (P0.4 - P0.0)
Western and Seyfried
Where the temperature corrected (to 25oC) period measurement of the sensor is obtained from :
P25 = [Pobs – o(T – 25)] / [ 1 + s(T – 25)]
Where s is the slope and o is the offset of the temperature correction function for each site :
CT = sP25 + o
CS615 General Soil Moisture
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
0.000 0.200 0.400 0.600 0.800 1.000 1.200 1.400 1.600
Normalised Period
Mea
sure
d V
olu
met
ric
So
il M
ois
ture
(%
)
Series1
Series2
The figure shows a plot of the optimal normalised period N against measured soil moisture from all sites. From the high R2 value of 0.95 and low RMS error of 2.5%v/v, the fit is acceptable.
Measurement Validation forNew CS616 Monitoring Stations
CS616 Measurement Validation- TDR was installed as an aid to CS615 calibration- Temperature sensor installed at 15cm only- Bulk sampling for Laboratory calibration study and soil particle analysis- Gravimetric sampling was attempted
CS616 General Soil Moisture Calibration RelationshipN for N <=
N –
Rudiger
Kyeamba Soil Yanco 1 Soil Yanco 2 Soil Goulburn Fine Soil *
0.720 0.490 0.380 0.277
0.763 1.353 1.670 1.453
0.342 0.334 0.411 0.407
RMS 3.5%v/v 2.6%v/v 6.7%v/v %v/v
Dr Chris Rudiger 2007*
Soil Specific Curve Kyeamba CreekThis figure shows the plot of the optimal normalised period N against measured TDR soil moisture from sites within the Kyeamba Creek catchment. From the low RMS error value, the fit is acceptable.
Kyeamba Sites Normalised
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0N
TD
R M
ois
ture
Co
nte
nt
%v/
v
k6
k7
k8
k10
k11
k12
k13
k14
[q]
Rudiger
RMS 3.5%v/v
Three sites outside the main grouping (X) need further investigation.
Soil Specific Curves Yanco Type1 SoilsThis figure shows the plot of the optimal normalised period N against measured TDR soil moisture from type1 soil sites within the Yanco district. From the low RMS error value, the fit is acceptable.
Must be noted that points from seven sites fell outside the main grouping and need further investigation ( shown here as Xs ).
Yanco Type1 Soil Sites Normalised
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2N
TD
R M
ois
ture
Co
nte
nt
%v/
v
y1
y2
y4
y5
y6
y7
y8
y9
y10
y11
y12
y13
[q]
Rudiger
Curve fitted to closely grouped soil points - Yanco Type1 (O) with RMS 2.6%v/v.The remaining soil points - Yanco Type2 (X)
Soil Specific Curves Yanco Type2 SoilsThis figure shows the plot of the optimal normalised period N against measured TDR soil moisture from type2 soil sites within the Yanco district.
Yanco Type2 Soil Sites Normalised
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2N
TD
R M
ois
ture
Co
nte
nt
%v/
v
y1
y2
y4
y5
y6
y7
y8
y9
y10
y11
y12
y13
Rudiger
[q]
Curve fitted to Yanco Type2 soil points (O) gave RMS 6.7%v/v.
CS616 Calibration Issues• The extended drought period over the time of the
Murrumbidgee study has made it difficult to collect undisturbed gravimetric samples from the hard dry clay soils, especially for 60-90cm.
• Instead, bulk soil samples have been collected for laboratory calibration studies.
• Soil temperature was only measured at a mean depth for the 0-30cm sensors therefore estimates were made for the temperatures at the 30-60cm and 60-90cm sensors using a simple ratio from the nearest site where temperatures at all depths were recorded.
Plans for Improvements to CS616 Calibration Relationship
• Laboratory study of CS616 responses using bulk soil samples which have been collected from the sites for the corresponding 0-30cm, 30-60cm and 60-90cm sensor depths. Unfortunately a time consuming procedure.
• Have recently received back the results of soil particle analysis to allow accurate grouping into soil types.
• Soil salinity testing will be carried out to further study sensor response issues.
OzNet Data- Records from 38 Murrumbidgee sites
- Bureau of Meteorology Data
- Kyeamba Flux Station Data
Soil Moisture, Rainfall, Ground Water
BOM stations : Yanco, Narrandera, Wagga Waggaplus at all of the original 18 Old Sites
UoM Flux Station : K10
Example of Yanco Soil MoistureY1 Spring 2006
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1-Sep-06 8-Sep-06 15-Sep-06 22-Sep-06 29-Sep-06 6-Oct-06 13-Oct-06 20-Oct-06 27-Oct-06 3-Nov-06 10-Nov-06 17-Nov-06 24-Nov-06
Date
So
il T
emp
( °
C )
So
il M
ois
ture
(%
v/v)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
20m
in R
ain
fall
(m
m)
SOIL TEMP_15cm SM_0-5_%v/v SM_0-30_%v/v SM_30-60_%v/v SM_60-90_%v/v 20MIN RAINFALL
NAFE 06
Bureau of Meteorology Data
Forcing Data Available :
- Rainfall- Air Temperature- Specific Humidity- Wind Speed- Short Wave Radiation- Long Wave Radiation
Kyeamba Creek Flux Station
3D sonic anemometer & open path gas analyser for LE & H, 3m above ground: 10Hz measurements, 30min averages recorded
Barometric pressure sensor: 1 reading per hourAir temperature & relative humidity probe, 2m above ground: 30min averages recordedWind direction and speed: 30min averages recordedTipping rain gauge bucket: 30min totals recorded4-way radiometer, incoming & outgoing shortwave & longwave radiation: 30min averages recorded
Below the Ground
30cm
60cm
90cm
8cm
(Not to scale)
CS615 Soil Moisture Probes: Measuring every 30 mins
Soil heat flux plates: 30min averages recorded
5cm10cm2cm
20cm
50cm
100cm
Soil temperature probes: Measuring every 30 mins
Eddy Covariance Data Sample
Heat Fluxes - Kyeamba Creek
-1000
100200300400500600700800
340 341 342 343 344 345Julian Days
Wm
-2
Latent (LE)Sensible (H)
Murrumbidgee Basin OzNet Station Update
Rodger Young - Field Research EngineerRodger Young - Field Research Engineer
Responsible for :Responsible for : - site installation - site installation
- data acquisition- data acquisition
- site maintenance- site maintenance
- laboratory studies- laboratory studies
3RD NAFE Workshop – University of Melbourne, Sept 2007