Post on 17-Feb-2019
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MultiMulti--component Nanoparticle component Nanoparticle Based Lubricant Additive to Improve Based Lubricant Additive to Improve Efficiency And Durability in EnginesEfficiency And Durability in Engines
Dr. Dr. Atanu AdhvaryuAtanu Adhvaryu (PI)(PI)Caterpillar Inc.Caterpillar Inc.
“This presentation does not contain any proprietary or confidential information”
DOE VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM ANNUAL MERIT REVIEWFeb 27, 2008Feb 27, 2008
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• Purpose of work• Barriers• Approach• Performance Measures and
Accomplishments• Plans for Next Fiscal Year• Summary
OutlineOutline
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Purpose of WorkPurpose of Work
Material selection criteria for improving boundary lubrication at the asperity contact zone
Designing of active nano particulate lubricant. Size and pressure sensitive architecture capable of delivering stable transfer layer
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Prevent progressive wear, lower friction and improve efficiency and durability in engines
Additive system for lubricants that will minimize sulfur and phosphorus content and lower ash forming elements
Advanced lubrication technology for cleaner emission
BarriersBarriers
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ApproachApproach
Very close communication/consultation with team members
Nano LubricantDevelopment
Bench-top Friction & Wear
Testing
CharacterizationWorn surfaceComposition & Chemistry
Component levelTesting
Phase 2
Phase 1
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ApproachApproachTop down particle architecture
Multi-component
Surface stabilization and dispersion
Advanced 2-phase nanomaterial
MS2 nano tube IF-MS2 (fullerene structure)
Conventional nanomaterials
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Nanoparticles entering most intricate geometries
abrasive particles
sheared transfer layers arranged on the surface for boundary layer lubrication
At high load few nanoparticles will shear into intrinsic layers and few will trap abrasive wear particles
10 nm
Particles are not depleted in low load environment
Lubrication ProcessLubrication Process
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Identify a manufacturing friendly process for nanoparticle development
Develop a parametric window for particle generation with reasonable particle size distribution
Transfer layer mechanism of nanoparticles in tribological system
Physical / chemical understanding of particle stabilization
Technical Accomplishments Technical Accomplishments (till date)(till date)
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Processing methodEffect of environmentMorphology and shapeSurface energyStabilization
Particle ArchitectureParticle Architecture
Particle size distribution
Particle size w/time
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0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
270 275 280 285 290 295 300
Binding Energy (eV)
Cou
nts/
Sec
As-available particle
48 hrs unstabilized particle
48 hrs stabilized particle
48 hrs stabilized particle-Centrifu.
287.1 & 287.5 eV for C-O & C=O peaks
289.1 eV for O-C=O peak
XPS analysisXPS analysis
Unstabilized nanoparticle in oil
Stabilized nanoparticle in oil
Particle StabilityParticle Stability
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Technical AdvantagesTechnical Advantages
Absence of dangling bond: makes them chemically inert (oxidn & thermal)
Nanometric size: allows them to easily enter the contact area
Weak inter-planner bonds: delamination under high contact stress
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Pressure sensitive architecture
Exfoliation of external lamellar sheet
Transfer of lamellar sheet (active component) to the contact zone
Hertzian contact(pressure and shearing)
Lubrication MechanismLubrication Mechanism
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0.000
0.020
0.040
0.060
0.080
0.100
MoS2-h
ybrid C1 C2 C3
MoS2+
C2(Hy)
MoS2+
C2(Hy1
)
Mea
n C
oeff
of fr
ictio
n
Tribology of nanoTribology of nano--lubricantslubricantsBOR wear test; unidirectionalBOR wear test; unidirectional
0.000
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.010
0.012
2-comp (w
/B) C1 C2 C3MoS2+
C2(Hy)MoS2+
C2(Hy1)
Mea
n W
ear V
ol (m
m3)
Nano materials highly effective in reducing friction & wear
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Project milestones Oct'07 - Dec'07 Jan'08 - Mar'08 Apr'08 - Jun'08 Jul'08 - Sep'08 Oct'08 - Dec'08 Jan'09 - Mar'09 Apr'09 - Jun'09 Jul'09 - Sep'09 Selection of application specif ic chemical components for active nanoparticle system Design, develop and optimization of process parameters for active multi-component nanolubricant materials
Project kickoff(October 1, 2007)
♣
♦♥
♠
♣ Primary particle identification
♦ Process
♥ Film transfer mechanism
♠ Stabilization
(Feb 2008)
Accomplishments & Milestones Accomplishments & Milestones (till date)(till date)
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Technology to reduce friction and mechanical energy losses in engine: potentially improve efficiencyEnvironmental benefits by reducing green house gases and other emissions due to decreased fuel consumptionOffers a roadmap to more eco-friendly technology with potential for low SAPSProcess scale-up, cost analysis and nano-manufacturing considerations for product realization (included in project task)
Technology TransferTechnology Transfer
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Continue material selection criteria for improving lubrication (Mar’08)
Organic-inorganic material selectionRight boundary film chemical selection
Continue designing of active nanomaterials (Jul’08)Enhance particle architectureOptimize process conditionsOptimize particle stabilization and dispersion mechanism
Systematic physical and chemical characterization (Jul’08)
Lab testing to validate lubrication characteristics (Sep’08)Design test method & post-test analysis
Future WorkFuture Work (milestone date)
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Advanced lubrication for engine with potential to reduce friction and wear characteristics and low SAPSNovel nanomaterial based technology with active organic-inorganic particle architectureIdentified a manufacture friendly process for nano-particle generation. Understand transfer layer mechanism and particle stabilization processOffers a nanomaterial technology for low friction / wear in engine with cost and scale-up analysisContinue material selection and optimize design process. Lab validation of lubrication characteristics of active nanomaterials
SummarySummary