M Phil Synopsis Seminar

Effect of dietary selenium supplementation on body score and growth performance of male and female goats

Under Kind Supervision of

Dr. Mool Chand MalhiAssistant Professor

Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry

ByNabi B. Solangi

M Phil Scholar

SELENIUM

IntroductionAbsorption and metabolismFunctionsSelenoproteinsDeficienciesEffect on growth performance

(Krzyzewski et al., 2014).

Selenium | Introduction

Selenium is an essential trace element for maintenance of normal

physiological process

Anti-inflammatory responses

Immunological

Endocrinological

Antioxidative

Selenium found in organic and inorganic forms, mainly inorganic form is used in animal diets

(e.g. Sodium Selenite or selanate).

(Yue et al., 2009).

Selenium | Introduction

Selenium found in organic and inorganic forms, mainly inorganic form is used in animal diets (e.g. Sodium Selenite or selanate).

However in ruminants the absorption of inorganic selenium is much lower.

Ruminants = 34% (sheep), Non ruminants = 85% (swine)

(Yue et al., 2009).

Selenium | Introduction

Absorption Metabolism

Sodium Selenite Se+4

Selenite Radical Se+4

Selenide Se-2 Excretion Urine, sweat etc

Passive diffusionRelease of free radical

Selenomethionine in SY Se-2

Selenomethionine Se-2

Active Transportation

Selenocystine Se-2

Selenocystine in SY Se-2

Selenoprotein/ Body Proteins muscle, milk, egg etc

GSH-Px,SeP, SeW

+ Cysteine

Active Transport, Direct use

Absorption and Metabolism

Selenoproteins | GPX activityGlutathione peroxidase (GPXs),Thioredoxin reductase (TRs),Iodothyronine deiodinase (TRs),

as well as two selenoproteins

Selenoprotein P (SeP) andSelenoproteins W (SeW).

(J. Krzyzewski et al., 2014; Ahmed et al., 2016)).

• Mentioned together with GSH• The enzyme (GPXs) found in liver, kidney, lungs, pancreas, spleen, skeletal muscle and GIT.

• Protects cell from oxidative damage

• Integral part of antioxidation system• Prevent toxic effects of oxidants, e.g. Hydrogen per oxide (produced as a natural product during oxygen metabolism)

Functions• Prevent peroxidation• Immunity • Neuro-physiological function• Fertility• Maintenance of pregnancy• Act of parturition • Neonatal growth.

(J. Krzyzewski et al., 2014)

Selenium Deficiency• Deficiency of selenium can lead to miscarriages, early

embryonic death and spermatogenesis disorders in bulls.

And it also causes…….• Infertility• Loss of pregnancy (early embryonic death)• Retention of placenta• Neonatal weakness• Clinical symptoms of WMD (usually observed in kids).

(Ramirez-Bribiesca et al., 2005; Krzyzewski et al., 2014).

(Yue et al., 2009).

Growth Performance

Selenium

Growth

Biosynthesis of selenoproteins

Reproduction

Health

Growth performance

ed protein and energy intake

ed carcass fat + Muscle mass

internal fat

Goats fed HC diet out on more fat on GIT Goats usually deposit

Important

More

Colomer-Rocher et al., 1992; Kirton 1988

Less

Sub cutanious+intramuscular

Hango et al., 2007

PRESENT STUDY

HypothesisObjectivesBrief methodology andImplications of study.

Hypothesis

We hypothesized that increasing Se level in HC-diet

May increase tissue Seconc., and thus GSH-Px, which may ultimately reduce the oxidativestress.

HC + Se supplemented goats get better growthrate thus body weight gainincreases as compareto the control group and HC diet.

Selenium

ObjectivesThe object of the present study is to compare effect of HC, LC,

HCS and LCS diets on:

• Growth performance• Physiological variables• And to evaluate economics

of selenium supplemented male and female goats (no.=20).

Brief Methodology

• Experimental Animals: 20 young cross bred female goats (4 mo, 12-13 kg BW)

• Place of study: Livestock Experimental Station, Department of Livestock, Faculty of AHVS, SAU Tando Jam, Pak.

• Adaptation Period: 2 weeks• Experimental design: Five groups

LC (F)= Low concentrate diet, concentrate: Roughage ratio (35:65)HC (F)= High concentrate diet, concentrate: Roughage ratio (65:35)HCS (F)= HC diet supplemented with selenium yeast (SY) @ 0.3 mg Se/kg. diet.

LC (M)= Low concentrate diet, concentrate: Roughage ratio (35:65) LCS (M)= HC diet supplemented with selenium yeast (SY) @ 0.3 mg Se/kg. diet.

• Experimental period: 10 Weeks

Brief Methodology

Adaptation Experimental Period

Weeks

Slaughtering, Sampling, Measurements and Analyses

Slaughtering

Carcass characterstics

Feed intake= feed offered – refusal

Parameters | Growth performance

BCS BW FCR

Initial and final BCS

Lumber regionRibsSternum

Average BW on weekly basis

Average daily gain (ADG)Dry matter intake (DMI)Gain efficiency of each goat

FCR =ADG/DMI

Wt. gain = F W – I W

FCR

BCS 1 to 5

Parameters

Physiological variables Economics

Body TemperaturePulse rateRespiratory rate

Per KG expenditure will be calculated to analyze:

Expenditure Implementation of the research Feasibility report

Implications of the study

The research we are going to conduct will be helpful to….

• Improve production (i.e. milk, meat, calving interval)• Formulate balanced diet• Get rid of deficiency syndromes• Make feasibility report for goat farming

Thanks for your interest….

Your Suggestions......

Solangi, M Phil (Pursuing)

drmubasher@hotmail.com