Movements in plants

Based on its stimulus the movement In plants are

grouped into three:

1. Hygroscopic Movement 2. Endogenous Movement 3. Exogenous Movement/ Etinom

HYGROSCOPIC MOVEMENT:• This is the movement of part of plant

that is caused by the influence of the change of the water level from its cells so happens non-homogeneous wrinkling.

• Example: the breaking of driedKalanchoe Pinnata fruit. • The opening of sporangium in fernas the cause of wrinkling annulus cells.

Endogenous movement(autonomic)

• It is movements that is not known yet it causes suddenly but predicted that this motion is caused by stimulus that comes from the body of plant itself.

• Example:The flowing movement of cytoplasm

in cell.The blending movement of leaf bid

because of difference of growth velocity.

Exogenous movement:etionom/esionom

It is plant movement that is caused by external stimulus.

External stimulus such as: Light, gravity, water, touch and

chemical substances .

The various kind of exogenous movement in plants:

Tropism movementNastic movement Taxis movement

Tropism movement:• It is the movement of part of plants

to stimulus that is movement direction is determined by stimulus.

• Kinds of tropism1. Phototropism 2. Geotropism

3. Chemotropism4. Thigmotropism5. hydrotropism

Phototropism :• It is tropism movement that is caused by stimulus of light.

• Examples the tip of plant that lie in the room will bend to the direction of incident of light.

Geotropism : • It is tropism movement that follows

earth gravitational force.• Positive geotropism: geotropism

movement that its direction is downwards.

• Negative geotropism: geotropism movement that its direction is upwards.

Chemotropism • Tropism movement that is caused by

chemical substances stimulus.

• Example: the movement of roots

toward the fertilizer in the soil.

Thigmotropism:• It is tropism movement that is

caused by stimulus of touch to the harder thing.

• Example: Tendril of plant movement.

Hydrotropism:• It is the movement of the pant root

that is influenced by reservation of soil water.

Nastic movement:• It is plant movement to stimulus, that its

direction is not determined by stimulus but by plant itself.

• Kinds if nastic movements:1. Photonasty2. Nictinasty3. Thigmonasty4. Thermonasty5. Complex nasty.

Photonastic:• Nasty movement caused by stimulus

of light.

• Example:• the opening of Mirabilis Jalapa

flower at certain time.

Nictinasty:• Nasty movement that is caused by

dark condition.• Example: the closing of compound leaves

of Leucaena Leucocephala at night.

THIGHMONASTY / SEISMONASTY• Nasty movement that is caused by

stimulus of touch. • example: the closing of Mimosa Pudica

when touched

THERMONASTY:• Nasty movement that is caused by

temperature stimulus.• Example: tulip flower will bloom if the

temperature rises.

COMPLEX NASTY:• Nasty movement caused by several

factors all together.• Example:• the opening and closing of

stomata is influenced by light , chemical substances , and water.

TAXIS MOVEMENT:• Transfer movement of all parts of

plants to stimulus that its direction is determined by stimulus.

• Kinds of taxis movements• Photo taxis• chemo taxis

Photo taxis:• Taxis movement that is caused by

stimulus of light.• Example :• the movement of the

chlorophyll to the surface of the leaves to get the light.

CHEMO TAXIS:• Taxis movement that is caused by

chemical substance stimulus.• Example:• movement of spermatozoid

of moss and fern to ovum that is found in archeogonium attached to the sugar or protein that is produced by archeogonium .

Done by Haniya Hedayth

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