Monochromatic Plane-polarized radiation

Light through different mediums

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

Spectroscopic Methods

Superposition - interference

Superposition resulting in a beat pattern

sine waves to square waves

Waves through a slit

More on diffraction

Refraction

Emission Spectrum

X-Ray Emission

Energy Level Diagram

Blackbody Radiation

Absorption Spectra

Energy Level with Fluorescence

Basis of Absorption

Photometer

Spec 20 type readout