MONGOL EMPIREMongols were a pastoral people from the region of modern day Mongolia .•They were organized loosely into clans.

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Temujin – gradually unified the Mongols.1206 the Mongols elected a leader named

Temujin as the Genghis Khan “strong ruler”- he devoted himself to conquest.

He moved his troops into the quasi-Chinese Chin-ruled north China in 1211 and 1234 they destroyed the capital city.

Mongols brought much of the Eurasian landmass under a single rule, creating the largest land empire in history.

Mongol armies traveled both to the west and to the east. Some went as far as central Europe.

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AFTER THE DEATH OF GENGHIS KHAN IN 1227The empire began to change.The united Genghis Khan empire was divided

into territories called KHANATES each under the rule.

1231 – Mongols attacked Persia and then 1258- defeated the Abbasids at Baghdad

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THE MONGOL DYNASTY IN CHINAKUBLAI KHAN –(Genghis Khan’s grandson)

completed the conquest of the Song and established a new Chinese dynasty, the Yuan.

He ruled China from 1279 -1294.Established his capital at Khanbaliq (“the city

of the Khan”) in northern China. Later the city would be known by Chinese name Beijing.

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KUBLAI KHAN LEADERSHIPDynasty continued to expand the empire. Conquered Vietnam.

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GOVERNMENTAdapted Chinese system of government.He abolished the civil service examsEstablished separate rules for the Mongols

and for the Chinese.Confucian principles.

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THE RISE OF THE JAPANESE STATEJapan is a chain of many islands.Land Area: approx. 146,000sq miles or

378,000sq km.Main Islands: (a) Hokkaido (b) Honshu (c) Kyushu (d) Shikoku

Shotoku Taishi – the prince of the Yamato clan, tried to unify the various Japanese clans in order to more effectively resist an invasion by the Chinese.

Shotoku’s Accomplishments:Created a centralized government under a

supreme ruler; ruler portrayed as divine.

LEADERS OF EARLY ASIALeader: Genghis Khan Place of Origin: MongoliaAccomplishment(s):1. Brought entire Eurasian landmass under his

control.2. Created largest land empire in history.

Leader: Kublai KhanPlace of Origin: MongoliaAccomplishment:1. established Khanbaliq, conquered the Song

dynasty in China and invaded Vietnam temporarily and Java, Sumatra, and Japan unsuccessfully.

Leader: Shotoku TaishiPlace of Origin: JapanAccomplishments:Created centralized government under a

supreme ruler; ruler portrayed as divine.

Leader: Minamoto YoritomoPlace of Origin: JapanAccomplishments:Created shogunate and moved center of

control to Tokyo.