Turn to pg. 36 and, in your notes, record what you observe in the painting

ART HISTORY

What can you infer about the setti ng of the painting?

What details in the painting give you an idea of the role of religion in the society?

ART HISTORY

CHAPTER 1:EUROPEAN RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATION

Secti on 1

ITALY: BIRTHPLACE OF THE RENAISSANCE

• The Italian Renaissance was a rebirth of learning that produced many great works of art and literature

Main Idea

• Renaissance art and literature still influence modern though and modern art

Why It Matters Now

• Renaissance• Humanism• Secular• Patron• Perspective• Vernacular

Terms & Names to Know

BACKGROUND INFO.

The Late Middle Ages…

= war, plague, and DEATH

Questi on the insti tuti ons that caused the war (ahem…the church) and want to celebrate life

Renaissance 1300-1600Explosion of creativity

in art, writing, and thought

“rebirth” Meant to bring back the

past, but led to the creation of new art and ideas

Spreads from Northern Italy into the rest of Europe

ITALY’S ADVANTAGE

1. City-states Urban Able to share ideas Plague hits in 1300

60% of population dies

Supply & Demand: those left can demand higher wages

Economic change, wealthy merchant middle class develops and has time and money to spend on art

WHY ITALY?, #1

Merchant Class Merchant class in small

cities were able to participate in politics

Earned rank by “wits” Belief in individual

achievement

The Medicis Florence’s ruling family,

bankers Cosimo de Medici (30

years) Lorenzo de Medici

WHY ITALY?, #2

Classical Heritage Snobs about medieval art Inspiration from Roman

ruins Studied Latin manuscriptsGreek manuscripts enter

Rome in 1493

WHY ITALY?, #3

Compare this example of Medieval Art to the painting on pg. 36

COMPREHENSION CHECK

What three advantages fostered the

Renaissance in Italy?

Thriving cities

A wealthy merchant

class The heritage of Greece and Rome

Term Meaning Examples

Renaissance

Humanism

Secular

Patron

FOCUS ON VOCABULARY

Term Meaning Examples

Renaissance rebirth New interest in classical Greece and Rome

Humanism Focus on people and their achievements

Art and literature were valued and encouraged

Secular Concerned with the here and now

Some church leaders lived in mansions and wore expensive clothes

Patron A person who supports the arts The Medici family in Italy

FOCUS ON VOCABULARY

Classics Lead to HumanismHumanism –

intellectual movement focused on human achievements

Studied classical texts, history, literature, philosophy

CLASSICAL AND WORLDLY VALUES

Renaissance society was secular – worldlyWealthy enjoyed fine food, homes, clothes

WORLDLY PLEASURES

Medieval Church Renaissance Church

Patron – a financial supporter of artists

Church leaders spend money on artworks to beautify cities

Wealthy merchants also patrons of the artsportraits, public places

PATRON OF THE ARTS

Excels in many field; the classics, art, politics, combat

Baldassare Castiglione’s The Courtier (1528)

The book teaches how to become a “universal” person

THE RENAISSANCE MAN

Upper-class, educated in classics, charming

Expected to inspire art but not create it

Isabella d’Este, patron of artists, wields power in Mantua

THE RENAISSANCE WOMAN

Artistic Styles ChangeUse a realistic, classical

style to show religious subjects

Use perspective (3-D on a flat surface)

REVOLUTION IN ART

Realistic Painting and SculpturePortraits of

prominent citizensNatural postures and

expressionsBiblical David is a

favorite subject

REVOLUTION IN ART

Leonardo da Vinci Painter, sculptor,

inventor, scientistPaintings:

The Mona Lisa The Last Supper

LEONARDO DA VINCIRENAISSANCE MAN

Raphael Sanzio Famous for his use

of perspective Favorite Subject

The Madonna and child

Famous Painting School of Athens

RAPHAEL SANZIOREALISM

Sofonisba Anguissola First woman artist to

gain world renownArtemisia Gentileschi

Paints strong, heroic women

RENAISSANCE LADIES REPRESENT

Secti on 1

Complete your Entrance S l ip/Bel l R inger

CHAPTER 1

New Trends in WritingWrite in vernacular –

the native languagePurpose:1. Self-expression2. To Portray

Individuality of the subject

RENAISSANCE WRITERS CHANGE LITERATURE

Dante Alighieri

Petrarch “Father of Renaissance

Humanism”Poet

BoccaccioThe Decameron

RENAISSANCE WRITERS

Niccolo MachiavelliThe Prince

Political guidebook How rulers can gain and

keep power Assumed that people are

selfish, fickle, and corrupt Feared vs. Loved

“It is bett er to be feared than loved” - Machiavelli

MACHIAVELLI’S THE PRINCE

Woman writer with great influence

Poems expressed personal emotions (gasp!)Most were poems

composed to her husband

VITTORIA COLONNA

Secti on 2

THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

Main Idea: In the 1400s, the idea of the Italian

Renaissance began to spread to Northern Europe

Why it Matters: Renaissance ideas such as the importance of the individual are a strong

part of modern thought

Terms and Names: - utopia, William Shakespeare, Johann

Gutenburg

Glue the provided map into your notes for future usage!!!!

Pay att ention and follow directions when the teacher lady asks you to!

!!!!!

ADD THAT MAP!

THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE BEGINS

Why does the Renaissance spread to Northern Europe?

1. Visitors from N. Europe are impressed by the spirit of the Italian Renaissance

2. Hundred Years’ War ends in 1453 = growth of cities

3. Merchants grow wealthy and sponsor artists

4. England and France’s monarchs are art patrons

King Francis I of France hires Italians to renovate his hunting lodge/castle FontainebleauSharif isn’t so sure about that though…

WHY DID THE RENAISSANCE SPREAD?

But I hear the interior

looks something

l ike this…

Francis I used his castle as a picture gallery

Northern traditi ons mixed with Renaissance ideasArtists are interested in

realismHumanists develop

ideas for social reformBased off of Judeo-

Christian values

RENAISSANCE IDEAS SPREAD

Renaissance Styles Migrate North

Artists and writers move to northern Europe to escape war in Italy (1494)

German PaintersAlbrecht Durer ’s

woodcuts and engravings emphasize realism

Hans Holbein the Younger Paints portraits

ARTISTIC IDEAS SPREAD

Flanders is the artistic center of Northern Europe

Jan van Eyck Pioneer in oil-based

paintingRealistic and reveal

subject’s personality

FLEMISH PAINTERS

Pieter BruegelCaptures scenes of

peasant life with realistic details

FLEMISH PAINTERS

Criticize the Catholic Church Start Christian

humanismWant to reform

society and promote educationParticularly for women

NORTHERN HUMANISTS

Daily Agenda1. Pantheon pictures2. “Engineering an

Empire” video3. Chapter 1 Notes Homework – Due

Tomorrow1. Read 1.42. Finish 1.4 reading

packet

THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 25TH

When the Renaissance spread to England (mid-1500s) and Queen Elizabeth I reigned1558-1603Well-educatedWrote poetry & music Supported art and

literature

THE ELIZABETHAN AGE

Most famous writer of Elizabethan AgePlaywright and poet,

performances at the Globe Theater in London

Renaissance: Revered the classics Understanding of human

beings

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

THE PRINTING PRESS

Gutenburg's Printi ng Press

1440, Gutenburg creates the printi ng pressFirst book to be mass produced = the Bible Inexpensive enough for many to be able to purchase a book

Luther Leads the Reformati on

SECTION 3

Causes of ReformationSocial• Humanism &

secularism led people to question the Church

• The printing press helps ideas spread

Political• Monarchs

challenge the Church

• Pope as a foreign ruler

Economic• European

monarch jealous of Church’s wealth

• Merchants resent tithes (church taxes)

Religious• Some leaders

corrupt• Indulgences

are unacceptable to some

1483 – 1546Entered the monastery,

but always felt sinfulBelief = faith alone is the

key to salvati onOpposed indulgences95 Theses –

Complaints against the Church

Posted them to a church door for debate

Printed (thanks Gutenberg)

MARTIN LUTHER CHALLENGES THE CHURCH

SYNTHESIS ACTIVITY