Post on 13-Jan-2016
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MODELLING THE FEEDBACKS BETWEEN PHYTOPLANKTON AND GLOBAL OCEAN PHYSICS 1Max-Planck-Institut fr Biogeochemie, Jena, Germany.2University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.Manfredi Manizza1,2, C. Le Qur 1, A. J. Watson2,E. Buitenhuis1
PHYTOPLANKTON-LIGHT-HEAT INTERACTION
FROM TROPICAL TO GLOBAL 1) An OGCM (OPA) on global configuration: 0.5 - 1.5 x 2.0 (Lat x Lon) 1.5 order TKE Model. Gent-McWilliams eddy-mixing.2) An ocean biogeochemistry model (Dynamic Green Ocean Model) : Diatoms and Coccolithophores and Nanophytoplankton. Micro and Mesozooplankton. Co-limitation of light,P, Si and Fe.3) A Sea-Ice model (LIM) Tropical Studies: Nakamoto et al. (2000, 2001); Murtugudde et al. (2002) OGCM + Satellite derived Chlorophyll Off-line forcing NO FEEDBACKS !!Ocean Surface
INCLUDING THE BIOLOGYK() = LIGHT EXTINCTION COEFFICIENTREDBLUE/GREENINFRAREDPaulson & Simpson Model (JPO,1977)Morel Model (JGR,1988)[Chl]tot = [Chl]diatom + [Chl]cocco + [Chl]nano
Monthly MaximumTHE MODELLED BIO-FORCING (mg m-3)Monthly AverageSURFACE [Chl]
PENETRATION DEPTH (Zpen)IoZpenZpen = (ez I (z) dz)/Io Average(m)Zpen Visible Light = 23 m
TROPICS
Average SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE C TEMPERATURE C
MLD & u(surf)Average(m)
TROPICS TO SUB-TROPICS
TROPICS/SUBTROPICS INTERACTION EquatorSubtropicsSubtropics+PO4-MLD+u+TPP
TOTALPRIMARYPRODUCTIONgC m-2 yr-1
MONTHLY AVERAGE DEPTH
HIGH LATITUDES
SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE Monthly Maximum C
EFFECTS ON SEA-ICE (AVERAGE) %ICEN = -0.17 * [Chl]surf %ICES = -1.3 * [Chl]surf%(Ice fraction)Sea-iceOceanSunPhytoplankton
GLOBAL
ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE Total Chl (mg m-3)Diatoms (%)Coccolithophores (%)Nanophyto (%) AVERAGE
IMPACT ON OCEAN CARBON CYCLE
CONCLUSIONS Different and Regional Modifications: SST, MLD, CURRENTS, SEA-ICE. OCEAN PHYSICS ECOSYSTEM & OCEAN BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OCEAN CARBON CYCLE. Global OBGCM Tropics and Interaction Tropics/Subtropics & High Latitudes. Phytoplankton presence affects light and heat penetration in the ocean.
Dynamic Green Ocean Model(Buitenhuis et al.,in prep.)
In the Community Land Model, vegetation is not represented as biomes (e.g., savanna) but rather as patches of plant functional types (e.g., grasses, trees).