Post on 02-Apr-2018
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Overview on Mini/Micro Hydro (Technology,Issues and Subsidy Policy 2013)
Er. Pashupati Pd. KhatriElectrical Engineer, Nepal
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Topics
Components of Mini/Micro Hydro Subsidy Policy for Pico/Micro/Mini Hydro
Issues Lesson Learned
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Ecological Regions
Indian Plains
Terai Siwal ik h i l l s
Midd le h i l l s
High Mounta ins
High
Himalayas
Tibetan Plateau
67 m amsl
8848 m ams l
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Classification
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Micro-Hydro
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COMPONENTS OF MINI-MICRO HYDRO POWER PROJECTS
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Components of Micro Hydro Project
Civil Components Mechanical Components Electrical Components Transmission/Distribution
Network
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Electrical + Mechanical
Electro-mechanical Component
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Overview
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MHP MHP Components
N
Forbay
T a i l r
a c e
Penstock Pipe
Power House
W E I R
S p i l w
a y
C a n a l
R i v e r / K h o l a
S p i l w
a y
Anchor Block
Anchor Block
Support Pier K h o l s a
C r o s s i n g
H e a d r a c e C a n a l D e s
i l t i n g B
a s i n
Major Civil Com ponents Of M icro Hydro Schem e
Intake
WeirCanal
CrossingForebay
Anchor Block
Support Piers
Power House
Tailrace
Source
Spill way
Trashrack
Spillway
Civil Components of Micro Hydro
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Weir and Intake
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Desilting Basin
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Correct: Low velocity throught width, no turbulence
Incorrect: High velocity in centre stream and turbulence in corners
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Desilting Basin
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Canal
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Forebay
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Support Structures
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Powerhouse and Tailrace
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Power House & Load Center
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MHP MHP Components
400/11000V,15kVA
L.T.LightningArrestor
R
Y
B
N
Forbay
Anchor Block
Expansion Joint
Air Vent Pipe
Support Pire
Anchor Block
Penstock Pipe
ELC Board
Generator
Turbine
Trasrack
Power House
Electro Mechanical Components Of Micro Hydro Scheme
H.T.LineL.T. Line
T.Plate form
MCCB
H.T.LightningArrestor
Drop-outFuse
Transformer(T1)
GroundLevel
DangerPlate
Penstock pipe
TransmissionLine
Transformer
ELC
Earthing
Generator
Turbine
Electro-Mechanical Components of Micro Hydro
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Electro-Mechanical Eqpts.
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Turbine
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T15, 400 D, x-flow turbine
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Net Head: 17.5mFlow: 918l/s
Turb.speed : 418rpmWt: 1280 kgPower: 120kW mech.Size: 400d, 800w
Solu Khola MHP, Tuintar (100 kW)
Designed by: United technical SupportService (P.) LtdManufactured by: Balaju Yantra Shala (P.)Ltd
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IGC/ELC/Governor
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MHP MHP Components
Transmission/Distribution Network
Powerhouse
Transmission
Line
DistributionLine
Service LineHouse wiring
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Transmission/Distribution
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Thalari Gad, Bajhang (65 kW)
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Lower Taman Khola, Baglung (100 kW)
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MHP MHP Components
CIVIL COMPONENTS
Head (m)
Components of Micro Hydro Project
Village
Discharge (l/s)
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Power Calculation
P = g*Q*H*
Where,P = Power (kilo Watt)g = Acceleration due to gravity (m/sec 2)Q = Discharge (l/sec)
H = Head (meter) = Overall efficiency
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Pico Hydro (
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Micro Hydro (10-100 kW)
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Mini Hydro (100-1000 kW)
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Mini Hydro Connected to Grid
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Rehab for damaged projects
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Additional Subsidy
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Potential for Financing
GoN Subsidy ~ 40% Community Contribution ~ 20%
Potential for Financing ~40% of TPC.
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Risks Associated with financing
Collateral Operation & Maintenance
Loan Repayment (less IGAs) Low return
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Issues
Transportation: Terrain
Habitat Load Consumption Political and Social Issues
Economical Issues Technical Issues Sustainability Issues
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Transportation:
Road access Crossing of Rivers
Delivery of Equipments Increases Project Costs
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Terrain
Complicated Terrain Structure Difficulties of Civil Construction
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Habitat
Scattered Habitat Large Distances between 2 Habitats.
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Political and Social Issues
Water Right Issues. Conflicts in Terai Region.
Lack of Youths in the Villages. Hooking and Political Sheltered. Lack of Security for the Monitoring Staffs.
Absence of Local Development Bodiesrepresentatives.
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Economical Issues
Lack of Financial Resources. Bank rarely financed RE.
Syndicate System and Inflation.
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Technical Issues
Lack of Trained Operators and SkilledManpower for the Installation.
High Turnover Rate of Youth and Skill
Manpower from villages. Overloading of Transformers and Generators.
Hydrology (Discharge measurement) Low Efficiency of the System. Comparatively weak construction of Civil
components.
Not capable to manufacture turbine (>10044
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Sustainability Issues
Financial transparency in community Lack of we-feeling (ownership) Weak Management Less Tariff Less IG activities/ End Use promotion (low
HDI, lack of local market, inaccessible, low reliability of MHP, high seasonal migration)
Lack of Maintenance Fund Social Inclusion Aspects
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Ardali Gad MHP, Achham
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Ardali Gad MHP, Achham
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Lesson Learned
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Lesson Learned (contd..)
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Lesson Learned (contd..)
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