Post on 18-Dec-2021
Metro MiningBauxite Hills Project
Environmental Impact Statement
Metro MiningChapter 18 - Hazard and Safety
Environmental Impact Statement
Metro MiningAppendix H2 - Metro Mining Community andSocial Responsibility Policy
i
Table of Contents
18 Hazards and Safety ............................................................................................................................ 18-1
18.2 Regulatory Framework .................................................................................................................... 18-1 18.2.1 Mining and Quarrying Safety and Health Act 1999 ....................................................... 18-2 18.2.2 Work Health and Safety Act 2011 ......................................................................................... 18-2 18.2.3 Disaster Management Act 2003 ............................................................................................. 18-2 18.2.4 Fire and Rescue Service Act 1990 ......................................................................................... 18-3 18.2.5 Coastal Protection and Management Act 1995 ............................................................... 18-3 18.2.6 Transport Operations (Marine Safety) Act 1994 ........................................................... 18-3 18.2.7 Maritime Safety Queensland Act 2002 ............................................................................... 18-4 18.2.8 Guidelines ........................................................................................................................................ 18-4
18.3 Objectives and Performance Outcomes .................................................................................... 18-5 18.3.1 Protection Objectives.................................................................................................................. 18-5 18.3.2 Performance Outcomes ............................................................................................................. 18-5
18.4 Assessment Method ........................................................................................................................... 18-5 18.4.1 Community Values and Receptors ........................................................................................ 18-5 18.4.2 Hazards and Impacts .................................................................................................................. 18-6
18.5 Existing Environment ....................................................................................................................... 18-6 18.5.1 Sensitive Community Receptors ............................................................................................ 18-6 18.5.2 Environmentally Sensitive Receptors ................................................................................. 18-7 18.5.3 State and Local Government Controlled Roads .............................................................. 18-7
18.6 Potential Impacts ................................................................................................................................ 18-9 18.6.1 Natural Hazards ............................................................................................................................ 18-9 18.6.2 Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Substances ............................................................... 18-17 18.6.3 Bauxite Mining Health and Safety ....................................................................................... 18-21 18.6.4 Malicious Acts .............................................................................................................................. 18-22
18.7 Cumulative Impacts ......................................................................................................................... 18-22 18.7.1 Opportunities for Collaboration with Gulf Alumina ................................................... 18-22
18.8 Management and Mitigation Measures ................................................................................... 18-23 18.8.1 Natural Hazards .......................................................................................................................... 18-23 18.8.2 Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Substance ................................................................. 18-25 18.8.3 Bauxite Hills Mining Health and Safety ............................................................................ 18-28 18.8.4 Malicious Acts .............................................................................................................................. 18-32
18.9 Qualitative Risk Assessment ........................................................................................................ 18-32 18.10 Summary............................................................................................................................................... 18-41 18.11 Commitments ..................................................................................................................................... 18-43 18.12 ToR Cross-reference ........................................................................................................................ 18-43
List of Figures
Figure 18-1 Sensitive community receptors and environmentally sensitive receptors ................................. 18-8 Figure 18-2 Australian bushfire threat ......................................................................................................... 18-10 Figure 18-3 Bushfire hazard mapping .......................................................................................................... 18-11 Figure 18-4 Indicative erosion prone area ................................................................................................... 18-13 Figure 18-5 Recorded cyclone tracks within 100 km of the Project - 1970 to 2006 .................................... 18-16 Figure 18-6 Risk and hazard assessment process ........................................................................................ 18-30
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
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List of Tables
Table 18-1 Indicative list of hazardous substances ...................................................................................... 18-19 Table 18-2 Preliminary risk assessment for construction and operational activities .................................. 18-33 Table 18-3 Commitments – hazards and safety ........................................................................................... 18-43 Table 18-4 ToR cross-reference – hazards and safety ................................................................................. 18-43
18-1
18 Hazards and Safety
This chapter describes potential hazards and risks associated with the development of the Bauxite
Hills Project (the Project) that may have an impact on people and property. In addition, this chapter
assesses the risk to the workforce, stakeholders, environment and local communities.
18.1 Project Overview
Aldoga Minerals Pty Ltd (Aldoga), a 100% owned subsidiary of Metro Mining Limited (Metro
Mining), proposes to develop the Project located on a greenfield site on the western coastline of
Cape York, Queensland, approximately 35 kilometres (km) northeast of Mapoon. The Project will
include an open cut operation, haul roads, Barge Loading Facility (BLF), Roll on/Roll off (RoRo)
facility, transhipping and will produce and transport up to 5 million tonnes per annum (Mtpa) of ore
over approximately 12 years. The mine will not be operational during the wet season.
The Project is characterised by several shallow open cut pits that will be connected via internal haul
roads. The internal haul roads will be connected to a main north-south haul road that will link with
the Mine Infrastructure Area (MIA), BLF and RoRo facility located to the north of the pits on the
Skardon River. Bauxite will be screened in-pit and then hauled to the product stockpile using road
train trucks.
Bauxite from the Project is suitable as a Direct Shipping Ore (DSO) product (i.e. ore is extracted and
loaded directly to ships with no washing or tailings dams required). Bauxite will be transported by
barge via the Skardon River to the transhipment site, approximately 12 km offshore, and loaded into
ocean going vessels (OGVs) and shipped to customers. No dredging or bed-levelling for
transhipping is proposed as part of this Project.
OGVs of between 50,000 to 120,000 tonne (t) each will be loaded at the transhipment anchorage
site. Vessels will be loaded and bauxite will be transported to OGVs 24 hours per day with barges
having an initial capacity of approximately 3,000 t to meet early production volumes, increasing up
to 7,000 t as the Project reaches a maximum production volume of 5 Mtpa.
The construction of the mine is due to commence in April 2016 and is expected to take seven months
to complete. The first shipment of bauxite is planned for October 2017. The Project will be 100%
fly-in fly-out (FIFO) due to its remote location. The Project will operate over two 12 hour shifts per
day for approximately eight months of the year and is expected to employ up to 254 employees
during peak operations. In addition to the workforce, it is expected that the Project will result in the
employment of additional workers through local and regional businesses servicing the
accommodation camp and the construction and operation of the mine.
18.2 Regulatory Framework
Various Queensland legislation aims to manage risks, primarily to protect the environment and
safeguard human health and wellbeing. Regulatory obligations require compliance with respect to
all phases of the Project. The relevant regulatory framework associated with the Project includes:
Mining and Quarrying Safety Health Act 1999;
Work Health and Safety Act 2011;
Disaster Management Act 2003;
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Fire and Rescue Service Act 1990;
Coastal Protection and Management Act 1995;
Transport Operations (Marine Safety) Act 1994;
Maritime Safety Queensland Act 2002; and
State Planning Policy 2014.
18.2.1 Mining and Quarrying Safety and Health Act 1999
The Mining and Quarrying Safety Health Act 1999 (MQSH Act) applies to mining activities within the
boundaries of land subject to a mining tenure as well as buildings for administration,
accommodation and associated facilities adjoining, adjacent to or contiguous with the mine.
The MQSH Act requires risk to a person from operations to be at an acceptable level, which means,
within acceptable limits and as low as reasonable achievable (s26). To achieve this, risk
management will incorporate as many controls as necessary, using the hierarchy of controls
(elimination, substitution, isolation, engineering, administration and personal protective
equipment (PPE)). The MQSH Act requires the following obligations:
Implement a Safety and Health Management System (SHMS);
Appoint specific roles for safety and the imposition of legal obligations and liabilities on
nominated safety roles; and
Records and reporting including accident and incidents.
18.2.2 Work Health and Safety Act 2011
The transhipment and marine working areas are not captured under the MQSH Act and as such are
subject to the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (WHS Act). This includes any place where a worker
goes or is likely to be while at work, including, vessels, any waters and any installation on the bed of
any waters or floating on any waters.
The WHS Act sets out a number of obligations including:
Implement reasonably practicable measures to ensure health and safety taking into account the
likelihood of the hazard or the risk, the consequences and the knowledge of the hazard and the
risk and suitable controls;
Health and safety duties;
Permit requirements for certain high risk activities; and
Specific requirements for dangerous goods and major hazard facilities.
18.2.3 Disaster Management Act 2003
The objective of the Disaster Management Act 2003 is to mitigate the potential adverse effects of an
event. This is achieved by establishing disaster management groups and plans for the State, disaster
districts and local government areas. The plans relevant to the Project are the Cook Shire Local
Disaster Management Plan and the Weipa Town Authority Local Disaster Management Plan. Both
plans identify the roles, responsibilities and response measures for incidents and events that have
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-3
the potential to cause harm, damage and or disruption. Both plans have been considered in the
Project’s emergency response planning.
18.2.4 Fire and Rescue Service Act 1990
The Fire and Rescue Service Act 1990 and subordinate regulations require the operator to establish
effective relationships with the Queensland Fire and Emergency Services to provide for the
prevention and response to fires and incidents endangering persons, property or environment.
Emergency response procedures will be developed in consultation with the emergency services and
other related government agencies. Queensland Fire and Emergency Services do not have a station
or plans for one in the area, therefore, it is Metro Mining’s responsibility for immediate emergency
response. Queensland Fire and Emergency Services will provide effective response subject to the
type, location and severity of the incident.
18.2.5 Coastal Protection and Management Act 1995
The Coastal Protection and Management Act 1995 (CPM Act) aims to protect, conserve, manage and
rehabilitate Queensland’s coastal resources and biological diversity. The Act aims to achieve this by
preparing coastal management plans and controlling development. No regional coastal
management plan has been prepared for the Project location. The Project is located in a coastal
hazard area.
The Queensland Coastal Management Plan, made under the CPM Act, commenced on 18 March 2014.
The Coastal Management Plan provides non-regulatory policy guidance to coastal land managers.
One of the key management policies dealt with by the plan includes maintaining coastal landforms
and physical coastal processes. The principal objective of the Plan in terms of coastal erosion is the
long-term stability of dunes and other coastal landforms are preserved and physical coastal
processes including erosion, accretion and the movement of sediment are able to occur without
interruption. The Plan sets a number of coastal management outcomes to achieve this principal
objective.
18.2.6 Transport Operations (Marine Safety) Act 1994
The Transport Operations (Marine Safety) Act 1994 imposes a general safety obligation on all vessel
owners, operators, masters and crew to operate vessels safely at all times. The Act allows the
Maritime Safety Queensland (MSQ) to plan and manage marine safety and other related marine
operational issues.
This Act regulates marine incidents and imposes obligations on ship masters to assist in responding
to a marine incident, reporting of the incident to MSQ, and reporting of any navigational dangers
which could cause a marine incident.
A marine incident is an event causing or involving:
The loss of a person from a ship or the death of, or grievous bodily harm to, a person caused by
a ship’s operations;
The loss or presumed loss or abandonment of a ship;
A collision with a ship or stranding of a ship;
Material damage to a ship or danger of serious damage to a ship;
Danger to a person caused by a ship’s operations;
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Danger of serious damage to a structure caused by a ship’s operations; or
A marine incident declared in a regulation.
18.2.7 Maritime Safety Queensland Act 2002
The Maritime Safety Queensland Act 2002 (MSQ Act), administered by MSQ and the Department of
Transport and Main Roads, provides advice regarding marine safety, ship-sourced pollution and
related matters. The MSQ Act facilitates the transfer of obligations from MSQ to port authorities in
port areas so that they deliver pilotage services, in particular pilotage areas. The Port of Skardon
River is operated by Ports North and activities in this area are subject to the Port Rules, including
specific pilotage requirements and the Port of Skardon River Environmental Management Plan.
18.2.8 Guidelines
18.2.8.1 State Planning Policy July 2014
The adverse impacts of bushfires, landslides and flooding have been assessed with consideration to
the State Planning Policy (SPP) – State Interest Guideline – Natural Hazards, Risk and Resilience.
This policy is a statutory instrument aimed at minimising the adverse impacts of natural hazards on
people, property, economic activity, and the environment when making decisions about
development. Whilst the mining component of the Project will be exempt from assessment under
the Policy, it has been considered to ensure that natural hazards are assessed as part of the
construction and operation of the Project.
The SPP – State Interest Guideline: Emissions and Hazardous Activities, sets out the State interest
as being ‘community health and safety, sensitive land uses and the natural environment are
protected from potential adverse impacts of emissions and hazardous activities, while ensuring the
long-term viability of industrial development, and sport and recreation activities’. This guideline
sets out the objectives and policies in land use planning to achieve this, but does not prescribe a risk
assessment method. The SPP requires development involving hazardous chemicals (hazchems) that
is resilient and appropriately located with neighbours of compatible level of sensitivity.
18.2.8.2 Queensland Model Planning Scheme Development Code for Hazardous Industries and Chemicals
The Queensland Model Planning Scheme Development Code for Hazardous Industries and
Chemicals (Workplace Health and Safety Queensland, 2016) provides additional guidance for
development involving hazchems. It aims to protect the public safety of the surrounding community
in the event of an emergency involving a fire, explosion or toxic release associated with hazchems.
It does this by providing recommended thresholds and outcomes for medium impact and high
impact industry involving hazchems and outcomes for protecting Major Hazard Facilities (MHF)
from encroachment by development not compatible with the MHF risks.
This code provides model thresholds for self-assessable and assessable development based on the
storage type and quantity of hazchems onsite. It also provides guidance on model assessment
methodology and information required to demonstrate achievement of outcomes for assessable
development. This gives an indication on the level of impact assessment likely to be required by
regulatory agencies.
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18.3 Objectives and Performance Outcomes
18.3.1 Protection Objectives
As per the Terms of Reference (ToR) the Project protection objective is to:
Avoid, minimise or mitigate potential risks from natural and anthropogenic hazards so that
people and property is protected;
Maintain or enhance the community’s resilience to natural hazards; and
Strategically locate, design and construct hazardous material storage equipment to minimise
health and safety risks to communities and individuals and adverse effects on the environment.
18.3.2 Performance Outcomes
The hazards and safety performance criteria are:
Following risk treatment measures, there are no residual risks which are determined as high or
extreme and all other risks are as low as reasonably practicable; and
Prepare and implement a Risk Management Plan and an Emergency Response Plan (ERP).
18.4 Assessment Method
This section presents the methodology for assessment of hazards and risks. The assessment
involved:
Community values and receptors - identification of surrounding community values including
sensitive receptors;
Hazards and impacts - identification of hazards of the Project which may present an impact to
community safety; and
Risk assessment - including:
Evaluating risk associated with each impact
Proposing mitigation measures
Reviewing residual risk with mitigation measures in place.
18.4.1 Community Values and Receptors
Values were identified based on an understanding of the land uses associated with the surrounding
area. For the purpose of this chapter a community value is any value that is related to sensitive
receptors or property that could be affected by any hazardous material and actions associated with
the Project. A property can be a state or local government controlled road, place of residence and
work or recreational area.
Aerial imagery was used to identify sensitive receptors. The receptors identified for this chapter are
consistent with those identified in Chapter 12 – Air Quality and Chapter 13 – Noise and Vibration.
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
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18.4.2 Hazards and Impacts
In identifying the hazards associated with the Project, consideration was given to the Project’s
proposed activities, prefeasibility Project risk register and a review of similar bauxite mining
projects in Queensland and Australia.
Hazards and impacts for the Project were identified using the following process:
A review of the Project’s components (as outlined in Chapter 2 – Description of the Project) to
identify the activities and facilities proposed during the construction and operation phases of
the Project (for example mining, transport of material by truck, screening, barge loading and
transport, transhipment and dangerous goods storage);
Identification of hazardous materials being transported to the Project during the construction
and operation phases;
Identification of both technological and natural hazards, including:
The range of potentially hazardous incidents that may be associated with each of the
activities and facilities at the Project area (for example clearing activities, chemical
storage and stockpile management)
Potentially hazardous incidents associated with people, activities and property as a
result of the Project activities, but outside the Project area (for example oil spills,
vehicle collisions etc.)
Natural hazards that may occur in the area that can impact on the Project and
community
For each hazard identified, the potential pathway in which that hazard could cause harm was
identified.
The approach taken for applying a risk rating to the hazards and risks is described in
Chapter 1 – Introduction.
18.5 Existing Environment
In order to identify potential hazards and risks, the surrounding environment and community safety
values have been assessed. The study area for this chapter is defined as any property within 25 km
of the Project area boundary. This section describes the land use, potential sensitive receptors,
community values and landscape aspects which may be impacted by the Project.
18.5.1 Sensitive Community Receptors
Within a 25 km radius of the Project, 47 sensitive receptors were identified using aerial imagery
(see Figure 18-1). The closest residential receptor is located at Mapoon approximately 16 km
southwest of the mining lease boundary. There are two commercial receptors owned and operated
by Gulf Alumina which are the Skardon River airstrip located 3.3 km southwest and the Gulf Alumina
Skardon River Bauxite Project (SRBP) camp located 0.3 km west of the MIA.
Water users in the area have also been considered to be a sensitive community receptor, the only
groundwater user in the study area is the SRBP camp which has limited extraction from the Lunette
Aquifer. Beyond the study area and approximately 35 km southwest of the MIA, the Mapoon town
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-7
water supply is from the Bulimba Formation. Further details on groundwater users are presented
in Chapter 10 – Water Resources.
18.5.2 Environmentally Sensitive Receptors
The Skardon River and estuary area intercepts the northern section of the Project area and is
classified as a Matter of State Environmental Significance (MSES) – High Ecological Significance
wetland. The mangroves bordering the Skardon River and the area known as Big Footprint Swamp
are classified MSES’s with High Ecological Significance.
There are a number of groundwater dependent ecosystems identified within the study area
including Big Footprint Swamp and the Skardon River and estuary which are likely to depend on
shallow groundwater. These areas also hold cultural and spiritual values to the Traditional Owners.
There is one small area of MSES Regulated Vegetation adjacent to the western edge of the Project
area.
18.5.3 State and Local Government Controlled Roads
There is no access to the site by road. All workers will be transported by aircraft and material will
be brought in and out by barge to the proposed RoRo facility, or if agreement is reached with Gulf
Alumina, to the existing Port facilities.
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Mapoon Residential
Houses
Mouth Of Skardon River
MLA 20676BAUXITE HILLS 1MLA 20689
BAUXITE HILLS 6 WEST (BH6 WEST)
MLA 20688BAUXITE HILLS
6 EAST (BH6 EAST)
Airport
Accommodation Village
DUCI
E RIVE
R
SKARDON RIVER
DULHUNT
Y RIVER
NAM ALETA CREEK
PARGON CREEK
JANI
E CRE
EK
NAMAL ETA C REEK
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8670
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8690
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000
8700
000
8700
000
DATE
DISCLAIMERCDM Smith has endeavoured to ensure accuracy
and completeness of the data. CDM Smith assumes no legal liability or responsibility for any decisions or actions resulting from the information contained
within this map.
GCS GDA 1994 MGA Zone 54
/0 2,500 5,0001,250
Metres
Sensitive community receptors and environmentally sensitive receptors
©COPYRIGHT CDM SMITHThis drawing is confidential and shall only be used
for the purpose of this project.
APPROVEDDRAWN
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CHECKED
Legend!( Sensitive receptor
WatercourseAccommodation CampBarge Loading AreaHaul RoadPit ExtentsMine Lease Area
DATA SOURCEMEC Mining; 1sSRTM v1.0 Geoscience Australia 2011;
QLD Government Open Source Data;Australian Hydrological Geospatial Fabric
(Geofabric) PRODUCT SUITE V2.1.1 DRG Ref: BES150115-013-R1_SR
DESIGNER CLIENT
1:150,000Scale @ A3 -
-DESIGNEDCHECKED -
MDMD-
R Details Date
03/05/161
Notes:
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F:\1_PROJECTS\BES150115_Bauxite_Hill\GIS\DATA\MXD\FINAL\ERA\BES150115-013-R1_SR.mxd
For InformationUpdated Pit Extents-----
Barge Loading Area
Haul Road
Haul Road
Accommodation Camp
Figure 18-115/07/15
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-9
18.6 Potential Impacts
The preliminary risk assessment provided in Table 18-2 identifies potential hazards and impacts
identified in this assessment for the construction and operational activities. The likelihood and
consequence of the Project hazards and health risks for natural hazards, emergency or incident
events from hazchem storage or other abnormal conditions which could pose hazards and impact
safety are outlined further within this section.
18.6.1 Natural Hazards
Natural hazards are identified in the SPP as a naturally occurring situation or condition, such as a
flood, bushfire, landslide or coastal hazard, including erosion-prone areas and storm tide inundation
areas, with the potential for loss or harm to the community, property or environment. For
operational purposes, tropical storms and cyclones have also been included in this chapter.
The Queensland Government’s SPP Natural Hazards map (DILGP, 2016), identifies that:
The majority of the site has a medium bushfire hazard rating;
The Skardon River is an erosion prone coastal area; and
Some lower lying parts of the Project are classified as Flood Hazard Area - Level 1.
Other natural hazards identified which are likely to impact the subject area include:
Tropical storms and cyclones;
Drought; and
Climate change.
18.6.1.1 Bushfire
The peak fire season for the Project is during winter and spring, when rainfall is at its lowest as
shown on Figure 18-2 (BoM, 2010a). During this time, the dry season, vegetation and leaf-litter can
dry out and become fuel for bushfires. The Project is predominately surrounded by Darwin
Stringybark (Eucalyptus tetradonta) woodland, which can become extremely dry and moisture-
deprived during peak fire season.
Natural and anthropogenic-related bushfires are regular occurrences within the vicinity of the
Project, commonly from lightning strikes and through annual back-burning and traditional
Indigenous burning. In recent decades the frequency of fire in the Cape York Peninsula bioregion
has been relatively high and between approximately 13% and 33% of the region is burnt each year
(Bastin and ACRIS, 2008). The majority of these fires on Cape York Peninsula are grass fires
(Crowley, 1995).
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Figure 18-2 Australian bushfire threat
Based on the Bushfire Risk Analysis for the Cook Shire and presented in the SPP online mapping, the
Project is located in a bushfire hazard area of medium potential threat, refer to Figure 18-3
(DILGP, 2016). A bushfire hazard area identifies land that is likely to support a significant bushfire
and could be subject to impacts from a significant bushfire. This mapping considers potential fire
weather severity, landscape slope and potential fuel load to determine the risk level (Rural Fire
Service, 2014).
Currently, the Cape York Fire Program and the Mapoon Land and Sea Rangers provide fire
management and coordination between land holders, the community, industry and all levels of
government. Cape York Sustainable Futures has a ten year fire history database, which is used to
establish the relationship between fire management and biodiversity along with other land
management outcomes. Cape York Sustainable Futures provide satellite fire tracking and mapping
services, promoting best practice fire management in Cape York. The Cape York Fire Program has
improved coordination and cooperation between stakeholders across all land tenures by
developing a sound base for sustainable fire management strategies and practices. Metro Mining
has had discussions with Cape York Sustainable Futures in April 2015 regarding fire management
specific to the Project.
BH6 West MLA boundary
(MLA 20689)
BH1 MLA boundary(MLA 20676)
BH6 East MLA boundary
(MLA 20688)
SKARDON RIVER
NAMALETA CREEKNAMALETA CREEK
605000
605000
610000
610000
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Figure 18-3
DATE
DISCLAIMERCDM Smith has endeavoured to ensure accuracy
and completeness of the data. CDM Smith assumes no legal liability or responsibility for any decisions or actions resulting from the information contained
within this map.
GCS GDA 1994 MGA Zone 54
/0 1,000 2,000500
Metres
Bushfire hazard mapping
©COPYRIGHT CDM SMITHThis drawing is confidential and shall only be used
for the purpose of this project.
APPROVED
DRAWN
18/03/16
CHECKED
Legend
Watercourse
Barge Loading Area
Haul Road
Pit Extents
Accommodation Camp
Metro Mining Mine Lease Area
Bushfire Prone Area
Medium Potential Bushfire Intensity
Potential Impact Buffer
DATA SOURCEMEC Mining;
QLD Government Open Source Data;Australian Hydrological Geospatial Fabric
(Geofabric) PRODUCT SUITE V2.1.1 DRG Ref: BES150115-022-R1_BPA
DESIGNER CLIENT
1:70,000Scale @ A3 -
-DESIGNED
CHECKED -
MD
MD
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R Details Date
15/07/151
Notes:
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F:\1_PROJECTS\BES150115_Bauxite_Hill\GIS\DATA\MXD\FINAL\ERA\BES150115-022-R1_BPA.mxd
For Information Purposes
Updated Pit Extents
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Barge Loading Area
Haul Road
Haul Road
Accommodation Camp
18/03/16
Camp AccessRoad
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-12
18.6.1.2 Coastal Erosion and Inundation
Coastal erosion and storm tide inundation are naturally occurring coastal processes. These coastal
processes are referred to as coastal hazards as they have the potential to impact on public safety
and development along the coast. Coastal hazard areas consist of areas at risk from sea erosion or
permanent inundation from tidal water and areas of temporary inundation resulting from a defined
storm tide event.
The potential for a high storm tide (combined tide and surge) to occur at Weipa is anticipated to be
reasonably low, with a 100 year Average Recurrence Interval (ARI) of approximately 2 metre
Australian Height Datum (mAHD) (compared to a highest astronomical tide level of 1.63 mAHD).
The reasons for the predicted low storm tide level is a result of less intense cyclones tending to occur
in the area and the likelihood that a rare severe cyclone crosses at the same time as a spring high
tide is very low. The storm tide levels for the Skardon River are expected to be comparable to Weipa,
therefore, storm tides are not considered to present a significant risk in the area.
The implications of projected sea level rise and an increase in cyclone intensity for Queensland’s
coast will result in a progressive worsening of coastal hazards (EHP, 2013). Increased severe storm
activity may have the potential to impact marine infrastructure. Impacts may result from increased
erosion and higher waves and wind speeds impacting and damaging infrastructure. There still
remains considerable uncertainty, in terms of magnitude and rate related to sea level rise and
increased storm activity, as a result of the thermal expansion of the oceans, the melting of glaciers
and ice sheets and climate change. However, sufficient long-term tide gauge data exists to
demonstrate that global sea levels rose during the 20th century, with a calculated average global rate
of 1.7 ± 0.5 millimetres per year (IPCC, 2014). The short duration of the Project mitigates any
potential long-term impacts associated with climate change.
The site is located in a coastal area and the Skardon River estuary is mapped within an indicative
erosion prone area (see Figure 18-4). This is considered to be vulnerable to coastal erosion due to
storm impact and long-term trends of sediment loss and channel migration. Indicative erosion
prone areas are suggestive of the extent of erosion and permanent inundation. Only the declared
erosion prone area plans under the CPM Act are advised to be used for development assessment.
The Project area is not located within a declared erosion prone area (EHP, 2014).
BH6 West MLA boundary
(MLA 20689)
BH1 MLA boundary(MLA 20676)
BH6 East MLA boundary
(MLA 20688)
SKARDON RIVER
NAMALETA CREEKNAMALETA CREEK
605000
605000
610000
610000
615000
615000
620000
620000
625000
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90
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0
86
95
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0
87
00
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DATE
DISCLAIMERCDM Smith has endeavoured to ensure accuracy
and completeness of the data. CDM Smith assumes no legal liability or responsibility for any decisions or actions resulting from the information contained
within this map.
GCS GDA 1994 MGA Zone 54
/0 1,000 2,000500
Metres
625000
Figure -
Indicative erosion prone area
©COPYRIGHT CDM SMITHThis drawing is confidential and shall only be used
for the purpose of this project.
APPROVED
DRAWN
16/03/16
CHECKED
Legend
Watercourse
Barge Loading Area
Indicative Erosion Prone Area
Haul Road
Pit Extents
Accommodation Camp
Metro Mining Mine Lease Area
DATA SOURCEMEC Mining;
QLD Government Open Source Data;Australian Hydrological Geospatial Fabric
(Geofabric) PRODUCT SUITE V2.1.1 DRG Ref: BES150115-019-R1_EROSION
DESIGNER CLIENT
1:70,000Scale @ A3 -
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15/07/151
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For Information Purposes
Updated Pit Extents
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Barge Loading Area
Haul Road
Haul Road
Accommodation Camp
16/03/16
CampAccessRoad
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18.6.1.3 Flooding
The climate at the Project location is classified as Equatorial, with a period of very low rainfall during
winter and spring followed by heavy monsoonal rains during summer and early autumn. Given that
over 80% of the region’s annual rainfall occurs during the monsoonal wet season (December to
March), flooding in the Skardon River and its tributaries is most likely to occur during this time.
Monsoonal climates can exhibit large year-to-year variations in rainfall, and a major rainfall season
(that is greater than 2,000 millimetres (mm) per annum) may occur once every one to five years in
the vicinity of the Project. The frequency of high rainfall and flooding can also be influenced by the
presence or absence of cyclones within the region, due to the predominant mechanism for river
flooding being the coincident combination of heavy rainfall and elevated ocean levels (that is storm
tides). These mechanisms are primarily associated with tropical cyclone systems.
Flood modelling of the Skardon River was carried out for a range of scenarios up to the probable
maximum flood. Simulation results indicated that the extent of inundation is generally confined
within the river waterways, with some widespread inundation of the broader floodplain caused by
the increased ocean levels associated with a storm tide. With regard to elevation, the bauxite
resource and the majority of the Project’s operations are located on a plateau that rises
approximately 8 to 15 metres (m) above the floodplain, and unlikely to be affected by riverine
flooding. The BLF and RoRo facility are located adjacent to and within the Skardon River and will be
designed to manage changes in river levels, including during periods of spring tides and storm
generated high waters.
The potential impacts as a result of flooding include:
Damage to infrastructure at the MIA resulting in land and sea contamination and human health
impacts;
Ponding of water resulting in a breeding habitat for mosquitos or other insects (vector borne
diseases are discussed in Chapter 8 – Biosecurity); and
Release of sediments into the waterways.
Flood modelling, the potential impacts of flooding and proposed mitigation strategies are described
in Chapter 11 – Flooding and Regulated Structures and Appendix E2 – Surface Water Technical
Report.
18.6.1.4 Tropical Storms and Cyclones
Tropical storms and cyclones are usually defined by strong winds and high intensity rainfall events.
Understanding historical frequencies can help the community and industry better prepare for such
events. The Project experiences approximately 50 days of lightning strikes associated with tropical
storms per annum (BoM, 2010b).
Cyclones have the potential to affect the Project during the wet season, typically between December
and April. As such, these events have been assessed to determine their frequency, severity and the
potential impacts they may have on the Project.
The severity of a tropical cyclone is described by the Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) in terms of
categories ranging from one to five based on the zone of maximum winds. The BoM categories are
described below:
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18-15
Category 1 (tropical cyclone) - Negligible house damage. Damage to some crops, trees and
caravans. Craft may drag moorings. The strongest winds are gales with typical gusts over open
flat land of 90 to 125 kilometers per hour (km/h). These winds correspond to Beaufort 8 and 9
(gales and strong gales);
Category 2 (tropical cyclone) - Minor house damage. Significant damage to signs, trees and
caravans. Heavy damage to some crops. Risk of power failure. Small craft may break moorings.
The strongest winds are destructive winds with typical gusts over open flat land of 125 to
164 km/h. These winds correspond to Beaufort 10 and 11 (storm and violent storm);
Category 3 (severe tropical cyclone) - Some roof and structural damage. Some caravans
destroyed. Power failures likely. The strongest winds are very destructive winds with typical
gusts over open flat land of 165 to 224 km/h. These winds correspond to the highest category
on the Beaufort scale, Beaufort 12 (hurricane);
Category 4 (severe tropical cyclone) - Significant roofing loss and structural damage. Many
caravans destroyed and blown away. Dangerous airborne debris. Widespread power failures.
The strongest winds are very destructive winds with typical gusts over open flat land of 225 to
279 km/h. These winds correspond to the highest category on the Beaufort scale, Beaufort 12
(hurricane); and
Category 5 (severe tropical cyclone) - Extremely dangerous with widespread destruction. The
strongest winds are very destructive winds with typical gusts over open flat land of more than
280 km/h. These winds correspond to the highest category on the Beaufort scale, Beaufort 12
(hurricane).
Typically, Queensland is affected by an average of 4.7 tropical cyclones per year; while an average
of approximately 0.6 cyclones affect the Project area annually (BoM, 2014). The frequency of
cyclones in Queensland is significantly impacted by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon.
During La Niña years, a doubling of cyclonic events may occur (BoM, 2014).
BoM identified 15 cyclones that have passed within 100 km of the Project between 1970 and 2006
as shown in Figure 18-5. Only three of these cyclones have reached Category 4. There have been no
Category 5 cyclones in the region.
Tropical storms and cyclones present a number of risks to the Project including:
Health and safety of employees and the community from storm surge, flooding and wind-blown
debris;
Damage to port, ferry and barge infrastructure from storm surge and waves;
Damage to other infrastructure from wind and flooding; and
Damage to revegetation from wind and heavy rain.
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
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Source: BoM, 2010b
Figure 18-5 Recorded cyclone tracks within 100 km of the Project - 1970 to 2006
18.6.1.5 Drought
Available meteorological history shows the Project site has never recorded less than 1,000 mm
annual rainfall. The average annual rainfall since 1914 to date is calculated as 1,784 mm. The
definition of drought for this area is therefore a matter of scale i.e. a succession of below average
rainfall years, rather than a complete lack of rainfall that may more typically be associated with
drought conditions. The last succession of less than 1,784 mm annual rainfall years was between
2005 and 2009, with annual rainfall still averaging around 1,600 mm.
Groundwater levels within the Project are subject to seasonal fluctuations and recharge during the
wet season. The water table rises to the ground surface at some of the proposed pit locations during
the wet season, it declines steadily during the dry season typically at a rate of 1 to 3 m per month.
Any long-term drought in the region may see the shallow groundwater systems levels reduced.
Metro Mining is also considering the possibility of utilising groundwater to meet the projected water
supply requirements of approximately 0.8 megalitres per day (ML/d). If shallow groundwater is
extracted during mining (the dry season) the water table will be temporarily drawn down around
pumping bores or trenches as groundwater is removed from the aquifer storage. As there is no
recharge during the dry season or less recharge during a drought period to offset the effects of
pumping, groundwater discharge rate to the Skardon River and estuary area may be reduced as a
result of pumping.
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18.6.1.6 Climate Change
Between 2007 and 2013 the Australian Government invested $129 million in the National Climate
Change Adaptation Program. This program is helping Australians to better understand and manage
risks linked to the carbon pollution already in our atmosphere and to take advantage of potential
opportunities.
The Commonwealth Department of the Environment has worked with local and international
agencies, such as the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and
BoM, to estimate predicted changes to the Australian climate and environment as a result of global
warming. These estimates are provided within the State of the Climate 2014 report.
The State of the Climate 2014 report predicts the following:
By 2070, with low greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (that is a significant reduction in the current
trends) warming in Australia is projected to be 1.0 to 2.5oC;
By 2070, with high GHG emissions (that is a continuation of growth as seen over the past
decade) warming in Australia is projected to be 2.2oC to 5.0oC;
In northern Australia rainfall projections range from a 20% decrease to 10% increase by 2070
for low emissions; and
In northern Australia rainfall projections range from a 30% decrease to 20% increase by 2070
for high emissions (BoM, 2014).
Sea level has risen at a rate of 3.2 mm per year in the last 20 years (BoM, 2014). The expected lifetime
of the Project is approximately 12 years, from 2017 to 2028. This equates to 34.8 mm rise in sea
level during the life of the Project. Given the relatively short timeframe of the Project, the potential
changes to rainfall, temperature and winds, as a result of climate change, are negligible. In addition,
as Metro Mining does not propose to operate during the wet season, when changes related to
increased rainfall, wind speed, storm surge and tropical storm probabilities are expected to impact
the Project, the specific risk of climate change to the Project is considered low.
18.6.2 Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Substances
Using, storing or generating hazchems, particularly those being processed and/or in large
quantities, can generate offsite risks which require careful assessment and management. A
preliminary assessment of the nature and quantity of materials to be handled or stored as part of
the Project has been undertaken to determine the hazardous materials that will be present.
Dangerous goods are substances that present an immediate hazard to people, property or the
environment due to its chemical, physical or biological properties (WorkCover Queensland, 2016).
Hazardous substances are defined as those that can have an adverse effect on health following
worker exposure (WorkCover Queensland, 2016).
The Project will use a number of hazardous substances, including those listed in the Australian Code
for the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail (ADG Code). The full range of hazardous
substances that will be handled, stored and used during the various phases of the Project will not be
finalised until detailed planning for the mine has been completed.
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The Queensland Model Planning Scheme Development Code for Hazardous Industries and
Chemicals (Workplace Health and Safety Queensland, 2016) recommends that medium impact
development involving hazchem be self-assessable and high impact development be made code
assessable. Model trigger levels have been provided for medium and high impact hazchem
development.
The only hazchem storage onsite which triggers assessment is the storage of diesel in above ground
tanks, being over 60,000 Litres (L) it is considered a high impact under the model assessable
development thresholds.
The Code for Hazardous Industries and Chemicals provides a minimum separation distance of 13 m
for storages of 500,000 L of diesel. The current proposed storage area for fuel will be located greater
than 13 m from the mining lease boundary.
The Australian special provisions of the ADG Code provide that diesel is not subject to this Code if it
does not meet the criteria of Chapter 2.3 for assignment to Class 3; i.e. if the flash point is more than
60oC and the substance is not offered for transport at a temperature above its flash point. Such
substances will normally be C1 combustible liquids which are not classified as dangerous goods for
transport purposes.
Indicative dangerous goods and their impact level, assessed against the Queensland Model Planning
Scheme Development Code for Hazardous Industries thresholds, likely to be stored within the
Project area are presented in Table 18-1.
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Table 18-1 Indicative list of hazardous substances
Chemical Name DG Class1 UN Number2 Packing Group3 Maximum Inventory
Approximate Annual Rate of Use
Medium Impact High Impact Purpose/Use
Diesel fuel 3
(Class C1) 1 1202 III 500,000 L 5,000,000 L
Above ground tanks <60,000 L
Above ground storage tanks >60,000 L
Fuel for vehicles and mobile equipment
Batteries NA 2794
2796 II
20 large batteries
As required N/A N/A Light and heavy vehicles during all phases
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
8 2796 II 50 L As required in conjunction with battery use
>10,000 L N/A
100% concentration for dilution with deionised water to 40% when used in batteries
Lubrication / hydraulic oils
3
(Class C2) 2 NA NA
1.5 Kilolitres (kL)
50 kL
>10,000 L Package stores with natural ventilation
N/A Hydraulic oils to lubricate plant and equipment
Nitrogen (liquid) 2.2 1977 NA 1 cylinder Infrequent
>2000 L cylinder stores with natural ventilation
N/A Equipment assembly
Oxygen gas 2.2 1072 NA 500 L 1,000 L N/A Welding/
Oxyacetylene cutting
Novec 1230 gas 2.2 3163 III 1,800 L As required N/A Fire protection
Carbon dioxide gas
2.2 1013 NA 500 L 3,000 L N/A
Welding
Liquefied petroleum gas
2.1 1075 NA 400 L 5 kL >1000 L cylinder stores with natural ventilation
N/A Heating and equipment fuel
Acetylene gas 2.1 1001 NA 500 L 1,000 L N/A Welding/
Oxyacetylene cutting
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Solvents and thinners
3 1090 II 200 L 1,825 L >10,000 L Package stores with natural ventilation
N/A Degreasing agent
Paints 3 1263 III 50 L 100 L N/A Paint during
construction and operations
Detergent 3 1198 NA 125 kilograms (kg)
2,000 kg N/A Equipment
cleaning
Grease 3 1268 NA 1,000 L 6,000 L N/A Lubricate plant
and equipment
1 DG Class = Dangerous Goods class means the hazard class of the dangerous goods as stated in the ADG Code. 2 UN numbers = Four-digit numbers that identify hazardous substances and articles (such as explosives, flammable liquids, toxic substances, etc.) in the framework of international transport. UN numbers range from UN0001 to approximately UN3500 and are assigned by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. They are published as part of their Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. 3 Packaging Group = Assigned to dangerous goods (other than Class 1, 2 and 7) according to the degree of risk the goods present (PGI – great danger; PGII – medium danger; and PGIII – minor danger).
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
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It is likely other dangerous goods may be required during the construction and operational phases
of the Project. In the event this occurs, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) will be reviewed to
ensure safety processes and storage and handling procedures are adequate and conform to
Australian Standard (AS) 1940:2004 - The Storage and Handling of Flammable and Combustible
Liquids.
The proposed storage onsite will be 500,000 L of diesel which is equivalent to 177 t, this is well
under the 50,000 t trigger limit for major hazard facilities defined within Schedule 15 of the Work
Health and Safety Regulation 2011.
18.6.3 Bauxite Mining Health and Safety
The common health and safety risks associated with bauxite mining relate to noise, ergonomics,
trauma, fatigue and heat. Given the Project is located in a tropical environment, risks associated with
tropical diseases (i.e. Malaria, Ross River and Barmah River Viruses and Dengue Fever) and
venomous/dangerous animals are relevant. The remote location and roster of the Project may
impact the mental health of the workers. This is discussed in further detail in Chapter 16 – Social
and Economic.
Exposure to bauxite dust has not been associated with incidence of cancer and has not been
associated with clinically significant decrements in lung function (Donoghue et al., 2014). Alumina
is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Group 3, i.e. cannot be
classified as to carcinogenetic to humans. Bauxite is generally regarded as being relatively
biologically inert. It is classified for occupational hygiene purposes as a nuisance dust or “particle
not otherwise specified.” There has been a case report of mild pulmonary fibrosis—occurring in a
man exposed to bauxite crushing and transport from 1936 to 1962 (Donoghue et al., 2014). The
incidental finding on autopsy led to confirmation of the presence of bauxite within the area of
fibrosis. More recently, epidemiological studies of employees exposed to bauxite dust have been
conducted. (Beach et al., 2001 and Townsend, 1988), these studies concluded that bauxite
exposures in contemporary best-practice mining operations have not been demonstrated to be
associated with clinically significant decrements in lung function or pneumoconiosis.
Given the remote location of the site waste will be minimised and recycled onsite, where practicable.
The potential impacts of handling recycled wastes are transmission of bacteria and/or viruses by
contact. Non-mining waste management strategies and potential impacts are discussed in
Chapter 14 – Waste Management.
Noise is generated through the operation of machinery during the scrapping, excavation, loading
and conveyor operations. Exposure to noise can result in noise induced hearing loss, this can be
mitigated through design and equipment selection. Noise generation by the Project on the broader
community has been modelled and is discussed in Chapter 13 – Noise and Vibration.
Traumatic injury associated with bauxite mining can occur through vehicle rollovers, mobile
equipment, conveyor operations and barge operations, falls from heights, entrapment and
electrocution.
With the operation of barges and transhipping there is a risk of marine collisions, groundings or
vessel strikes from the movement of marine vessels. Such events may impact property, cause
physical injury and damage the marine environment. Oil spills can results from such incidents.
The impacts of health incidents onsite pose a risk to the capacity of the regions emergency services.
Queensland Fire and Emergency Services has advised that they do not have any station or personnel
or plans for any station in the area, therefore, Metro Mining has the responsibility of self-sufficiency
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for immediate emergency response. A delayed attendance by the Queensland Fire and Emergency
Services is available upon request for assistance. The time taken to attend and provide effective
response would be subject to the type, location and severity of the incident. The nearest paramedics
and Ambulance Stations are located at Weipa and Bamaga. The diversion of the minimal resources
at this location could impact on the Weipa and/or Bamaga communities, given response by road
could be 12 to 16 hours or more.
18.6.4 Malicious Acts
Acts of vandalism and sabotage have been considered as having the potential to create hazardous
conditions. Malicious acts pose a safety risk to the public and workers and may result in injury or
property damage. Given the remote location and the inability to access the site by road, the risks of
this is considered to be low.
18.7 Cumulative Impacts
Cumulative impacts are addressed within each chapter. Given the remote location of the Project and
the adjacent SRBP cumulative impacts are not anticipated to adversely affect sensitive receptors. It
is expected that the simultaneous operations of the Project and the SRBP may pose an increase in
risks in relation to:
Increased risk of contamination from dangerous goods storages in event of natural disaster such
as a cyclone; and
Increased risk of health and safety incident from:
- Overlap and interaction of work areas
- Increased onsite traffic volumes as a result of movement on the haul roads
- Increased risk of marine incident from increased shipping movements; and
- Potential to put a cumulative strain on emergency services. Metro Mining will work
collaboratively with Gulf Alumina and emergency services to ensure the potential impacts
to workers and the environment is avoided.
The potential cumulative strain on emergency services may be caused from a natural disaster or
extreme emergency event which requires the attendance of the emergency services to both project
sites at the same time. The risk of this occurring is relatively low and Metro Mining will work with
Gulf Alumina to have, on standby, additional emergency service responses, such as private
helicopter medical services and emergency response capability which can be activated in such an
unlikely circumstances to avoid the strain on local regional services.
18.7.1 Opportunities for Collaboration with Gulf Alumina
The overlap and interaction of the work areas includes the airstrip which is proposed to be used by
both Projects. Metro Mining are also seeking to construct a haul road within the SRBP mining lease
area and proposed bauxite extraction areas, thus there is likely to be interface between the two
operations. Failing to manage interface risks is a common and significant cause of delay, expense
and lost profits in construction projects. It also poses a higher risk of traumatic injury associated
with vehicle rollovers, mobile equipment, conveyor operations and barge operations, falls from
heights, entrapment and electrocution. There will also be overlap in the shipping routes used by
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both projects; however, given the area is highly controlled through the Skardon River Port there is
less of a risk from this interface.
18.8 Management and Mitigation Measures
Management and mitigation measures for each identified hazard and potential impact are provided
in Table 18-2. The below management and mitigation measures expand on the management
measures provided in Table 18-2.
18.8.1 Natural Hazards
18.8.1.1 Bushfire
Metro Mining is working in partnership with Mapoon Land and Sea Rangers to develop a
coordinated Fire Management Plan incorporating:
A bushfire management plan will be developed to take into account the following:
Traditional Owner / landowner bushfire management
Maintain safety of people and property by avoiding areas of high or medium bushfire
hazard
Design and siting of buildings
Firebreaks, setbacks from vegetation and access to firefighting and emergency
vehicles
Adequate road access for firefighting and other emergency vehicles
Providing an adequate and accessible water supply for fire-fighting purposes
Ensure public safety and environment are not adversely affected by the detrimental
impacts of bushfire on hazardous materials manufactured or stored in bulk
Buildings fitted with appropriate firefighting equipment and facilities;
Approximately five megalitres (ML) of water will be kept in polyethylene tanks at suitable
locations around the mine lease to be used in the event of a fire;
All welding activities, where practicable, will be conducted in the main workshop area. Where
welding and cutting are undertaken outside the workshop area, the following procedures will
take place:
The area will be cleared of flammable materials
A suitable fire extinguisher will be positioned within reach of the work area
A suitable fire break will be established and maintained around the perimeter of the
infrastructure area and camp. The fire breaks will be a minimum of 6 m wide and kept free of
flammable material;
All fire-fighting extinguishers will comply with AS/NZS 1841.1:2007. Fire-fighting equipment
will be compatible with that used by Queensland Rural Fire Service. Routine inspections of fire-
fighting equipment will take place at least weekly;
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All mining workers, including contractors, will receive basic fire control training as part of the
induction process and receive regular refresher training; and
In the event a fire cannot be controlled by mine workers, or threatens public property, the
Queensland Rural Fire Service will be contacted.
18.8.1.2 Coastal Erosion and Inundation
Given the minor nature of the predicted impacts to coastal erosion and inundation resulting from
the construction of the proposed BLF and RoRo facility there are few management measures
proposed. The following measures will be undertaken to ensure there is no unnecessary increase in
erosion as a result of the Project activities:
Avoid or minimise movement of vehicles and other machinery on beaches, where possible;
Locate all buildings, workshops and storage areas outside erosion prone area and as far
landward as practicable;
For the construction of the RoRo facility, imported clean rock fill will be used to limit the
requirement for compaction, to limit settlements and to reduce the generation of fine material
that will cause turbidity during construction. A temporary bund will be constructed around the
ramp footprint and pumped out to obtain dry working conditions. Filter cloth, reno-mattresses
and crushed rock running surface will be placed commencing at the seaward end of the ramp
and moving landwards. The reno-mattresses will be pre-filled onshore and lifted into place with
a frame to limit turbidity and sediment movement around the ramp; and
Minimal changes to the coastal environment and tide movements through design of
infrastructure.
18.8.1.3 Flooding
The design of the Project footprint has considered the various probable flood levels and has been
designed to ensure it is constructed on elevated ground. The stockpile area and other critical
infrastructure such as fuel storage, power generation and accommodation will be located at above
the maximum probable flood level. As the mine will not be operational during the wet season, site
personnel are unlikely to be affected by the impacts of flooding. However, a plan for response to a
flooding event will be developed and include immediate actions of providing an alert, monitoring
flood levels and monitoring evacuation routes (airstrip and port). See Chapter 11 – Flooding and
Regulated Structures for detailed discussion in regard to flooding.
18.8.1.4 Tropical Storms and Cyclones
Considering Project activities occur during the dry season, there is a very low risk of physical harm
to site personnel from tropical cyclones and storms. In the event that a cyclone is experienced, either
during the operational period when fully staffed or during the wet season when there is only a
limited caretaker workforce present, Metro Mining will implement a contingency plan that is
consistent with existing emergency procedures established for the broader Weipa area. Such
contingency measures will include:
Transhipment only when wave and wind conditions within designed operating parameters;
Co-ordination with the Rio Tinto Alcan’s Weipa Cyclone Control Centre including the cyclone
condition system and associated procedures depending on cyclone severity;
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-25
Co-ordination with Gulf Alumina to implement an effective and practical contingency plan; and
Linking in to the existing warning systems established through the control centre.
Based on the BoM data provided in Section 18.6.1.4 there is a 41.6% chance of a cyclone occurring
in a year within 100 km of the Project and an 8.3% chance of one of these cyclones being a
Category 4. In the event of a cyclone during the Project, Metro Mining will assess the damage caused
by the cyclone, once it has passed, and resources will be allocated accordingly. If required, external
assistance may be requested to ensure the Project is safe for construction and operational activities
to proceed. All vessels remaining in the area will have cyclone contingency plan and cyclone rated
moorings will be available.
18.8.1.5 Drought
The potential effects that drought conditions may have upon the Project, particularly rehabilitation,
have been considered by Metro Mining. In particular, an established and reliable source of water is
crucial for the stability of operations. Raw water supply options have been considered, including
storage of surface water runoff, groundwater supply and water collection from the nearby Skardon
River or associated waterways, with the final ratio of water supply sources depending on wet season
conditions.
Onsite water reuse from sediment ponds, oil/water separators and effluent will be considered
during drought periods to minimise any impacts to groundwater supplies. Drought mitigation
measures for potential water resources are discussed in Chapter 10 – Water Resources.
18.8.1.6 Climate Change
Given the remote location and the short duration of the Project and SRBP, cumulative impacts
associated with potential changes in climate are not expected to impact either project in a
cumulative sense. Predicted changes in temperature, precipitation, humidity, sea level, storm surge
and tides, cyclones and bushfires have been considered, and the vulnerabilities of the Projects have
been assessed.
Potential consequences of climate change that have been considered include:
Flooding from intense rainfall;
Exposure to higher temperatures;
Damage from cyclonic conditions and associated wave inundation;
Erosion; and
Damage from bushfires.
It was concluded from the cumulative assessment that there is unlikely to be an impact to climate
from both projects, and that there is unlikely to be an impact from climate change to both projects.
18.8.2 Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Substance
All hazardous goods will be stored in accordance with the requirements outlined in AS1940. Areas
where hazardous goods are stored will be monitored frequently to ensure spillages and incidents
are accurately observed, cleaned up and recorded. Storage areas will be roofed where required to
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ensure flooding of the bunded areas does not occur, potentially resulting in land and/or surface and
groundwater contamination.
All containers which hold dangerous or hazardous goods will be appropriately labelled and SDSs
will be made available for all substances in accordance with the National Guidelines for
Occupational Health and Safety Competency (NOHSC). In addition, all safety processes and storage
and handling procedures will be compliant with AS1940. Safety Data Sheets (SDS) will be available
onsite where these substances are to be stored or used.
Specific management measures for the bulk fuel transfer system and equipment will include the
following:
A detailed plan for transfer of fuel from supply vessels to storage tanks and from storage tanks
to barges will be undertaken;
Fuel pipelines will be designed to minimise the risk of accidental release of fuel through safety
features such as shut down mechanisms in the event of an emergency;
Fuel unloading will be continually monitored during operations;
The fuel delivery supply pipelines will be made from welded steel pipes with isolating valves
that can be turned off in case of emergency;
The coupling system from the steel pipeline to the barges refueling pipeline will be located
above a catch tray (for minor leakages) and in a fully bunded area on the wharf head - to capture
any accidental release prior to closing valves in the event of an emergency; and
All pipelines will comply with Australian Standards.
Specific management measures for the bulk fuel storages/fuel farm will include the following:
The fuel farm will consist of series of self bunded containers;
Refuelling areas and workshops will have bunding and runoff catchment with oil separators;
All fuel tanks, bunding and transfer pipes will meet AS 1940-2004: The Storage and Handling of
Flammable and Combustible Liquids and AS1692 – 2006: Steel Tanks for Flammable and
Combustible Liquids;
Management and all hazardous substances are to be stored as per manufacturer’s requirements.
This includes storing these materials within roofed, bunded areas lined with an impermeable
material to prevent leaching and spills;
Procedures to be established at the mine to ensure safe and effective fuel, oil and chemical
storage and handling. All staff to be made aware of the requirement to report spillages and leaks
and the potential for these incidents to impact the quality of groundwater;
Provision of appropriate spill control materials including booms and absorbent materials at
refuelling facilities at all times to manage accidental spillages of fuel; and
Immediate clean up so no migration and infiltration occurs.
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
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The following measures will be in place package stores (stored packages and intermediate bulk
containers (IBCs)):
Package stores (areas of stored packages and IBCs) shall be located outdoors only and used for
the storage of closed packages and/or IBCs only;
Flammable and combustible liquids shall be segregated from any other substance that it may
react dangerously with by greater than 5 m and stored in separate spill compounds;
Package stores shall be separated from any decanting area for flammable or combustible liquids
by greater than 6 m;
Package stores shall be provided with ventilation to allow for flammable vapours to dissipate.
Ventilation shall be in the form of an open wall or vent;
Package stores shall be provided with a spill compound (e.g. bund) that complies with all of the
following:
Is impervious
Constructed of a fire resistant material(s)
Capable of holding liquid when full
Sloped to a low point or sump
Provided with a means of being emptied
Free from any other dangerous goods
Provided with restraints or barriers to prevent packages falling outside of the bund if
packages are positioned closer than 600 mm from a bund wall
Has a minimum internal volume as per Code requirements
Provision of impact avoidance measures such as bollards and appropriate firefighting
equipment.
The following measures will be in place for gas cylinder stores onsite:
Cylinder stores shall be provided with a ventilation system capable of providing sufficient fresh
air to dilute and remove gases and allow any flammable vapours to dissipate and reduce any
risk of asphyxiation, fire or explosion;
Ventilation shall be in the form of an open wall or vents;
Cylinders within a cylinder store shall be secured to restrict their movement by railings, chains
or barriers;
Decanting cylinders located in or adjacent to vehicle manoeuvring area shall be provided with
impact protection;
Cylinder stores shall have greater than one hose reel and greater than one 9 kg ABE extinguisher
within 10 m but not closer than 3 m; and
Cylinder stores shall be kept under lock and key.
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-28
Transport of hazardous substances will be by sea, all fuels and chemicals will be brought in by barge
to the RoRo facility. All transport by sea is subject to the International Maritime Dangerous Goods
(IMDG) Code (2008 edition) which is regulated through the Australian Maritime Safety Authority.
The following spill control and response management measures will be implemented:
A detailed spills response procedure will be developed to address the following principles of
spills management:
Communicate that the spill has occurred to the relevant supervisor
Consider the risk to personal health and the environment. If possible secure the area,
identify the substance and level of response required
Cease the flow from the source
Contain the spill to minimise contamination (e.g. temporary bund, cover drains)
Clean up the spill and correctly dispose of the material
Spill control materials and equipment including booms and absorbent materials will be kept
onsite at appropriate facilities at all times;
Site personnel will be educated in spill response actions, and chemical safety and awareness
during training and inductions;
Hazardous materials will be stored in appropriate bunding in accordance with relevant
Australian standards and other relevant standards. Spill containment material and spill kits will
be located in areas where liquid waste is stored and handled. Training in spill response will be
provided for all relevant employees;
Emergency response drills for a major oil or fuel spill will be conducted in conjunction with
SRBP personnel to ensure a coordinated and known response is in place; and
A detailed site plan will be available detailing drains, sumps and the location of equipment will
be maintained.
18.8.3 Bauxite Hills Mining Health and Safety
18.8.3.1 General Health and Safety
The operations will occur primarily in the cooler months of autumn, winter and spring and as
operations will be shut down over the wet season many of the risks associated with the tropical
environment will be significantly reduced. A Weed and Pest Management Plan will be implemented
and will include mosquito-borne diseases (refer to Chapter 8 – Biosecurity).
Dust control measures in place for the stockpiling, conveyors, mining and haulage to minimise
potential dust inhalation, these measures further outlined in Chapter 12 – Air Quality.
The accommodation camp will be built in accordance with the Building Code of Australia and the
food preparation areas will be operated in accordance with the Food Act 2006 to prevent illness. The
accommodation camp will include recreational areas and sufficient and clean amenities to service
the needs of the workers.
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-29
Noise will be managed onsite through the measure outlined in Chapter 13 – Noise and Vibration.
The risk of traumatic injury will be managed through the integrated risk management systems and
the safety and health management system outlined in further detail below.
The risk of potential encounters with venomous and dangerous animals such as snakes and
crocodiles will be particularly important during clearing activities and construction works, as well
as operations and night work. Adequate communication systems will be operational to support the
health and safety of all personnel involved in the Project.
To manage health and safety risks onsite emergency response capacity is required. The mine will
have an emergency alarm system, built into the site radios, which can be activated by the relevant
senior personnel. The emergency alarm will be broadcast across all radio frequencies at the mine.
The Project will have an air charter company and a dedicated aircraft for its fly-in fly-out operations.
In the event of an evacuation, an aircraft will be mobilised out of Cairns (2 hours) or Weipa (18
minutes) according to circumstance. Depending on the type, severity and number of injuries, it may
be more appropriate to call upon the Royal Flying Doctors out of Cairns. As a tertiary alternative
there are heli-charters that are also accessible on an hourly rate that operate out of Weipa (40
minutes) that can transport the injured to Weipa Hospital. A sufficient refuelling and landing
helicopter area will be provided for emergencies. As a last resort, the Project marine vessel fleet can
be utilised for transport to Mapoon Hospital approximately 40 km away by sea. Radio procedures
for emergency declaration will in accordance with the standard operating procedures as instructed
during site specific induction processes.
The staff will include multiple personnel trained in remote onsite first aid and suitable first aid
equipment will be available onsite, including stretchers, defibrillators and general first aid kits.
18.8.3.2 Integrated Risk Management
An Integrated Risk Management Plan for both the construction and operational phases will be
prepared prior to the commencement of construction. The plan will include the following aspects:
Occupational Health and Safety Policy;
Environmental Policy;
Operational hazard analysis;
Regular hazard audits;
Fire safety and emergency;
Response plans, including counter disaster rescue procedures;
Qualitative risk assessment; and
Construction safety.
The preliminary and ongoing method for risk and hazard analysis is illustrated in Figure 18-6. It
outlines the process involved with identifying and managing potential risks for any particular
activity. The figure also illustrates the method for continuous hazard and risk management. It is
used to guide the hazard and risk assessment for a particular activity that may have been altered or
updated.
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-30
Given design works are ongoing, the hazard and risk assessment will be reviewed prior to the
commencement of the construction and operation phases, respectively, and continually updated
throughout the Project’s lifecycle, including decommissioning and rehabilitation phases.
18.8.3.3 Continuous Improvement of Hazard and Risk Process
Metro Mining is committed to continuous improvement of the hazard and risk process. Plans and
procedures will be implemented and undertaken to reduce the identified potential hazard and risk
impacts based on results from monitoring and reviews of relevant policies. This will result in an
improvement in the Project’s management of hazards and risks. Additionally prior to the
construction of the Project, a Hazard and Operability Assessment (HAZOP) will be undertaken to
identify all potential hazards and operational problems through a detailed review of the Project, and
its equipment and operations.
Figure 18-6 Risk and hazard assessment process
18.8.3.4 Emergency Response Plan
An ERP will be developed in accordance with Guidance Note QGN 15: Emergency preparedness for
small mines and quarries issued by the Department of Natural Resources and Mines. At a regional
level the ERP considers the Cook Shire Local Disaster Management Plan as per s57 of the Disaster
Management Act 2003. The Site Senior Executive will ensure the mine has the resources and facilities
for the mine’s preparedness in reasonably foreseeable emergencies or potential emergency
situations.
The ERP will have regard to the potential risks associated with the Project construction, identify
emergency services, measures to undertake consultation with local emergency services and a
protocol for notifying appropriate authorities following the occurrence of an incident or emergency,
and detailed incident and emergency procedures.
Continuous Risk and
Hazard Management
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-31
The ERP will be developed as per legislative requirements and developed in consultation with the
Department of Community Safety, Queensland Fire and Rescue Service, Queensland Police Service
and Queensland Ambulance Service. The ERP will ensure that the potential consequence of
emergency situations, identified in the Project risk register, are minimised as far as possible. The
ERP will form a critical component of the SHMS.
All Project personnel will receive basic training, which will be incorporated into the Project
induction, regarding the prevention, the communication activities and the escalation, planning,
response to and recovery from incident or emergency. Regular environmental emergency drills are
required on high risk and likely events including marine and terrestrial spills.
To ensure the effectiveness of the Emergency Response Plan, the plan will be periodically tested,
audited and reviewed. An investigation will take place after any emergency. Inspections will take
place regularly to ensure all emergency equipment is working and has been maintained. Regular
training and testing of the emergency response workers will take place.
Contact details will be included in the Emergency Response Plan prior to commencement of
construction. Neighboring properties will be advised, as necessary.
18.8.3.5 Metro Mining SHMS
A SHMS is the highest priority for Metro Mining and the Project. The SHMS outlines the management
framework to be adhered to. The SHMS will be implemented during the following Project phases:
Conceptual and design;
Construction;
Commissioning and operations; and
Decommissioning.
The SHMS will be revised and updated as the Project progresses through its different phases.
Contractors will be required to have a SHMS which aligns with Metro Mining’s SHMS. Contractors’
Safety Management Plans will be reviewed and accepted for adoption into the Metro Mining SHMS
to ensure they meet obligations under legislated safety and health for Mines and Quarries in
Queensland.
Safe work procedures will be developed for routine tasks including, but not limited to, the following
hazards:
Driving;
Vessel loading and unloading;
Manual handling;
Slips and trips;
Interaction with mobile equipment;
Working at heights;
Working with electrical equipment, lightning;
Working with moving parts;
Falling objects;
Fatigue;
Confined spaces;
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-32
Pinch points;
Wildlife hazards;
Disease vectors;
Dust;
Noise;
Sunburn, dehydration, heat stress;
Welding and cutting; and
Hazardous substances.
18.8.4 Malicious Acts
Queensland Police Service has been identified as a key stakeholder and will be consulted in the
preparation of security plans for the Project with a view to providing assistance in terms of future
proactive patrols and enforcement activities. These will be included within the Project’s ERP.
All areas with high risk of a security breach or unauthorised public access (that is the MIA, BLF,
RoRo facility and haul roads) will be monitored and access to these areas will be from a secure entry
point. Prior to being given access to the Project area, visitors will complete mandatory registration
and an environment, health and safety induction. The scope of the induction will reflect those areas
of the Project area that the visitor will be permitted access to.
Access to Project operations will be denied to any site staff/visitor not wearing mandatory PPE that
is appropriate to the area being visited.
18.9 Qualitative Risk Assessment
A preliminary risk assessment was undertaken to identify and assess risk level and consequences
the potential hazards and risks of both natural and induced emergency situations. The emphasis of
the preliminary risk assessment is on preventing or minimising hazardous incidents onsite, which
may result in significant onsite or offsite consequences.
Prior to construction, Metro Mining will revise the preliminary risk assessment and develop risk
mitigation strategies. This will include developing SOPs, emergency planning and the completion of
a HAZOP, in accordance with the risk assessment methodologies detailed in this chapter.
The preliminary risk assessment for construction and operational hazards is summarised in Table 18-2. The table presents the preliminary results of the assessment of potential hazards to people and environment. After identifying the range of hazards considered likely to occur, the following matters were considered for each hazard in the preliminary risk assessment:
Design controls and mitigation measures identified for each hazard, including prevention and response measures;
The impact that could occur as a result of each hazard;
The consequences of each impact if they were to occur, including direct impacts of incidents and the potential for escalation and secondary incidents;
The likelihood of events occurring and leading to an impact;
The likelihood of each impact occurring, taking into account the proposed controls; and
The extent to which hazard risk profiles are reduced as a consequence of implementing control and mitigation measures (residual risk).
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-33
Table 18-2 Preliminary risk assessment for construction and operational activities
Hazard Impact
Unmitigated Risk Mitigation Measures
Residual Risk
L C R L C R
Natural Hazards
Bushfire occurrence
Access to the Project area is restricted
for emergency services;
Ignition of fuel storages onsite;
Endanger workers and infrastructure;
and
Evacuation from the site is restricted.
5 2 M
Site specific Bushfire Management Plan established prior to the commencement
of construction;
Emergency response procedures imbedded into SHMS;
Fire protection infrastructure imbedded into site design and progressively
installed during construction;
Ongoing consultation with authorities and surrounding landholders regarding
fuel load management;
ERP to be prepared in consultation with emergency services; and
Induction and refresher training of all staff in the ERP.
5 3 L
Coastal erosion
Increased coastal erosion from
clearing of mangroves and alterations
to shoreline; and Changes to navigational channel.
2 3 H
Access restricted to defined areas to minimise impacts to shoreline and
estuarine environment; and
Construction on shoreline will incorporate protection and design to minimise
coastal erosion in location of the infrastructure.
4 4 L
Coastal processes
Potential for tugs and barges to run
aground if coastal processes are not
monitored.
4 3 M
Adhere to vessel speed limits; and
Follow designated movement channel inside Skardon River and avoid areas
designated as no-go zones.
4 4 L
Flood occurrence
Pit flooding;
Loss of chemicals and contamination
of surface water and groundwater;
Loss of bauxite into the Skardon River;
and
Damage from dislodged debris.
5 2 M
Construction activities at site shut down over wet season;
Routine monitoring;
Additional onsite resources and training provided to nominated staff to attend
to emergencies;
ERP to be prepared in consultation with emergency services; and
Induction and refresher training of all staff in the ERP.
5 3 L
Cyclone or storm event
Access to the Project area is restricted
for emergency services;
Damage to infrastructure and
potential loss of contaminants
Sediment loss to watercourses;
Health and safety of employees and
the community from storm surge,
flooding and wind-blown debris; and
2 4 M
Installation of cyclone rated moorings for barges and marine vessels in an area
nominated by MSQ;
Cyclone rated infrastructure certified as a Registered Professional Engineer of
Queensland;
Ongoing consultation with the Weipa emergency services coordination centre;
and
Weather monitoring during construction.
5 3 L
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-34
Hazard Impact
Unmitigated Risk Mitigation Measures
Residual Risk
L C R L C R
Damage to conveyor and jetty
infrastructure from storm surge and
waves.
Dangerous Goods Storage and Handling
Dangerous goods leaking during transport and transfer
Contamination of soils, groundwater
and surface water;
Damage to ecological, cultural and
recreational areas; and
Health impacts to terrestrial and
marine fauna and wetlands.
4 3 M
Transport in accordance with the IMDG Code;
Ensure contractors are responsible and adhere to maritime and road rules,
speed limits and use lights while driving;
First aid, firefighting and spill response kits will be available on all marine vessels
and vehicles carrying dangerous goods and relevant personnel trained in the use
of these items;
Marine safety implemented and contractor transportation to comply with
Transport Operations (Marine Safety) Act 1994; and
All regulated contractors to comply with Transport Operations (Marine
Pollution) Act 1995.
5 3 L
Diesel transport, storage and transfer
Contamination of soils, groundwater
and surface water; and
Human health impacts from
contamination of water supply.
2 3 M
Storage tanks, bunds and transfer facilities will be designed, constructed and
operated in accordance with AS1940;
PPE and spill response equipment will be available onsite;
Storage and ‘dirty’ areas will drained to dirty water dams;
All appropriate personnel will be trained in fuel storage, transport and transfer
procedures;
Pressure vent valves checked prior to fill/discharge;
Use of double-skinned logistic barge to transport fuel to the site;
Use of experienced operators to transport fuel to site; and
Water cooling system on each tank.
5 4 L
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-35
Hazard Impact
Unmitigated Risk Mitigation Measures
Residual Risk
L C R L C R
Fire in a storage facility caused by the inadequate storage of hazardous substances
Bushfire caused as a result of onsite
fire;
Human injury or death as a result of a
fire or explosion; and
Loss of vegetated areas as a result of
a bushfire.
4 2 H
All products appropriately segregated;
Thermal sensors and/or smoke detectors to be installed and linked to alarm;
Storage areas to be constructed and bunded in accordance with AS1940;
Flame proof wiring to be used in dangerous goods storage areas;
Suitable level of security to be maintained;
Sources of ignition strictly controlled;
Minimal quantities to be stored onsite;
All lighting to be intrinsically safe;
Drum storage or drum height restricted; and
Storage to be located at least 500 m from the Project boundary.
5 3 L
Storage facility (dangerous goods store) – catastrophic loss of containment
Contamination of soils, groundwater
and surface water;
Contamination of Skardon River
given the topography of the area;
and
Human health impacts from
contamination of water supply.
3 3 H
As above;
Strategies to be developed as part of emergency planning to notify stakeholders
in such an event; and
Design and construction of storage areas and bunds will be in accordance with
AS1940.
5 3 L
Diesel leaking from the storage tanks (pipework failure, overfilling, valve failure)
Contamination of soils, groundwater
and surface water; and
Human health impacts from
contamination of water supply.
3 3 H
Storage tanks, bunds and transfer facilities will be designed, constructed and
operated in accordance with AS1940;
Spill response equipment will be available onsite;
Storage and ‘dirty’ areas will drained to dirty water dams;
Appropriate personnel will be trained in fuel storage, transport and transfer
procedures;
Pressure vent valves checked prior to fill and discharge; and
Water cooling system on each tank.
4 4 L
Surface material handling –contaminants from runoff and dust
Contamination of soils, groundwater
and surface water;
Erosion plumes/sediment loss; and
Human health impacts from
contamination of water supply.
3 3 H
Operational controls will include watering of roads and imposition of speed
restrictions;
Reduce ore stockpile if significant prolonged rainfall or flood events are
predicted; and
Secure and evacuate site if significant flooding is predicted to occur as per site
evacuation procedures.
4 4 L
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-36
Hazard Impact
Unmitigated Risk Mitigation Measures
Residual Risk
L C R L C R
Health and Safety
Incident involving an authorised visitor
Death or injury of authorised visitor
as a result of falls, drowning or
contact with vehicles or equipment.
4 2 H
Provide inductions for all authorised visitors prior to or directly upon entry to
the Project area;
Ensure all areas where drowning hazards may occur are adequately signed
and appropriate rescue equipment is available; and
All vehicles onsite must be approved with fixed warning lights to make
visitors aware of when they are in danger of coming in contact with them.
5 3 L
Unauthorised access to site by non-personnel
Death or injury as a result of
potential falls or contact with
equipment.
4 2 H
Ensure adequate monitoring and signage prevents unauthorised personnel
from entering the Project area; and
Maintain efficient security measures and public notification to ensure non-
personnel understand the risk of trespassing.
5 3 L
Bauxite dust Human health impacts from the
migration of bauxite dust. 4 4 L
Water sprays on unsealed roads;
Restricting vehicle speeds on unsealed haul roads to reduce dust generation
and keep vehicles to well-defined roads;
Treat or cover stockpiled material to prevent wind erosion;
Minimise topsoil and vegetation removal, and revegetate disturbed areas as
soon as possible;
Enclosed cabins to minimise operator exposure.
Limit the ore storage quantities onsite;
Dust monitoring undertaken; and
Visual monitoring of dust levels migrating from the Project area.
5 3 L
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-37
Hazard Impact
Unmitigated Risk Mitigation Measures
Residual Risk
L C R L C R
Traffic collisions – onsite
Human injury or death as a result of
collision. 3 2 H
Ensure operators are licensed and competent;
Enforce zero alcohol and illegal drugs policy;
Develop and enforce fatigue management policy;
Driver fatigue management to be incorporated into the SHMS;
Enforce speed restrictions;
Ensure in-vehicle communications equipment;
Ensure communication policy between vehicles in operational area;
Ensure roll-over protective structures fitted to vehicles as appropriate;
Ensure regular vehicle maintenance schedule; and
Transport of dangerous goods or hazardous substances to be carried out in
accordance with the ADG Code.
5 3 L
Marine vessel collision, grounding or strike
Property damage, human injury or
death;
Oil spill; and
Loss of contaminates to the marine
environment.
4 2 H
Adherence to navigational procedures and observation of aids;
Shipping management plan in place;
Defined pilotage regimes; and
Oil spill response equipment and training.
5 2 M
Workplace health and safety incident during the construction or operation phase
Human injury or death as a result of a
construction or operational related
accident; and
Human injury or death as a result of
insufficient medical provisions
available onsite.
4 2 H
Fall from height controls;
Continuous site safety assessment, induction of new staff and visitors, and
regular training of staff;
Site safety management system incorporating risk assessments, SOPs, job
safety analyses (JSAs) and job hazard analyses;
Experienced supervision;
Licensed and competent operators;
Welding safety practices;
Contractor and supplier selection;
Appropriate PPE provided to all staff and required of all visitors;
Regular vehicle and equipment maintenance; and
Ensure industry standard or best practice work controls for all operations.
5 1 M
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-38
Hazard Impact
Unmitigated Risk Mitigation Measures
Residual Risk
L C R L C R
Oil, fuel or chemical leaks from vehicles
Contamination of soils, groundwater
and surface water; and
Human health impacts from
contamination of water supply.
3 3 H
Regular vehicle maintenance at authorised repair workshops offsite, where
possible;
First aid, firefighting and spill response kits will be available on all trucks
carrying dangerous goods and all drivers will be trained in the use of these
items;
Storage and handling of hazardous materials in accordance with AS1940; and
Refuelling and material handling in spill containment areas with spill
recovery.
See Chapter 10 – Water Resources for more details on mitigation measures for
surface water and groundwater protection.
4 4 L
Oil, fuel or chemical leaks from stationary plant
Contamination of soils, groundwater
and surface water; and
Human health impacts from
contamination of water supply.
3 3 H
Regular equipment maintenance of authorised offsite or contained onsite
repair workshops;
Storage and handling of hazardous materials in accordance with AS1940;
Refuelling and materials handling in spill containment areas with spill
recovery equipment;
Drainage system designed to exclude hazardous chemical spills;
Regular review of HAZOP policy and SOPs;
Regular training of staff in HAZOP policy and procedures;
SDS available at all onsite hazardous material storage and handling sites and
with Environmental Manager; and
Appropriate PPE for staff involved in handling or containing hazchems.
4 4 L
Exposure to high voltage or contact with electrified wires
Human injury or death as a result
exposure to high voltage wires. 5 2 M
All onsite power transmission sources will be appropriately designed and will
follow current industry standards and design certification requirements;
Ensure appropriate separation of construction and traffic areas from
overhead or underground electricity supply lines;
Implement a Control of Energy (isolation) procedure;
Ensure induction and site familiarity of staff; and
Ensure training of staff in first responder first aid.
5 3 L
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-39
Hazard Impact
Unmitigated Risk Mitigation Measures
Residual Risk
L C R L C R
Failure of the ERP Human injury or death as a result of
uncoordinated emergency response. 4 2 H
Induction and refresher training of all staff in the ERPs;
Maintained and operational backup systems for all operational areas;
Regular drills and training for various scenarios;
Zero tolerance policy of non-compliance with ERPs; and
Dedicated onsite first-aid provisions.
5 3 L
Sewage treatment facility failure
Contamination of soils, groundwater
and surface water; and
Human health impacts from
contamination of water supply.
4 3 M Regular maintenance and monitoring of system and backup system; and
Secondary capture and isolation built into site water management system. 5 3 L
Use of recycled waste onsite
Transmission of bacteria and/or
viruses by contact, dispersion of
aerosols and ingestion of recycled
water.
4 3 M
Do not spray recycled water in windy conditions;
Maintain appropriate buffer zone between spray area and areas used by
people;
Provide appropriate PPE to workers exposed in recycled water areas; and
Workers to be informed of correct hygiene practices when around recycled
water.
5 3 L
Encounter with or bite from crocodiles, venomous snakes and insects and other dangerous fauna
Human injury or death as a result of
uncoordinated emergency response. 1 4 M
Provide staff with appropriate PPE when working outdoors where venomous
snakes and/or insects may occur;
Provide workforce awareness training in relation to crocodiles, venomous
snakes and biting insects;
Ensure an appropriate portion of staff are trained in crocodiles, venomous
snake handling and first aid;
Ensure appropriate first aid equipment is readily available onsite;
Provide training to all personnel for awareness of dangerous fauna such as
wild pigs and dogs; and
Dedicated onsite first-aid provisions.
5 3 L
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-40
Hazard Impact
Unmitigated Risk Mitigation Measures
Residual Risk
L C R L C R
Disease vectors (e.g. insects, rodents etc.)
Human injury or death as a result of
pest proliferation onsite. 4 2 H
Waste disposal bins will be located onsite to facilitate collection of rubbish in
a clean, safe and hygienic manner, prior to removal from site by licensed
contractors;
Dedicated and appropriately signed waste management and transfer zones;
Refuse bins will be covered to contain odour, reduce Leachate and prevent
vermin;
Waste which is known to attract vermin will be stored and handled in an
appropriate manner; and
Appropriate chemical control measures will be utilised as appropriate to
mitigate adverse health conditions.
5 3 L
Ponding of water resulting in breeding habitat for mosquitoes or other biting insects
Human injury or death as a result of
pest proliferation onsite. 2 3 H
Develop and implement a Water Management System designated to prevent
pooling of still water or creation of favourable mosquito habitat; and
Regular maintenance of all structures associated with storage or treatment of
recycled water.
4 4 L
Tropical disease, heat exposure
Human injury or death from tropical
disease, infection or heat exposure. 2 3 H
Dedicated onsite first-aid provisions; and
Education in heat management and identification of tropical disease. 4 3 M
Cumulative strain on emergency services
State emergency services strained by
onsite emergency and are unable to
attend to another emergency.
4 3 M
Metro Mining will liaise with emergency services to understand and mitigate
limitations of resources;
Additional onsite resources and training provided to nominated staff to
attend to emergencies (onsite and support offsite emergencies); and
An ERP to be prepared in consultation with emergency services.
4 4 L
Public liability Exposing the state to claims as a
result of an onsite incident. 4 3 M
All measures proposed above implemented to minimise the likelihood of a
potential incident; and
Community liaisons undertaken to ensure local community aware of risks.
5 3 L
Malicious Acts
External/internal malicious acts
Public or worker injury; and
Damage to property. 4 3 M
Access point will be via secure entry;
Access points will be monitored; and
Visitors will complete mandatory registration and an environment, health
and safety induction.
4 4 L
(C = Consequence: L = Likelihood: R = Risk)
Bauxite Hills Project Hazards and Safety
18-41
18.10 Summary
The hazards and risks considered in this assessment are common to barging and mining operations
in a tropical remote environment. This assessment identified the potential impacts associated with
natural hazards, dangerous goods transport and storage, bauxite mining and malicious acts.
Natural hazards, such as bushfires, coastal erosion and inundation, flooding, tropical storms and
cyclones, drought and climate change, and consequent risks are considered to be low. Natural and
anthropogenic-related bushfire are regular occurrences within the vicinity of the Project. The
Project is located in a bushfire hazard area of medium potential threat. Metro Mining will implement
a Fire Management Plan in partnership with Mapoon Land and Sea Rangers.
The site is located in a coastal area considered to be vulnerable to coastal erosion and inundation.
Buildings, workshops and storage areas will be located outside erosion prone areas and as far
landward as practicable and vehicle and other machinery movements on beaches will be avoided or
minimised. The BLF will be constructed on elevated ground.
Flood modelling of the Skardon River was carried out for a range of scenarios up to the probable
maximum flood. Simulation results indicated that the extent of inundation is generally confined
within the river waterways, with some widespread inundation of the broader floodplain caused by
the increased ocean levels associated with a storm tide. With regard to elevation, the bauxite
resource and the majority of the Project’s operations are located on a plateau that rises
approximately 8 to 15 m above the floodplain, and unlikely to be affected by riverine flooding. The
BLF and RoRo facility are located adjacent to and within the Skardon River and will be designed to
manage changes in river levels, including during periods of spring tides and storm generated high
waters.
Tropical storms and cyclones have the potential to affect the Project during the wet season, typically
between December and April. These natural hazards present a risk to the health and safety of
employees, environment and the integrity of infrastructure. There is a low risk of these
aforementioned risks as the Project activities will occur during the dry season. A contingency plan
that is consistent with existing emergency procedures will be implemented to ensure that if a
tropical storm or cyclone does occur during the dry or wet season potential risks are avoided and
minimised.
Climate change is not anticipated to be a significant risk given the anticipated life of the Project is
12 years, 2017 to 2028. Climate change predictions have been made for the year 2070 therefore the
interim changes in weather patterns is not quantified but are impacts are inferred from the 2070
predictions. The potential changes to rainfall, temperature and winds, as a result of climate change,
are negligible. Metro Mining does not foresee climate change as having a discernible impact on the
Project in the short term and does not propose to make any specific changes to the Project planning
or operations as a result of predicted climate changes.
Transporting and the storage of dangerous goods and hazardous substances if managed incorrectly
could cause harm to the environment, workers and the public. All hazardous substances will be
stored in accordance with AS1940. All containers which hold dangerous or hazardous goods will be
appropriately labelled and SDSs will be made available for all substances in accordance with the
NOHSC. Transport of hazardous substances will be by sea and will be subject to the IMDG Code
(2008 edition).
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Health and safety risks associated with the Project relate to noise, ergonomics, trauma, fatigue, heat,
tropical diseases and venomous/dangerous animals. Metro Mining will implement a rigorous SHMS
which will set out a framework and detailed safety procedures to manage the safety and health of
its employees. In the event of an emergency Metro Mining will have detailed processes outlined in
the ERP and prior implemented arrangements with emergency management departments to ensure
emergencies are managed in a prompt, safe and efficient manner to protect the site property,
environment and the community. Specific areas will be provided for emergency services to access
the site. A Project risk register and appropriate controls, including training, engineering, design,
procedural and physical controls will be in place to manage any onsite hazards.
Malicious acts pose a safety risk to the public and workers through injury or property damage. The
risks are considered to be low given the remote location and the inability to access the site by road.
All secure entry points will be monitored and visitors will complete mandatory registration and an
environment, health and safety induction.
It is assumed that new technologies and innovations are to be expected throughout the Project's
operational life and as such will alter current baseline risk assessment results which have been
currently undertaken.
Project construction and operational preliminary risk assessment results indicated that the baseline
health and safety risk profile varied from low to high. Once mitigation measures and design
treatments were applied to the assessed hazards, residual risk scores were reduced to ‘low’ or
‘medium’.
The assessed hazards that were ranked with a ‘medium’ residual risk level included:
Traffic collisions due to increased traffic as a result of the Project. Such collisions have the
potential to occur on any road used for access to the Project;
Cumulative strain on emergency services. Metro Mining will be required to consult with those
emergency service agencies in the area to ensure that resources are sufficient to mitigate the
increased risks associated with the Project;
Human injury or death as a result of a construction or operational related accident. A robust
SHMS will be implemented into the culture, risks will be managed through detailed SOPs and
JSAs;
Human injury or death from tropical disease, infection or heat exposure. Metro Mining will have
onsite first aid provisions and will undertake training in heat management identification of
tropical diseases; and
Property damage, human injury or ecosystem damage from a marine incident, including
collision, marine strike or grounding. Metro Mining will manage this risk by having a detailed
shipping management plan, safety navigational aids, defined pilotage regimes and oil spill
response equipment and training.
Importantly, the preliminary risk assessment did not identify any ‘extreme’ ranking risks.
Overall the risks to community receptors, environmental sensitive receptors can be considered
acceptable.
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18.11 Commitments
Metro Mining’s commitments, in relation to the Project’s hazard and safety risks, are provided in
Table 18-3.
Table 18-3 Commitments – hazards and safety
Commitments
Develop an Emergency Response Plan in consultation with emergency service departments and the Weipa Town Authority, prior to construction.
Develop a Fire Management Plan.
Implement a Safety and Health Management System detailing the safety procedures to manage the health and safety of its employees. Prepare an Integrated Risk Management Plan for both the construction and operational phases prior to the commencement of construction.
Develop a Project risk register and appropriate controls to manage any onsite hazards and reassess the existing risks and identify any additional mitigation measures.
Communicate potential risks and associated mitigation measures during site inductions.
Self-sufficient initial onsite emergency response, including spill and fire response and first aid.
18.12 ToR Cross-reference
Table 18-4 ToR cross-reference – hazards and safety
Terms of Reference Section of the EIS
8.13 Hazards and Safety
Objectives
The construction and operation of the project should aim to ensure:
the risk of, and the adverse impacts from, natural and man-made hazards are avoided, minimised or mitigated to protect people and property
Noted the community’s resilience to natural hazards is maintained or enhanced
developments involving the storage and handling of hazardous materials are appropriately located, designed and constructed to minimise health and safety risks to communities and individuals and adverse effects on the environment.
Information Requirements
8.13.1 Describe the potential risks to people and property that may be associated with the project in the form of a preliminary risk assessment for all components of the project and in accordance with relevant standards.
Section 18.6 – Potential Impacts
Section 18.9 – Qualitative Risk Assessment
Note wildlife hazards discussed in Chapter 8 – Biosecurity
The assessment should include:
potential hazards, accidents, spillages, fire and abnormal events that may occur during all stages of the project, including estimated probabilities of occurrence
identifying all hazardous substances to be used, stored, processed or produced and the rate of usage
potential wildlife hazards (e.g. mosquitos, crocodiles), natural events (e.g. cyclone, storm tide inundation, flooding, bushfire) and implications related to climate change.
how the project may potentially affect hazards away from the project site (e.g. changing flooding characteristics).
8.13.2 Provide details on the safeguards that would reduce the likelihood and severity of hazards, consequences and risks to persons, within and adjacent to the project area(s).
Section 18.7 – Management and Mitigation Measures
Section 18.9 – Qualitative Risk Assessment
Identify the residual risk following application of mitigation measures.
Present an assessment of the overall acceptability of the impacts of the project in light of the residual uncertainties and risk profile.
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8.13.3 Provide an outline of the proposed integrated emergency management planning procedures (including evacuation plans and availability of health services) for the range of situations identified in the risk assessment developed in this section, including natural hazard events.
Section 18.8.3 – Bauxite Hills Mining Health and Safety
8.13.4 Outline any consultation undertaken with the relevant emergency management authorities, including the Local Disaster Management Group and health support agencies.
Chapter 1 – Introduction includes consultation.