MATTER(ATOMS, ELEMENTS, MOLECULES,

AND COMPOUNDS)

Matter Study Guide

www.middleschoolscience.com

•Anything that has a mass and a volume

Close up view of atoms and their behavior

Animated images are from http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/

•Changing from one state to another is a Physical Change.

•If a new substance is formed it is a Chemical Change.

Images are from http://www.chem4kids.com

• The building blocks of Matter•The smallest unit of Matter• Consists of Protons (+), Electrons (-),

and Neutrons (N).

• Consists of only one kind of atom, • Cannot be broken down into a simpler type of matter

by either physical or chemical means• Can exist as either atoms or molecules.

Images are from http://www.chem4kids.com

• A molecule consists of two or more atoms of the same element, or different elements, that are chemically bound together. It is the smallest unit of a compound

• In the animation above, two nitrogen atoms (N + N = N2) make one Nitrogen molecule .

Animated images and notes from http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/atoms/elements.html

• Atoms of two or more different elements chemically bound together.

• Can be separated into elements chemically, but not physically.

In the animation above, water (H20) is a compound made of Hydrogen and Oxygen.

•They are substances held together by physical forces, not chemical.

• Can be separated physically.

Mixtures

Example: Sand in a glass of water

Example: The ingredients in salad dressing

Solutions

Solutions are groups of molecules that are mixed up in a completely even distribution

Example: Sugar and Water

Solutions are also mixtures.

Solute

Solvent

The one doing the dissolving .Water is the universal solvent. (most thingsdissolve in water.)

The one that is dissolved.

Parts of an Atom

Nucleus - is in the center of the atom and contains most of its mass. The nucleus is always positively charged. It contains protons and neutrons. + + + +

Protons are positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus. + + + +

Parts of the AtomNeutrons have NO charge and are subatomic particles found in the nucleus. (N)

Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles and found outside of the nucleus in orbital shells. - - - -

ACROSTIC POEM – You have done these before. All

must relate to your word.

You are to use one of the following words: atoms, molecule,

compound, element, or mixture. Use complete sentences.

S

The one doing the diss Olving is a solvent.

L

U

Wa Ter is the universal solvent.

A solution Is a mixture.

O

N

THE PERIODIC TABLE OF

ELEMENTS

All know elements are arranged

systematically in a table called THE

PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS.

They are arranged in order by their

ATOMIC NUMBER and grouped

according to their chemical

properties.

Atomic mass is the average mass of the atoms of an element. (the protons plus neutrons.)

Atomic number is JUST the protons. (in normal atoms the number of electrons is the same as the protons.)

Atomic mass and #

Electrons

Protons

Neutrons