1 Professional Education for the Security Industry Professional Education for the Security Industry

MATT BRETOI

FLIR Systems, Inc. Ph: 941.726.8121

Email: matt.bretoi@flir.com

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AIA Provider Statement

• FLIR Systems is a Registered Provider with The American

Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems (AIA/CES). Credit(s) earned on completion of this program will be reported to AIA/CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request. This program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.

• Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

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Course Description

Surveillance cameras are specified for daytime and/or

nighttime performance. Proper specification and

application involves a basic understanding of the

performance differences between thermal and visible

cameras. These performance levels are mainly

determined by the imager (chip) technology employed in

the camera. This course provides fundamental

knowledge of each type of imager technology, their

application, and current and future developments

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Learning Objectives

At the end of this program, participants will be able to: • Understand the benefits and limitations of thermal

imaging • Understand the different types of imagers available in

the infrared spectrum • Determine the important performance measurements

of a thermal imager • Understand what is needed to specify and apply

thermal imagers

1. Describe the fundamental sensing mechanisms of thermal imagers. 2. Compare CMOS vs. CCD visible imager chip performance. 3. Determine when thermal cameras should be specified. 4. Compare thermal imagers from visible imagers under varying light and weather conditions.

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Thermal Imaging Technology Adoption Curve

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Detect

Recognize/Assess

Identify

Thermal

Visual

Applying Thermal for Security:

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Visible Light Spectrum

400 nm

500 nm

600 nm

700 nm

Gamma Rays

X-Rays

Ultra Violet Visible

Infrared

Microwaves

Radio

10-4nm

1nm

1µm

1mm

1m

• The “Light” humans see

• The Color Spectrum

• TV cameras are completely dependent upon reflected visible light

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2.5 µm

5 µm

8 µm

14 µm

Gamma Rays

X-Rays

Ultra Violet Visible

Microwaves

Radio

10-4nm

1nm

1µm

1mm

1m

Infrared

• “Heat” everything emits heat

• High penetration of smoke and even light fog

• Unaffected by light or darkness

Thermal Spectrum

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Different Wavelengths involved

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Three ranges of Thermal detectors: • SWIR: Short Wave Infrared

- 1200nm to 3000 nm (1.2-3 microns)

• MWIR: Mid-Wave Infrared - 3000 to 5000nm (3-5 microns) - Cooled thermal imagers (long range performance) wCryogenically cooled wMaintenance involved

• LWIR: Long-wave Infrared

- 7000nm to 14000nm - Uncooled thermal imagers (short to medium range) wSolid state electronics wNo Maintenance wLong term MTBF

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Imaging example 1:

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Imaging example 2:

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Imaging through rain, snow, and fog:

Thermal Visible

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Imaging through snow:

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Imaging comparison

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Components of a Thermal Imager

Detector / Microbolometer

-Vanadium Oxide

-Amorphous Silicone

-Barium Stronium Titinate (not a microbolometer)

Focal Plane Array (FPA)

Cooled or Uncooled

Optical Imaging Engine

Detector Dewar/Cooler

Assembly (DDCA)

Final Packaging Enclosure,

App Software, UI

Thermal Imaging System

Silicon ROIC

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Important Specifications of Thermal Imagers:

• Type of detector - Vox vs. aSi vs. BST for uncooled thermal imagers

• Sensitivity of detector- measured as Net delta T in mK - See 40mK to 100mK in the commercial sector

• Field of View options, not Focal Length - Focal length does not translate to the same FoV in thermal

as it does with CCD or CMOS imagers • Resolution

- 160x120 vs. 320x240 vs. 640x480 • Analog and IP versions are prevalent

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Rapid Migration to 640x480 sensors

Industry Trend

Mid Format Detectors Large Format Detectors 320 x 240 Pixels 640 x 480 Pixels

Having only 76,800 pixels to capture information about the scene

Having 307,200 pixels to capture information about the scene

4x the resolution of mid format arrays. More pixels means better image quality, creating greater detection capability than mid format sensors,

which has created the move to high definition.

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False Color Palettes

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Typical Perimeter Layout w/ Thermal Imaging and Analytics

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This concludes Inside the Camera- Visible and Thermal

imagers Course # CNL1111T1S1

MATT BRETOI FLIR Systems

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