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FACULTAD DE INGENIERA CIVIL
CURSO : TECNOLOGA DE LOS MATERIALES
PROFESOR: ING. WALTER OLIVEROS GUZMANGRUPO: N 4SECCIN: AINTEGRANTES: AREVALO CHINGANA, EDSON
CARRANZA ACOSTA, IVAN
DIEGO CRUZ, RUBEN
LPEZ UI!ONES, MIGUELPACHECO CASAS, RO"
TREVE#O UINTO, IVAN
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL
FEDERICO VILLARREAL
MATERIALES SINTTICOS
2014
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CONCEPTO
S$%&'()*'% + +*%&*(&'% %&-$)&$-'% ('&$-'/0' 1$ )'-)(+ 2$(&3 53 + 6$//*)*7( 23%( +$-'(& $( *(&-8'/3 +&92-'&$-' 2-32*+'+% + /'%&*)*+'+ ;*6*/*+'+ 1$2-9*&( 93/+'-/'% '+'2&'-/'% ' +*
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DESARROLLO MATERIALES
SINTTICOS
E( /' +=)'+' +/ >?, 1$@9*)3% I(/%% +%)$6-*-3( 1$ / '%&*/(3 23/*9-*0'6' 6'53 /' '))*7( +/ )'/3- 2-%*7(
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EL AVANCE DE LA INGENIERA DELOS MATERIALES SINTTICOS
E( /'% +=)'+'% + JK? JK>? '2'-)*7$( 6$( (9-3 + ($83% 2-3+$)&3%,)393 / &'(3'&3 + )/$/3%' ')&'&3 +)/$/3%', $&*/*0'(+3 ( / 93/+3 +-%*('% 6-'% / 23/*)*3-$-3 + 8*(*/3PVC, 92/'(+3 ( &$6-@'% -)$6-*9*(&3 + 8*(*/3.
U(3% + /3% 2/%&*)3% 9% 232$/'-%+%'--3//'+3% +$-'(& %& 2-*3+3 % /9&')-*'/'&3 + 9&*/3 23/*9-*0'+32/;*/%, %& 9'&-*'/ &*(2-32*+'+% 72&*)'% ;)/(&% 2$+$&*/*0'-% 2'-' ', % )'-')&-*0'6'( 23- %$ '/&'-%*%&()*' ' /' '/&-')*7( 1$@9*)' 9)(*)' ' 6'5'% &92-'&$-'% 23- %$%)'%' '6%3-)*7( + '$'.
E/ PTFE % %*(&&*0'+3 23- 2-*9-' 80( JK>, % )39-)*'/*03 )3( / (396-
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MATERIA PRIMAE( / 2-*()*2*3, /' 9'3-@' + /3% 9'&-*'/% %*(&=&*)3% %
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MANUFACTURAS P'-'
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MATERIA PRIMAPRODUCTOS
INTERMEDIARIOS
MATERIASPLSTICAS
A(*9'/% L) C'%@(' G'/'/*&' L'(*&'/
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)/3
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M*(-'/%
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P3/*=%&-%,23/*%&*-(3,
/'%&79-3% 3)'$)3% %*(&=&*)3%
F(3/N/3(, -%*('%
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POLMEROS L3% 23/@9-3% % 2-3+$)( 23- /' $(*7( + )*(&3% + 9*/% + 93/=)$/'%
21$'% +(39*('+'% 93(79-3% -$23%
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TIPOS Y CLASIFICACI.N*
SEG/N SU COMPOSICI.N UMICA*J. P3/@9-3% *(3-(*)3%.. P3/@9-3% 3-(*)3%.
.SEG/N SU ORIGEN*J. P3/@9-3% ('&$-'/%.. P3/@9-3% + &-'(%
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POLIPROPILENO* E% $( 9'&-*'/ &-932/%&*)3 9$ ;*6/ 1$
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POLICLORURO DE VINILO PVC* E/ PVC % $( 9'&-*'/ /*-3, *(-& )392/&'9(&
*(3)$3, -%*%&(& '/
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POLIESTIRENO PS*E/ 23/*%&*-(3 PS % $( 23/@9-3 &-932/%&*)3 1$ % 36&*( +
/' 23/*9-*0')*7( +/ %&*-(3.E/ P3/*%&*-(3 E;2'(+*+3 EPS % $(' %2$9' -@*+' /*-', '$(1$
;&-'3-+*('-*'9(&
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POLIETILENO PE*E/ 23/*&*/(3 PE % 1$@9*)'9(& / 23/@9-3 9% %*92/.
E/ 23/*&*/(3 % $( 9'&-*'/ ;*6/, -%*%&(&, /*8*'(3,
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AS-ESTOS*L'% ;)/(&% 2-32*+'+% 1$ 2-%(&' / '9*'(&3 '*%/'(&%, 9)(*)'%,1$@9*)'%, + -%*%&()*' '/ )'/3- ' /'% //'9'% %$ -/'&*83 6'53 )3%&3,2$+( ;2/*)'- %$% ($9-3%'% '2/*)')*3(% *(+$%&-*'/%, '%@ )393 / )3
+ 1$ $-, 3 '' $-'+3 +$-'(& 9$)3% '3%, ( /' )3923%*)*7( +9$)@%*93% 2-3+$)&3% 3 ')'6'+3% *(+$%&-*'/%.
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POLIURETANO*
E%& % $( 2-3+$)&3 1$ % 2-%(&'( /' )3(%&-$))*7( (
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POLISTER*E% $(3 + /3% 2/%&*)3% + 9'% &'-+@' 36&()*7(. T-93%&'6/, -%*%&(& ' /3%)*+3%, '*%/'(& &=-9*)3, *+-39=&-*)3, &*( $(' ;&-'3-+*('-*' -%*%&()*'
9)(*)'. S $%' ( /'
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SILICONA * L' %*/*)3(' % ;*6/ %$'8 '/ &')&3,
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RESINAS ACRLICOS* E% $( 2/%&*)3 9$ -%*%&(& )3( )$'/*+'+% 72&*)' 2$+ 2-9'()-
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FI-RA DE VIDRIO*L'% 6-'% + 8*+-*3 %3( 6$(3% '*%/'(&% &=-9*)3% +6*+3 ' %$ '/&3 @(+*)
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353%, ('-*0 '-'(&' /' 2*/.
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FI-RA DE CAR-ONO* L' 6-' + )'-63(3 % $(' 6-' %*(&=&*)' )3(%&*&$*+' 23- (3%
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APLICACIONESL3% 2/%&*)3% 9'&-*'/% %*(&=&*)3% &*(( )'+' 80 9'% '2/*)')*3(% ( /3%
%)&3-% *(+$%&-*'/% + )3(%$93.L' *((*-@' + /' )3(%&-$))*7( % 3&-3 + /3% %)&3-% 1$ 9'% % $&*/*0' &3+3&*23 + 2/%&*)3%. E/ 23/*&*/(3 + '/&' +(%*+'+ % $%' ( &$6-@'%, +/ 9*%9393+3 1$ / PVC. E%& % 92/' &'96*=( (
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LOS MATERIALES SINTTICOS EN LA INGENIERA CIVIL
L3% /9(&3% %*(&=&*)3% '( %*+3 %2)*'/9(& )3()6*+3% 2'-''2/*)')*3(% ( /'% 1$ % -1$*-' $( 2-3+$)&3 /&-'+3 + )'/*+'+ %$2-*3-.D6*+3 ' /'% )'-')&-@%&*)'% 2-32*+'+% + /'% 9'&-*'% 2-*9'% )3( /'% 1$%
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GEOSINTTICOSL3% 3%*(&=&*)3% %3( $( -$23 + 9'&-*'/%
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GEOTE3TILES*
S3( &/'% )3( +*8-%'% %&-$)&$-'%, )$3% /9(&3%
*(+*8*+$'/% %3( 6-'%, /'9(&3%, 3 )*(&'% + 2/%&*)3. S3(9'&-*'/% 2-9'6/% 1$ 2$+( %- &5*+3% 3 (3 &5*+3% % $&*/*0'( (-'/9(& 2'-' /&-'- )3(+$)*- $*+3%,%2'-'- %$/3% + +*
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GEOMEN-RANAS*
S3( /9*('% + 9$ 6'5'2-9'6*/*+'+ 1$ %92/'( )393 6'---'%*+-$/*)'% -//(3%%'(*&'-*3%, %//'+3 + -*&'%( 2-%'% &$63%.
S
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GEOMALLAS O GEOREDES*
S3( /9(&3% %&-$)&$-'/% 1$ % $&*/*0'( 2'-' +*%&-*6$*- /'
)'-' 1$ &-'(%9*&( &--'2/(%, )*9(&')*3(% 2'8*9(&3%,%36- &--(3% + 6'5' )'2')*+'+ 23-&'(&, 3 6*( )393/9(&3% + -
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GEODRENES*
S3( +-(% 2-
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GEOMANTAS*
S3( /9*('% -/'&*8'9(& -$%'%
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FIN