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Modern AutomotiveModern Automotive Technology Technology

Chapter 8Chapter 8

Basic Electricity andBasic Electricity and

ElectronicsElectronics

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Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

z Explain the principles of electricity

z

Describe the action of electricityz Compare voltage, current (amps) and

resistance (ohms).

z Describe the principles of magnetism

z Identify basic electronic and electronic

termsz Explain different types of electrical wiring

z Read and follow all safety procedures whenworking on electric circuit

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Current, Voltage, andCurrent, Voltage, and

ResistanceResistance

One volt can push one amp of current throughone ohm of resistance

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OhmOhm’’s Laws Law

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MultimeterMultimeter

Digital Volt Ohm MeterDigital Volt Ohm Meter

Digital display on a modern multimeter

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MultimeterMultimeterDigital Volt Ohm MeterDigital Volt Ohm Meter

Also called a DVOM–combines an ohmmeter,

ammeter, and voltmeter in one tool

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Simple CircuitSimple Circuit

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Chapter 8Chapter 8

1. RESISTANCERESISTANCE is the opposition tocurrent flow.

2. A FUSEFUSE protects a circuit againstdamage caused by a short circuit.

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Ohmmeter ConnectionsOhmmeter Connections

Never connect an ohmmeter to a “live” circuit

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FuseFuse

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Chapter 8Chapter 8

3. An ATOMATOM consists of small particlescalled protons, neutrons, and electrons.

4. CURRENTCURRENT is the flow of electronsthrough a conductor.

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AtomAtom

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Ammeter ConnectionsAmmeter Connections

An ammeter is connect in SERIES to the circuit

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OneOne

--Wire CircuitWire Circuit

Vehicle’s frame or body serves as an

electrical conductor

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Chapter 8Chapter 8

5. An INTEGRATED CURCUITINTEGRATED CURCUIT containsalmost microscopic diodes, transistors,resistors, and capacitors in a chip.

6. VOLTAGEVOLTAGE is the force or electrical

pressure that causes current flow.

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Integrated Circuit (IC)Integrated Circuit (IC)

Contains microscopic diodes, transistors,

resistors, and capacitors in a wafer-like chip

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Chapter 8Chapter 8

Basic Electricity and ElectronicsBasic Electricity and Electronics

7. ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY is the movement of 

electrons from atom to atom.

8. INSULATORSINSULATORS do not contain freeelectrons.

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Voltmeter ConnectionsVoltmeter Connections

A voltmeter is connect in PARALLEL to the circuit

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 Transistor Versus Relay Transistor Versus Relay

 Transistor operation

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Chapter 8Chapter 8

Basic Electricity and ElectronicsBasic Electricity and Electronics

9. A SHORTSHORT--CURCUITCURCUIT is caused when a

defective wire or component touchesground.

10. CONDUCTORSCONDUCTORS have atoms thatallow the flow of electricity; contain freeelectrons.

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Circuit FaultsCircuit Faults

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ConductorsConductorsz Allow the flow of electricity

z Contain atoms with free electrons– one to three electrons in the outer orbit

z

Free electrons are not locked in orbitaround the nucleus

– electrons can be forced to move from one

atom to another

z Copper, gold, and silver are good

conductors

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Series and Parallel CircuitsSeries and Parallel Circuits

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Wiring RepairsWiring Repairsz Crimp connectors and terminals

– used to quickly repair wiring

– allow a wire to be connected to another wire

or componentz Harness connectors

– multi-wire terminals that connect several

wires together

– two-part plastic housing snaps together

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Wire TerminalsWire Terminals

and Connectorsand Connectors

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Crimping PliersCrimping Pliers

Stripping off a short section of insulation

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SolderingSoldering

Only use rosin-core solder on electrical repairs!

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Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

z Explain the principles of electricity

z

Describe the action of electricityz Compare voltage, current (amps) and

resistance (ohms).

z Describe the principles of magnetismz Identify basic electronic and electronic

termsz Explain different types of electrical wiring

z Read and follow all safety procedures whenworking on electric circuit