Post on 20-Jan-2016
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 1
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [DAA framework for UWB]Date Submitted: [March, 2006]Source: [Bin Zhen, Huan-Bang Li and Ryuji Kohno; Company: National
Institute of Information and Communications Technology ]Contact: Bin Zhen Voice:+81 46 847 5445, E-Mail: zhen.bin@nict.go.jp]Abstract: [DAA framework.]Purpose: [UWB DAA support]Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE
P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 2
DAA framework for UWB
by Bin Zhen, Huan-bang Li and Ryuji Kohno
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 3
Agenda for discussion in DOC. 06-0049-00-4a
1. Regulatory issues (1) Necessity of Interference reduction technology, e.g. DAA (2) Introduction and discussion of feasible DAA Doc.06-00133-00-4a (This Doc.) (3) Summary of issues in DAA for regulatory compliance2. Coexistence issues (1) Category of coexistence problem (2) Solution for regulatory requirement, i.e. simple DAA, LDC (3) Definition of LDC: necessary duty cycle in node & PCN etc Doc.06-00134-00-4a (Next Doc.)
Regulatory requirement is to ensure coexistence by reasonable interference reduction technology, e.g. DAA, LDC.
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 4
Feasible DAA with Detect in PHY and Avoid in MAC in DOC. 06-0049-00-4a
PNC
nodeband allocation(b1,b2, or b3 )
PNC
nodeband allocation(b2 or b3)
b1 b2 b3
victim system
frequency
PNC should support a detection (e.g., energy) functionality.
victim systemvictim system
interference
Channel b1 is not assigned.
no interference
with DAAwithout DAA
Without DAA, the UWB and victim system will interfere with each other.
The ranging mode of UWB requesting high SINR.
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 5
DAA in 802.15.4a 15.4a defined basic request/report mechanism to
provide a DAA tunnel (06-0047, Joe Decuir and 06-0049, Kohno, Hara, & Takizawa)– Interference measurement is only mandatory for FFD– Interference information communication between FFD
and coordinator– Interference avoid command from coordinator
Victim detection mechanism (as per 802.11h)– Energy detection– Receive power indication histogram– CCA
Not consider the difference between 4a and 11h
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 6
Framework of DAA Distributed sensing
– Only FFD is required to conduct detection– Multiple clusters with FFD’s in a Piconet
Centralized decision at coordinator
PAN coordinator
FFD, cluster header
RFD, device
Cluster 1
Cluster 2
Cluster 3
Victim report
Avoidance command
PICONET
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 7
Geometry of DAA
Victim receiver
keep-out range
sensing border
Victim transmitter
d
Protection range
interference range
UWB transmitter
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 8
Geometry of DAA (cont.) Protection range
– where victim signal is much stronger than the noise interference introduced by UWB
Interference range– where victim signal is comparable with the noise
interference introduced by UWB and some performance decrease can be find
Keep-out range– where severe victim performance decrease can be
find
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 9
Implications to DAA sensing The UWB interference depends on distance
between victim transmitter and receiver– No problem if victim receiver is in victim dominated
range– UWB transmitter should be out of the keep-out range – DAA sensing range should be larger than keep-out
range Victim-dependent range size At least two-looks for transmission from
transmitter and receiver– it is hard for simple sensor to separate them without
decoding the packets
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 10
Detection dependent upon victim type
Classification of victim systems: from modulation– DS style
• 3a-like MBOA, 3a-like DS-UWB and 4a
– OFDM style• 3a-like MBOA, WiMax (16a), and Japan 4G
– Radar?
Classification of victim systems: from bandwidth– UWB– Narrow band
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 11
Key issues in DAA sensing You cannot see the full victim signal
– Intersected and versatile channel bands– Feature based sensing cannot be used. Only energy
based sensing is possible Different channel busy patterns
– Transient pulse energy filled with noise (<0.1 μs)– Symbol duration of channel busy time (100 μs)
Simple sensor nodes – Computing capacity, complexity, cost, power
consumption Almost no time limitation
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 12
Key issues in DAA sensing (cont.)
Partially overlapped channels
Channel state pattern
MBOA (4488MHz, 528MHz)
4a (4446Mhz, 499.2MHz)
f
16a (10/20 MHz)
t
4a (<0.1μs)
16a (>10μs, OFDM)
MBOA (~0.3μs, FH)
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 13
Expected DAA performance
DAA increases probability of interference among 4a piconets due to less available channels
Distributed DAA sensing– Pd=0.9 with Pfa=0.1 of a FFD
• the pionet detection probability is 0.9, 0.99, 0.999,… when there are 1, 2, 3, … FFD in the piconet;
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 14
DAA sensing mechanism Split a 4a channel into sub-bands
– 4a channels and victim channels are not full overlapped
– Noise signal could dominate channel energy for a narrow band system, especially in low SNR environment.
• Given 500MHz filter for a 20MHz signal, the noise level increase 14dB
Separated band-pass filter bank– 10MHz BPF bank for narrow band victims– 100MHz BPF bank for UWB victims
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 15
DAA sensing mechanism (cont.)
Victim dependent energy detection in both time and frequency domain– Time pattern of energy detection
• Frequency hopping MBOA
– Post-processing• Average, integration, etc.
Step-by-step sensing– Victim, sub-band
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 16
Block diagram of DAA
Matched filer De-spreader Communication& ranging
500MHz BPF
10MHz tunable BPF
Energy
DetectionDAA decision
500MHz BPF(detected channel)
Post-
processing
100MHz tunable BPF
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 17
DAA sensing performance Impact factors of sensing
– Filter bank• Filter bandwidth• Filter center frequency• Distribution of filter
– Detection duration– Multipath channel– SNR
Central decision– Sub-band state decision at FFD– Merge algorithm at coordinator
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 18
Extension of basic request/report Basic request
– inform victim style Basic report
– Split a channel into sub-bands – Report busy probability of each sub-band
• The same channel energy could indicate different states
– Channel energy report is a big traffic
• More than one victim systems in the same channel, e.g. 16a and MBOA.
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 19
New basic request/report format
Channel number
Measurement duration
Basic request
Channel number
Channel energy
Basic report Map field
DS-UWB
Narrow-band OFDM
Radar signal
Channel number
Sub-channel number
Un-measured
Busy probability
(06-0046 from Joe.)
Channel number
Measurement duration
Victim style
MBOA-UWB
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 20
TBD parameters
Busy sub-band sensing– Energy threshold – Time pattern
Optimal filter bank– Center frequency– Filter bandwidth– Filter distribution and density
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 21
Summary Framework of distributed UWB DAA sensing
– DS-UWB style and OFDM style Split a 4a channel into sub-bands for DAA
sensing– 100MHz for UWB victims– 10MHz for narrow band victims
Extension of basic request/report– Busy probability of sub-band
Simple DAA can be accomplished in a sensor node
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 22
Annex 1: UWB victim systems 802.16a
– OFDM receiver threshold: -90 dBm– Unlicensed channel: 10/20 MHz, 256 bands– Downlink pilot: 0xfff
MBOA– Mult-band OFDM receiver threshold: -80 dBm– Channel: 528MHz, 122 bands– Preamble: ….
DS-UWB– 3a-like
• receiver threshold: -90 dBm• Channel: 3.1~4.9 GHz• Preamble: …..
Japan 4G:
TG4a
March, 2006 Doc: IEEE 15-06-00133-00-004a
Zhen, Li, and Kohno (NICT) Slide 23
Annex 2: DAA in UWB and spectrum sensing in 802.22
802.22: a developing cognitive radio-based PHY/MAC standard in TV channels– Existing and narrow band systems– No channel intersection issue– Not handhold device and sensor