MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY (SPE4602)

LECTURE’S NAME : DR.AMIRMUDIN BIN UDIN (p-amir@utm.my)NAME : HAMSHAVATHINI YOHORATNAM (hamshavathini@yahoo.com)SECTION : 4SPH(02)

FERROUS METALS AND ALLOYS PRODUCTION,GENERAL PROPERTIES AND

APPLICATIONS

(Introduction of ferrous metal)

(Production of iron and steel)

WHAT IS ferrous metalFerrous metals are those which contain

iron, whilst non- ferrous metals don’t have any iron content..

Ferrous metals and alloys containing a high proportion of the element iron.

They are the strongest materials available and are used for applications where high strength needed.

ENGINEERING MATERIALS

METALLIC NON- METALLIC

NON-FERROUS FERROUS

STEELS CAST IRON

-PLAIN CARBON -ALLOY

-GREY -WHITE -MALLEABLE -DUCTILE

ORGANIC INORGANIC

-PLASTIC -WOOD -PAPER -RUBBER -LEATHER -PETROLEUM

-MINERALS -CEMENT -GLASS -CERAMICS -GRAPHITE

-ALUMINIUM -COPPER - MAGNESIUM -TIN -ZINC -LEAD -NICKEL -OTHER ALLOY

When iron &steel was foundC:\Users\Hamsha\Desktop\Uddeholm - Tool Steel of World Class.mp4

The production of iron by humans began probably sometime after 2000 BCE in south-west or south-central Asia, perhaps in the Caucasus region.

The basic source of iron and steel is iron ore, which is an oxide of iron mixed with alumina, silica, phosphorous, manganese, sulphur and other materials.

Iron Ores Required in Iron-making.

HEMATITE MAGNETITE

LIMONITE PELLETS

Other raw materials in iron making.

Coke (C)- Supplies heat for chemical reactions and

produces carbon monoxide (CO) to reduce iron ore.

Limestone (CaCO3)Used as a flux to react with and remove impurities in molten iron as slag.

Hot gases (CO, H2, CO2, H2O, N2, O2, and fuels)Used to burn coke

Where iron & steel made...\Blast Furnace.flv

BLAST FURNACE

IRON-MAKING IN Electric arc furnace

ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE FOR STEEL MAKING

WHY IRON AND STEEL IS WIDELY USED IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY?

High quality, aesthetic.Low maintenance costs.Steel is noncombustible.Environmentally friendly.Components can be re-used.Strong, durable and stable.Construction is fast compared to other materials.Resistant to termites and other destructive insects.Cost benefits compared to other construction methods.Components are functional.

Who uses the iron and steel?

In the motor vehicle industry. Aluminum. Concrete and wood in construction.

How does iron and steel production affect our manufacturing industry?

Organizational structure, productivity, efficiency, and product properties of the steel industry worldwide.

Reliability ,energy, materials efficiency of conventional processes.

BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Parashar & Nagendra.(2003) .Elements

of manufacturing processes. Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

2. Rao & P.Narayana .(1998). Manufacturing technology: Foundary, forming and welding. Tata McGraw,Hill Publishing.

3. Rao & P.Narayana .(1987)Manufacturing technology : Foundary, forming and welding. Tata McGraw,Hill Publishing.

4. K.Bugayev, Y.Konovalov .(2001). Iron and steel production. New York, Book for Business.

5. Donald R.Askelan and Wendelin J.Wright. (2011). Science and Engineering Material. Stamford, CT.