Post on 06-May-2015
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Manufacturing Sector in India
Manisha Kunwar and Juanita Kasbe
SMBA 7
Contents
• Introduction to Indian Manufacturing Sector • GDP• Components and Role of GDP • History of Manufacturing Sector• Types Of Manufacturing Sectors in India • Current Scenario of Indian Manufacturing
Sector • Problems of Manufacturing Sector’s In India • Solutions to the Problems • Conclusion
Introduction
• Manufacturing can be defined as physical or chemical transformation of materials into products on large scale using machinery or capital equipments, in contrast to production of handmade goods for personal use.
• 30% of the economy is of Manufacturing Sector. • Manufacturing sector contributes 15.24 per cent of the
country’s GDP, and provides employment to over 6 million persons.
• Major Sectors includes textiles, capital goods, metals, chemicals, tyres, cement, electronics, automotive, leather & footwear, machine tools, Food, Ceramics, Textiles Machinery etc.
• Deloitte's global index, 2013, for 38 nations, has ranked India the fourth most competitive manufacturing nation, behind China, the US and Germany
GDP – Gross Domestic Product
• The primary indicators used to gauge the health of a country's economy.
• The value of country's overall output of goods and services, typically during one fiscal year at market prices, excluding net income from abroad.
• GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a country's standard of living.
• In the first quarter of 2013, India’s GDP is 4.8 %.
Components of GDP
GDP= C+I+G+(X-M)GDP = Private Consumption + GrossInvestment + Government Spending + (Exports −
Imports)I. Personal consumptiona) Durables: Durable goods, such as autos (3.6%) and
furniture (3%) is the smallest, at only 8% of GDP.b) Nondurables : Non-durable goods are 20% of GDP.
The three largest components are food (10%), clothing (2.7%) and fuel (2.4%).
c) Services: More than 40% of GDP are services. The two largest components are real estate (10%) and health care (12%).
Continued..II. Private Investment• a) Nonresidential• b) Structures• c) Producers' durables• d) ResidentialIII. Exports & Imports• a) Goods• b) ServicesIV. Government expenditures• a) Federal – i. Defense and ii. Nondefense• b) State and local
Role of GDP • GDP is an important component of macroeconomics that
measures the total final goods and services produced in a country within a stated period, usually quarterly.
• An assessment of the GDP allows governments to gauge the states of their nations' economies.
• GDP figures are used by investors to assess the state of the economy in a country before making any investment decisions.
• When GDP rises sharply leading to a period of economic boom which lead to inflation.
• It is used to measure the productivity of a labor force, determine how the federal government controls the flow of money and estimate or predict tax revenues for national, state and local governments.
History of Manufacturing Sector In India
History of Manufacturing Sector In India
Ancient Period• Evidences found from the remaining if
Harappan Civilisation (4000 – 3000 BC).• Weights, Measures, Kilns and Casting and
Metal Tools• Technologies for lifting loading and
transportation of materials• Creation of Monumental Architectures and • Ports as Export sector for manufactured
products from smelted copper and bronze.
Period Milestones300 BC Porus presented Alexancer 30 LBS of Indian Iron.
Kautilya writes about minerals, including iron ores and the art of extracting the metals in Aarthashastra.
350 AD A 8-meter iron pillar erected near Delhi in memory of Chandragupta II. Another 16- meter iron pillar erected in Dhar near Indore.
13th Century
Massive Iron beams used in the construction of Sun temple.
16th Century
Indian steel known as “Wootz” exported to middle east and Europe.
17th Century
Manufacturing of cannons, firearms, swords and Agricultural implements. Suspension bridge built over Beas at Saugor with iron from Tendulkhama, MP. Iron smelter built at Porta Nova, Madras.
1870 Bengal Iron works established in Kulti.
Medieval Period History
Post Independence • Based on Agriculture sector and less on Industrial sector,
as a result of showing poor economic condition. • Government started improving the social and material
condition by introducing the “ Five Year Plan’s”.• Economy improved in the 2nd Five Year plan(1956-61)
emphasizing on heavy industry.• Major role of Public Sector in Industrialization by investing
heavily.• Government intervention in Private Sector through Fiscal
Policies and licensing system. • Growth rate of MS increased from 4% to 6% between
1940- 1980.• LPG was introduces in 1991 aiming at removing
Monopolies and Restrictive Trade practices • Offering integration of Indian Economy with Foreign
economy
Highlights of the LPG Policy
• Foreign Technology Agreements, • Foreign Investment,• MRTP Act, 1969 (Amended), • Industrial Licensing,• Deregulation,• Beginning of privatization,• Opportunities for overseas trade, • Steps to regulate inflation, • Tax reforms, • Abolition of License Raj or Permit Raj
Five Year Plan’s
1951-562012-2017
Types of Manufacturing Sector In India
• Capital Goods refer to products that are used in the production of other products but are not incorporated into the new product. This industry is the “MOTHER” of all manufacturing industry and is of strategic importance to
the National security and economic independence.• Consumer Goods represent final value-added
products that are distributed for consumption in mass consumption markets and which are purchased primarily for personal, family and/or household purposes.
Types of Manufacturing Sector In India
Capital Goods Consumers Goods
Growth of Indian Manufacturing Sector
• Contributes one-fourth of total GDP
• Employs 30% of non-agricultural workforce
• Industrial output valued at US$ 65 billion
• Rise in growth from 2.7% in 1998-99 to 9.3% in 2010-11
• Significant rise in index of growth for the manufacturing sector from 6.3% in2009 to 8.2% in 2011.
Current Scenario of Indian Manufacturing Sector
• Sharing 15% of GDP.• Having potential to share 25% of GDP.• At present sharing 9th largest manufacturing
nation and expected to be – 5th in position.• Indian manufacturing and services sectors
expanded more than China in February 2013• The 2nd preferred global investment
destination• India's currently exports manufactured
products worth about $50 billion.
Challenges of Indian Manufacturing Sector
• Electricity, Land and Water• Unskilled labour and Obsolete
Technology• Lagging in R&D• Easy Access to Finance• Complex Regulatory System• Inability to built talent internally• Corruption and Global Competition
Must Focus…
• Improving the urban Infrastructure• Ensuring Fair Competition• Access to Global Market • Quality Improvement in vocational
and higher education• Increase Investments in R&D• Reduction of Import Duties
Finally…..
• The share of manufacturing sector accounts for only 15% in our GDP which is very low compared to China, Malaysia and Thailand where manufacturing contributes to 1/3rd or more in their GDP.
• Government is asking NRIs to Invest more in the manufacturing sector to create more job opportunities.
Thank You!