Manifest Destiny in the 19th Century

American Idealization of the Rural

Elijah in the Desert, by Washington Allston, 1818

Moonlit Landscape, by Washington Allston, 1819

Catskill Mountains, by Thomas Cole, 1833

Tornado, by Thomas Cole, 1835

Kindred Spirits, by Asher B. Durand, 1849(Thomas Cole with William Cullen Bryant)

Furtraders Descending the Missouri,by George Caleb Bingham, 1845

Daniel Boone Escorting Pioneers through the Cumberland Gap, by George Caleb Bingham, 1851

Falls of Tequendama, by Frederick Edwin Church, 1854

Niagara, Frederick Edwin Church, 1857

Twilight in the Wilderness, by Frederick Edwin Church, 1860

Cotopaxi, by Frederick Edwin Church, 1857

Cotopaxi (oil study), 1861

Cotopaxi (final), 1861

Rainy Season in the Tropics, by Frederich Edwin Church, 1866

Aurora Borealis, by Frederich Edwin Church, 1865

Cottage Designs by Andrew Jackson Downing, pub. 1842