Management of Major Plant Pests and Diseases in ECA: Past, Present and Future Initiatives and Plans at

ASARECA.

14-17th April, 2014, Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi-KenyaBy

Brian E. Isabirye*, Ivan Rwomushana and Fina Opio

Presented at the FAO Workshop on Regional Platform for Plant Pests and Diseases

*P O Box 765, Entebbe, Plot 5 Mpigi Road, Entebbe, UgandaTel: +256 414 321885 Mobile: +256 772 352739

www.asareca.orgEmail: b.isabirye@asareca.org/ brianisabirye@yahoo.com

Global Food Security…· More than 800 million people do not have adequate food;

1.3 billion live on less than $1 a day.

· The supply of food in the developing countries will have to rise by around 7 per cent by 2020 to feed the 6.5 billion people in the world.

· Food demand will double by 2050, requiring a 40% increase in cereal production or and an additional 100-200 million hectares of land.

· Abiotic stresses (Pests and Diseases) are ever increasing: At least 10% of global food production is lost to plant diseases!

Global Food Security…

Pests + Diseases: Now Enter Climate Change!!!

Dry lands

Kinyasungwi river, Tanzania

Mt. Kilimanjaro, disappearing snow

Protests on high food prices

COUNTRY SITUATION

Burundi 28% are food insecure, while 53 % of children under 5 stunted and 8 % have acute malnutrition

D.R. Congo 3.7 million severely food insecure and 17.2 million moderately food insecure people. Acute malnutrition affects 11 % of children under 5.

Eritrea 37 % of population are food insecure, and import 50 % of cereal.

Ethiopia 8.2 million people are chronically food insecure. 40% of the provinces food insecure. 38 % of the children under 5 are underweight.

Kenya 3.8 million people need emergency food aid. 2.5 million in urban areas are chronically food insecure.

Food in ECA Region: A snap Short

Madagascar 33 % are undernourished, while 50 percent of children are malnourished.

COUNTRY SITUATION

Rwanda 1.7 million people in needed food assistance of whom 294,000 were severely food insecure

Sudan In South Sudan over 60 percent of the returnees were (2011) food insecure and in some areas 20 percent of the residents were food insecure. In Darfur 1.7 million people were food insecure.

Tanzania Food insecurity is present everywhere in rural areas. 30 percent are food insecure or are vulnerable. 34 percent of children under 5 are underweight or stunted and 6 percent are severely malnourished.

Uganda Food insecurity is everywhere affecting 50 percent of the country in most years. In 2006, nearly 7 million were highly and 4 million rural people were moderately vulnerable.

What cuts across ECA Countries?· Countries in the region are facing similar

challenges to improve agriculture’s performance.

· Food production in the region is consistently lower than population growth while poverty is increasing

· Agro-ecological zones cut across political boundaries, and therefore, similar technologies needed.

· Great untapped opportunities to promote agricultural led growth through sharing of Agricultural research in regional collective action, collaboration and specialization

ASARECA

……

VisionRegional leader in AR4D for improved livelihoods in Eastern and Central Africa

MissionEnhance regional collective action in AR4D, training and education to promote economic growth, fight poverty, eradicate hunger and enhance sustainable resource use.

 GoalEnhanced sustainable productivity, value added and competitiveness of the sub- regional agricultural system

· Facilitate the generation of TIMPs for the sub-region.

· Dissemination and up-scaling of appropriate TIMPs across borders.

· Ensuring an enabling policy environment for agricultural transformation.

· Enhancing institutional and stakeholder capacities for innovation generation

· A regional hub and think tank for knowledge, information and learning.

What we do

Overview of our Past (OPI) and Future (OPII)· Currently, ASARECA has a 10 years Strategic Plan-

2009-2018

· OPI and OPII are implementation plans for the last and the next 5-year segments of delivery of the strategic plan

· OPII will address issues and opportunities that allow delivery in a new, more effective way

· OPII incorporates change and IAR4D-based research programmes· Natural Resource Management and Eco-

systems Services· Market, Market Linkages and Trade· Sustainable Agriculture and FN: Pests and

Diseases!

Plant Pests and Diseases at ASARECA

Past Initiatives

BananasSustainable Management of Banana Xanthomonas Wilt within Banana Cropping Systems in Eastern and Central Africa 2009-2011. US$ 398,458.18

Enhanced Management of Banana Xanthomanas Wilt for Sustainable Banana Productivity in East and Central Africa: 2009-2011. US$ 483,675.00

Bananas…Out Scaling Banana Xanthomonas Wilt (BXW) Control in East and Central Africa, 2012-2013. US$ 500,000.

Results: •Recommended BXW control technologies in affected communities in ECA scaled out

•Adoption of policy options that support effective implementation of BXW control enhanced

•Institutional and technical capacities to sustainably manage BXW and increase access of banana to markets built

•Availability of information and knowledge for management of BXW enhanced

Cassava Mega Project on Improved Cassava Productivity and Utilisation in Eastern And Central Africa.. Address the constraints (CMD and CBSD) along the value chain in an integrated multi-disciplinary and inter-disciplinary manner in ECA. Period: 2008- 2011: US$ 4,955,000.00

Integrated Management of Cassava Brown Streak Disease and Cassava Mosaic Disease for Enhanced Productivity and Utilisation of Cassava in ECA: 2008-2013. US$ 642,303.00

The Eastern Africa Agricultural Productivity Program (EAAPP) is strengthening and scaling up regional cooperation in generation of cassava technology, training, and dissemination under cassava RCoE

Sorghum Integrated Striga Management for Improved Sorghum Productivity in ECA. To increase sorghum productivity by reducing crop losses caused by Striga and create market opportunities. 2009-2011. US$ 370,231.70.

Integrated Striga Management for Improved Sorghum Productivity in ECA. 2009-2011. US$ 143,868.84

Sorghum-Legume Intercrop

Sorghum… Enhancing Sorghum Adaptability to Climate Change – Striga Resistance and Drought Tolerance Traits Pyramiding through Biotechnological Approaches. 2011-2013. US$ 536,480

Evaluation of Striga Resistant Farmer Preferred Sorghum varieties in the ECA. 2011. US$ 210,059

Fighting Striga: Resistance Genes Deployed to Boost Sorghum Productivity. 2009-2011. US$ 436,091

Livestock ForagesNapier Grass Smut and Stunt Resistance. To mitigate the effects of Napier diseases on smallholder dairy in ECA. 2007-2010. US $ 600,300

Seed Systems Interventions

Establishment of a Genetic Transformation Platform for Cassava in the ECA

Applying tissue Culture to Improve Access to Cassava and Sweet potato Clean Planting Materials for Farmers in Eastern and Central Africa

Rationalization and Harmonization of Policies, Laws, Regulations and Procedures for Key Agricultural Sectors in ECA

Current Initiatives and Future Plans

· Upscaling the various pest and disease TIMPs developed in OPI or available in the region. Build upon past successes and lessons.

· Facilitate the arrest and containment of the spread of endemic and emerging pests and diseases in ECA

· Support NARS to sustainably manage transboundary pests and diseases in ECA.

· Carry out research to generate new information and TIMPs for sustainable management of pests and diseases (MLN, Fruit fly, Fusarium)

· Establishment ECA coordination mechanisms for coordination of agreed research and development agenda and to monitor pest and disease movements

· Improve knowledge and information flow and utilization in the region on pests and diseases management.

Need to align and refocus our roles in the region:

Pest and Disease forecast models for mapping and identifying hotspots in ECA

Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae

African rice gall midge (AfRGM), Orseolia oryzivora

Currently

Losses & Gains 2050

2020

Maize Lethal Necrosis!!!

ASARECA, 2013; Rwomushana et al., 2014 (In press)

Panama disease of banana (Fusarium oxysporum)!!!

Cassava Brown Streak Disease (CBSD)!!!

Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD)!!!

Cassava Plantation.

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Mathematical Models

Proposed ECA Pest and Disease Decision Support System

Agricultural Extension

.

ASARECA 3 ThemesPest and Disease Modeling,

DSS Tools Forecast & Seasonal Outlooks

Decision-Making

Satellite Remote Sensing

Crop and Environmental

Data Products Forewarning Decision Support System

User Community

Extension & Training

Policy Making

Farm DecisionsASARECA KI-Hub

Pest and Disease Outbreak

IntegratedPest & Disease

Portal

ECA Regional Policy Actors

Pest and Disease Outbreak

Motha, 2013

Thank You

Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa (ASARECA)

Email: asareca@asareca.org; Website: www.asareca.org

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Snapshots of our work

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Snapshots of our work

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Snapshots of our work

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