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Making LED Upgrades Easy:Moving from T8 to LED + Controls

Dan Mellinger, PE, LCLighting Strategy Manager

Better Buildings by DesignFebruary 3, 2016

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Agenda

1. Market Potential for T8 to LED

2. T8 to LED Upgrade Opportunities

• Options, Considerations, Economics, Rebates

3. Integrated Lighting Controls

• Options, Benefits, Economics, Rebates

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LED products account for 85% of the savings within Commercial & Industrial

Excluding residential sales

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Agenda

1. Market Potential for T8 to LED

2. T8 to LED Upgrade Opportunities

• Options, Considerations, Economics, Rebates

3. Integrated Lighting Controls

• Options, Benefits, Economics, Rebates

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T8 to LED Upgrade Options

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Luminaire ReplacementLED Retrofit KitLED Linear Lamp (Tube)

• Entire fixture is replaced

• Delivers the best lighting performance

• Offers the deepest energy savings

• Works well with controls

• More expensive upfront (material + labor)

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T8 to LED Upgrade Options

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Luminaire ReplacementLED Retrofit KitLED Linear Lamp (Tube)

• Electrical and some/all optical components replaced

• Can deliver good lighting performance

• Can offer deep energy savings

• May work with controls

• Less expensive upfront

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T8 to LED Upgrade Options

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Luminaire ReplacementLED Retrofit KitLED Linear Lamp (Tube)

• T8 lamp replaced; ballast may or may not be replaced

• All optical components remain

• Lighting performance depends on existing fixture

• Energy savings is variable

• May not work with controls

• Cheapest upfront cost

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Which Option is Right for You?

LED Fixture LED Retrofit Kit LED Tube

Material Cost $75-250 $50-200 $15-40 per tube

Labor

Potential Savings

Lighting Performance

Controls Compatible

Efficiency Vermont Rebate

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Med-High Med-High Low-Med

30-60% 30-60% 20-50%

Best Better Good

Yes Yes Maybe

$50 per fixture $50 per kit $5 per tube

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Considerations: LED Lumen Output

2x4 T8 Recommended2x4 LED Lumens

2 lamps 3,000 – 4,500

3 lamps 4,500 – 6,000

4 lamps 6,000 – 7,500

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• Lumen output ranges account for variations in T8 lamp wattage, ballast factor, and fixture efficiency

• These are rough guidelines are should not replace professional lighting guidance!

2x2 T8U-shape

Recommended2x2 LED Lumens

2 lamps 2,000 – 3,500

3 lamps 3,500 – 5,000

• Specifying lumen output for LED fixtures can be challenging

• If matching the existing light level is desired:

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Considerations: Glare

LED fixtures may introduce glare

• Minimally shielded LEDs

• Light sources with small surface areas

• Tube LEDs with narrow beam angles (< 140 degrees)

Be mindful of glare when evaluating fixture styles, tube retrofits, and mounting heights

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Before

After

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DLC Product Qualification

DesignLights Consortium® qualifies LEDproducts for:

• Efficacy, lumen output, CRI, colortemp, lifetime (L70 ), warranty, and reliability

DLC does not currently evaluate flicker or glare

Most LED fixture rebates from Efficiency Vermont require DLC qualification

Search qualified products at: www.designlights.org/qpl

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Agenda

1. Market Potential for T8 to LED

2. T8 to LED Upgrade Opportunities

• Options, Considerations, Economics, Rebates

3. Integrated Lighting Controls

• Options, Benefits, Economics, Rebates

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Why Controls?

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In many cases, code requires occupancy & daylight controls

Beyond code, controls offer much greater energy savings

LEDs are a great match for controls

• Easily dimmable

• Not impacted by cycling

Adding controls at a later date, after an LED upgrade,will be difficult to justify economically

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Historical Adoption Rates are Low

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High Volume Low Volume

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Historical Adoption Rates are Low

Source: 2011 Vermont Market Characterization and Assessment Study, Navigant

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Past Stumbling Blocks for Controls

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Pairing lighting with traditional, stand-alone controls

Wiring• Extra branch circuit and/or low voltage wiring required• Adds material & labor cost in existing spaces

Added Component Cost & Complexity• Listed as separate components; target for cuts during VE• Complex installation/commissioning leads to higher quotes

Poor Performance• Fluorescent typically used switching rather than dimming• Poor sensor placement/coverage = poor performance• Customer dissatisfaction

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Integrated Lighting Controls (ILC)

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• Occupancy & daylight sensors embedded in the fixture• Wireless programming, configuration, zoning

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Integrated Lighting Control Benefits

Integrated lighting controls offer a remedy to many of the challenges that have plagued lighting controls for years

þ Easier to specify, install & commission

þ No additional wiring costs

þ Provides better performance throughmore granular coverage

þ Easily complies with code

þ Offers higher energysavings potential

þ Single product warranty

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2121

$100 - $1602016 Rebate

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Market Acceptance of ILC

According to 2014-15 market research performed by Sacramento Municipal Utility District:

1. Customers said they really like the appearance of LED kits and fixtures

2. Electricians said that installation of these products was straight forward

3. Customers and electricians both love the benefits of having the sensors embedded in the fixtures

Efficiency Vermont will be completing additional market acceptance testing in 2016

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ILC Recommended Applications

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• Small Open Offices• Private Offices• Classrooms• Conference Rooms• Stairwells• Libraries

Troffer/Linear

• Gymnasiums• Warehouses• Cold Storage

High-bay

• Exterior Parking• Site Lighting

Exterior

Areas to avoid: large open offices, reception, restaurants, retail, restrooms, active corridors, 3-shift manufacturing, widely spaced exterior fixtures

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Energy Savings Potential: LED + ILC

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LED Troffers with integrated occupancy and

daylight sensors:

up to 75%

LED Troffers with integrated occupancy and

daylight sensors:

up to 75%

LED High Bay with integrated occupancy and

daylight sensors:

up to 75%

LED High Bay with integrated occupancy and

daylight sensors:

up to 75%

LED Exterior with integrated occupancy and

daylight sensors:

up to 85%

LED Exterior with integrated occupancy and

daylight sensors:

up to 85%

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Summary

1. A significant energy savings opportunity exists for existing T8 fluorescent fixtures

2. T8 fixtures can be upgraded to LED using fixtures, retrofit kits, or tubes

3. Integrated lighting controls can be a convenient option for complying with code and delivering deep energy savings

Contact info: Dan Mellinger| dmellinger@veic.org | 802-540-7648

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Hidden Slides

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Considerations: Flicker

• Flicker is the rapid variation of brightness from a light source

• All light sources flicker to some degree, usually as a consequence of drawing power from a 60 Hz AC source

• T8 and T5 fluorescent lighting exhibit almost no flicker

• Some LED fixtures exhibit flicker, especially when dimmed

• No standards currently exist; Flicker can be evaluated in-person by conducting trial installations or visiting other project sites

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Comparing ILC to Traditional Controls

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Type Image Cost Coverage Savings

Wall-switch Mounted Low Poor Average

Integrated Medium Excellent Excellent

Remote Mounted High Good Excellent