Post on 24-Dec-2015
Location• Pelvic region of the body• Two female ovaries (one on either side of the
body)• Ovaries are connected to uterus by fallopian tubes
Hormones Produced
• Produces estrogen and progesterone • Estrogen- a steroid hormone that produces female characteristics for a human• Progesterone- released by the corpus luteum to prepare the uterus for pregnancy
• Sex hormones• Inhibin- suppresses follicle stimulating hormones• Relaxins- found in pregnant females which relaxes muscles to make birth easier
What do hormones do?
• Regulates menstrual cycle and pregnancy• Development of female body
characteristics• Breasts• Body shape• Body hair
• Help maintain homeostasis in the body
Feedback Mechanisms and Antagonistic Hormones
• Negative feedback mechanism controlled by the female gonads would be melatonin
• Positive feedback mechanism of the female gonads would be when the ovaries secrete oxytocin during birth• Oxytocin calms the body
Glands of the Female Gonads• Ovaries• Androstenedione • Progesterone• Estrogens• Inhibin
• Placenta• Progesterone• Estrogens• Human chrorionic
gonadotropin • Human placental lactogen • Inhibin
• Uterus• Prolactin• Relaxin
Lack/Excess of Hormones
• Excess of hormones (estrogen) can cause a women to develop in inability to become pregnant
• A lack of hormones can be very harmful to the body• Heavy menstrual bleeding can occur• Too little estrogen can cause issues with the absorption of vitamins
• Hypogonadism- when ovaries are not producing enough sex hormones• This can usually cause Turner Syndrome, gonadal dysgenesis, and galactosemia
Treatments• For hormonal imbalance, women can see a
bioidentical hormone doctor and undergo bioidentical therapy
• To treat various gland disorders doctors must replace hormones in the ovaries to try and copy the normal hormone production
Hormones Produced
• Produce sex hormones called testosterone •Testosterone- a steroid hormone from the androgen group
What do hormones do?
• Stimulate the formation of the sperm in the seminiferous tubules
• Develop reproductive tissue• Increases…•Muscle size• Bone mass• Body hair
Maintaining homeostasis
• Sustains spermatogenesis• Maintains muscle bulk• Maintains secondary sex
characteristics • Aids in erectile function
Feedback Mechanisms and Antagonistic Hormones
• FSH stimulates the production of sperm cells• A follicle stimulation hormone released by the pituitary
• LH (luteniziry hormone) stimulates production of testosterone
• GnRH (Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone) is an antagonistic hormone found in the male gonads that reduces LH production, suppressin, and testosterone
Glands of the Male Gonads
• The pituitary gland releases…•LH (hormone)•FSH (hormone)•GnRH (inhibitor)
What happens if there is a malfunction?
• If the gonads are not functioning properly, testosterone production might decrease, resulting in negative affects on…• Sexual function•Mood• Behavior •Muscle production• Bone density
Treatments
• Hormonal therapy is the most common treatment•Climophene citrate is often used to compensate for low testosterone in place of regular testosterone therapy
Sources• http://www.webmd.com/sex-relationships/guide/m
ale-reproductive-system
• http://www.innerbody.com/image/repmov.html • http://kidshealth.org/parent/general/body_basics/
male_reproductive.html • http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/
femalereproductivesystem.html • http://www.patient.co.uk/health/the-female-reprod
uctive-system