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Machine Tags

Dr. Harry Chen

CMSC 491S/691S

February 27, 2008

Agenda

What’s Machine TagsDifferent ways to use Machine TagsDeficiency of Machine TagsMachine Tags implementation in gnizr

Traditional tags

This is how your “grandfather” uses tags

Tags are used for labeling

Tagging Model

Remember this diagram from our previous discussion?

User

Resources Tags

What else can you say about “photo-1293”?

Resources

Relates to a YouTube video(link?)

John Smith is in this picture(homepage?)

Taken on 2007/12/03 @ 10:00PM

Johnny is the photographer(homepage?)

Relates to a family trip(trip’s homepage?)

Location Piccadilly Square(latitude/longitude?)

Describing and relating resources

The amount of user-generated content is growing on the Web (flickr, youtube, last.fm, upcoming, etc.).

New problem How to describe “ad-hoc” properties about the

resources that we have created How to relate multiple resources that we have

created across multiple Web sites

What’s an “ad-hoc” property?

Machine Tags

Tags with a special syntax that allow users to describe “ad-hoc” properties and relate distinctive resources across multiple Web sites.

+ =

http://www.flickr.com/groups/api/discuss/72157594497877875/

Triple Model

Machine Tag syntax is based on the Triple model, similar to which of the RDF language.

Subject

Predicate(Property) Object

(Value)

JohnnyPhoto-1923

takenBy

Machine Tag Syntax

There is no one standard syntax. Different systems may have variations of the original syntax proposed by Flickr.

[namespace] : [predicate] = [object]

Subject

Predicate(Property) Object

(Value)

Where is the “Subject” in the syntax?

Machine Tag example

Resource

Predicate

Object

Johnny SmithPhoto-1923

foo:takenBy

[namespace] : [predicate] = [object]

foo : takenBy = “Johnny Smith”

Describing location information

Subject

Predicate

Object

Photo-1923

geo:locality

Piccadilly Square

[namespace] : [predicate] = [object]

geo:locality=“piccadilly square”

Relating resources

What if I want to say “photo-1923” relates to “event-1393” on upcoming.yahoo.com…

Subject

Predicate

Object

Photo-1923

upcoming:event

http://upcoming.yahoo.com/event/1393

upcoming:event=1393

I machine-tagged, but what use?

Machine Tags can be used for Geotagging: putting your photos on a map Field-based search: search with prefix URL shortcuts: include image and video in your

blogs without much HTML editing Semantic Web experiments: describe properties

that link to RDF or OWL documents …

What’s your experience with Machine Tags?

Interesting use of Machine Tags

What camera did u use?

About the airplane

Machine Tags for selling books

http://adactio.com/journal/1274/

amazon:asin=1234567890

book:isbn=1234567890

http://learningtheworld.eu/2007/amazon-machine-tags/

Relating Flickr photos with a blog post

http://adactio.com/journal/1274/

Collective intelligence?

Machine Tag for field-based search

There are overlaps between the Machine Tag syntax and field-based search.

Benefit: learn one syntax and use it in two different ways

Machine Tag for building taxonomy?

Google Code allows administrator to define “Issue Labels”.

Relating resources to RDF/OWL

Geonames.ORG

http://sws.geonames.org/5352844/about.rdf

geonames:feature=5352844

http://www.geospatialsemanticweb.com/2007/03/28/geonames-machine-tags

Shortcomings of the Machine Tags

Lack of control vocabulary Who says you should or should not use what tags? Do you use “geonames:feature” or “gn:f=”

Difficult to express “object” of a complex value geo:lat/lng=23.00,39.23 (ugly, parser is need) geo:lat=23.00, geo:lng=39.23 (okay) What if I want to express multiple coordinates: geo:lat=23,00,

geo:lng=39.23, geo:lat=33.00, geo:lng=-30.00, ... (How do I interpret the key/value pairs?)

Difficult to describe certain semantic information we will see an example.

Where is your kid?

Tagged: - person=john- person=mary- person=david- landmark=power_station

Who is John?

Power Station?

Machine Tags in Gnizr

How “tags” are storedWhat does gnizr do when a “machine tag”

is detectedHow to add new implementation to

process new types of “machine tag”

DB Table: “tag”

id tag count

BookmarkManager

BookmarkManager

GeonamesTagListener

ForUserListener

geonames:[location]

for:[username]

bookmark

added

updateddeleted

notify

notify

GeonamesTagListener.java

Find all “machine tags” of gn:geonames=[location]

Get the latitude and longitude pair for[location] from Geonames.org.

Add POINT(lng,lat) about a bookmark to the DB.

Listen for new Machine Tags

Extend from BookmarkListener

Add new listeners to the BookmarkManager

Summary

Machine Tags are tags with a special syntax that allow users to describe “ad-hoc” properties and relate distinctive resources across multiple Web sites.

Use in geotagging, field-based search, foring URL shortcuts and experimenting with Semantic Web technology

Machine Tags have certain shortcomings in expressing rich semantic information.