Post on 02-Jan-2016
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Really?
Loyal British Subjects
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Vocabulary
BoycottFrench and Indian WarIntolerable ActsProclamation of 1763Sugar TaxQuartering actStamp ActIntolerable ActsTea ActAlbany PlanBen FranklinBoston Massacre
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North America in 1750
1650-1750 the colonies developed self government.
Americans were very loyal to the King…….but things are about to change!!!!
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North American controlled by France and England
England Native Americans lived in
both
England’s territory and France.
France had fewer settlers they
were no threat to Native
American lands
As colonies grew more English settlers moved into the Ohio river valley
France
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French and Native Americans in 1750
The French began to buildForts in the Ohio River valley to support their claim to that Land.
Virginia colony claimed the land all the way to the Mississippi River
Virginia decided to send soldiers to force the French out.
VA
PA
NC
OHIOPIVER
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English Colonists began to move west of the Appalachian mountains into the Ohio River Valley
The Native Americans began to attack these settlers. These tribes were determined not to lose their lands to theSettlers.
The French supported the Native Americans with weapons and training.The Colonists and the Kingknew of the French supportand tensions increased the Tensions iin the relations between England and France.
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Confronting the French
• Virginia sent a young 21 leader of the militia
George Washington to tell the French to leave.
• French refused, Washington returned to Virginia
• Washington returned to Ohio with troops to build a fort. French had already built a fort in the same place.
The Ohio Valley First Battle
Called meeting of colonial leaders to cooperate to defend themselves from French. The Albany Congress
Ben Franklin’s, The Albany Plan of Union. A Council of Representatives elected by colonial assemblies.
Council authority over western settlements, Native Americans, and other matters. Council could organize armies & collect taxes to pay expenses.
The Albany Congress approved Franklin’s plan, the colonial assemblies rejected it.
King Reacts
Advertisement encouraging colonial legislatures to adopt the Albany plan of Union
1754 Albany Plan of Union
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1756 War Is Formally Declared!
Colonists and Britain's have tensions between them as they fight against the French and Indians
• Guerilla style fighting tactics
•Col. militias served under own captains
• No military disciplines followed.
Resistance to rising taxes.
• Fight in formation• Br. officers wanted to take charge of colonials • Drills & tough discipline • Colonists should pay or their own defense
Colonists British style of fighting verses
British brings in General Wolfe
France loses control of
land in North
America agree to a
Treaty
1758-1761 The Tide Turns for England
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Treaty of ParisThe Major Terms of the Treaty
France --> lost her Canadian possessions, most of her empire in India, and claims to lands east of the Mississippi River
Spain --> got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to England.
It increased her colonial empire in the Americas.
It greatly enlarged England’s debt.
Britain’s contempt for the colonials created bitter feelings among the colonials.
Effects of the War on Britain?
The began to think of themselves as a united group. They were united against a common enemy.
See themselves as different than the British.
Colonists expected Britain to be grateful for their help in the war
Effect of the War on the Colonies
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North America in 1763
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So What Comes Next?
Two different approaches
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Native Americans aren’t Happy
• British won so colonists flocked into Ohio River Valley.
• Native Americans under leadership of Pontiac rebel and kill settlers, and settlers attack back.
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Proclamation of 1763
1. To prevent any more wars with the Native Americans
2. Colonists were not allowed to move pass the line.
3. Colonists believed they had the right to move and ignored it.
4. Hugh debt for England from the war!!
5. England felt colonies should pay for it.
6. Because 1000’s of troops were needed to protect settlers from Native Americans, and to keep the French from trying to regain lost land
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British attempts to Get out of Debtpass the Sugar Act
Duty or import tax on Molasses and other products. Severe punishments on smugglers of Molasses
Colonists respond in in Anger and loud Complaints
More Taxes…..Quartering ActOne year later, Parliament passed the Quartering Act.
To enforce the Proclamation of 1763, Britain kept about 10,000 soldiers in the colonies.
The act required colonists to quarter, or house, British troops and provide them with food and other supplies.
The colonists protested angrily. The colonists complained that Parliament was violating
their rights.
STAMP ACT Colonists react
The Stamp Act required that all colonists buy special tax stamps for all kinds of products and activities.
The stamps had to be placed on newspapers, wills, licenses, insurance policies, land titles, contracts, and other documents.
Colonies protest!!!!!Virginia House ofBurgesses said onlythey have the right totax Virginians!!!!! Others coloniesfollow.Nine colonies, metand decided to protest. Petitioned the King demanding the repeal of the Sugar Act and Stamp Act.
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Parliaments Response to the
Protests
Declaratory ActParliament had
total authority over the colonies.
The Townsend Acts• The Crown wanted to tax
the colonies in a way that wouldn’t anger them. So the Townsend Acts would no longer tax products or activities in the colonies.
• They would only tax products brought into the colonies.
• IMPORTS
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The Townsend Acts
The Townshend Acts set up a system to enforce new import duties.
To help customs officers find illegal goods, they use writs of assistance—court orders allowed officials to search without saying for what they were searching.
Many colonists saw these writs and the searches as yet another violation of their rights.
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Bold Step by Parliament
Charles Townshend, in charge
of the British treasury, wanted
to weaken the colonial assemblies.
When the New York assembly
refused to supply money, housing
and food for soldiers per Quartering
Act, Parliament suspended the New
York assembly.
The colonists again reacted by
boycotting British goods.
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The Colonies Protests Worked
Parliament repealed all the
Townshend duties—except the one on tea.
That tax was left to demonstrate Parliament’s right to tax the colonies.
Where the imports came from.
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Parliament had not acted in time.
Resulting in the Boston Massacre!!
March 5, 1770, in Boston, anangry crowd of workers and sailors surrounded a small group of soldiers.
They shouted at the soldiersand threw snowballs androcks at them.
The frightened soldiers firedinto the crowd, killing five andwounding six.
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Committees of Correspondence
• Colonial leaders saw the need to keep in closer contact with people in other colonies.
• The committees wrote letters and pamphlets to spread the alarm whenever Britain enforced unpopular acts of Parliament.
• The committees unite the colonists against Britain.
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Boston Tea Party
Colonists organized port citiesto stop the unloading East Indiatea. Threatened ship captainsbringing tea and merchants
who buy it. No tea was unloaded inNew York, and other ports.
In Boston, the Gov. decided thetea would be unloaded.
When tea ships arrived, Gov.ordered the cargo unloaded.
Boston Tea Party
Large group of men
disguised as Native
Americans boarded a tea
ship.
They threw 342 cases of
tea into the harbor.
The crowd cheered and
the raiders destroyed
90,000 pounds of tea
worth thousands of
dollars. Was this the final straw?
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The Intolerable Acts
King furious.
Parliament
passes 4 new
laws:
Colonists
Called
Intolerable
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COLONIES REACT
• All the colonies tried to help the people of Boston.• Food and other supplies poured into Boston
• The Committee of Correspondence organized a meeting to discuss what to do next.
• That meeting, was the First Continental Congress, • Took place in Philadelphia in September and
October 1774.
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First Continental Congress
The Congress demanded repeal,or official end, of the IntolerableActs.
Declared colonies had a right totax and govern themselves.
Called for the training of militiasto stand up to British troops .
New boycott of British goods. Voted to meet again in May 1775
if demands were not met.
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What Was Happening in North Carolina during 1750 and 1775
• How did North Carolinians react?
• Was there conflict in our state?
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What was Happening in North Carolina?
• The King buys North Carolina from the Lord Proprietors.
• First Governor had to struggle with Albemarle jealousy of Cape Fear Area. Albemarle boycotts the assembly
• Many new settlers, settlers felt threatened by Cherokees.
• French and Indian war made relations with Cherokees worse.
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What was Happening in North Carolina?
• Governor Dobbs dies, puts the colony in debt.• 1750 back country towns being established
from colonists from other colonies.• 1765 Tryon appointed Governor, wanted
to get permanent capital for colonial assembly.– Stimulate the economy, gain more control over the
colony– Wanted church of England to be church of the
colony
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What was Happening in North Carolina?
• Coastal residents supported Tryon, back country didn’t.
NC citizens (called Regulators) marched on Hillsborough. Tryon ordered militia to march “against the insurgents”
Tryon executed one Regulator and hung anotherAfter the French and Indian war North Carolinians
almost had open rebellion at Cape Fear over the stamp act tax.
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What was Happening in North Carolina?
• NC response to Tea Tax. – Resolve not to by British Goods– Set supplies to Massachusetts– NC Women meet to promise they will not drink
British Tea
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Road to Revolution Review
• French and Indian war---led to dept. for the King
• Lead to series of new taxes– Sugar Act– Quartering Act– Stamp Act– Declaratory Act– Townshend Acts– Committee of Correspondence
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Road to Revolution Review Cont.
• Tea Act• Boston Tea Party• Intolerable Acts• Quebec Act• First Continental Congress
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What Will Happen Next?