LOWERRESPIRATORY
TRACT
LOWER RES. TRACT
Is the tract that is responsible for gas exchange.
Secondary Bronchi
Cartilage block, NOT rings.
Lots of muscle.
Tertiary Bronchi
Continued branching (like a tree)
Bronchioles
No cartilage or respiratory epithelium.
1 mm in diameter.
ASTHMA
Difficulty Breathing, bronchioles get constricted.
Bronchodilator: opens up bronchioles.
NORMAL BRONCHI BRONCHI w/ ASTHMA
Laser Light Can Detect Potential Diseases Via Breath Samples
Alveoli
Tiny air sacs, about 150 million per lung.
Destroyed by smoking, DO NOT regenerate!
Alveoli
Very THIN in order to maximize gas exchange.
Alveoli
If spread out have the surface area of an entire…
Surfactant
Oily secretion that coats alveoli and keep them inflated.
PLEURAL CAVITIES
Halves of thoracic cavity, 1 lung in each cavity.
Pariatal Pleura
Membrane against ribs and cavity.
Visceral PleuraMembrane around the lungs.
(Seal between the two has low pressure)
Pleuritis
Inflammation of the membranes, which causes friction.
Collapsed Lung
Lung collapses due to break in the seal, air comes in and lungs shrivel up.
Caused by broken ribs.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY
Pulmonary Ventilation
Getting air in and out of lungs.
Muscles
Mainly the diaphragm.External Costals: Outside
of ribs, breath in.Internal costals: Between
ribs, breath out.
Inspiration
Inhaling or breathing in, 4 basic steps.
Inspiration
1. Message to breath sent from the medulla oblongata to breathing muscles.
Inspiration
2. Muscles Contract.
Inspiration
3. Thoracic cavity gets bigger!
Inspiration
4. Air pushes and/or rushes in and fills the lungs.
Expiration
Breathing out, consists of 4 basic steps.
Expiration
1. Medulla oblongata stops sending message.
Expiration
2. Muscles relax.
Expiration
3. Thoracic cavity decreases in size, air pressure increases.
Expiration
Air is pushed out of the lungs.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
AKA: CPRRestores circulation and ventilation.
FLEX THE PECS:
Activity time.