Linking words II

Advérbios e conjunções

Linking words I

• The variant sentences for “it’s no the closet. Not in the bathroom, either.” are

a. It’s neither in the closet nor in the bathroom.

b. It’s not in the closet; neither in the bathroom.

c. It’s not in the closet; but it’s in the bathroom.

d. It’s either in the closet or in the bathroom.

e. It’s perhaps in the closet; not in the bathroom.

Linking words I

• The variant sentences for “it’s no the closet. Not in the bathroom, either.” are

a. It’s neither in the closet nor in the bathroom.

b. It’s not in the closet; neither in the bathroom.

c. It’s not in the closet; but it’s in the bathroom.

d. It’s either in the closet or in the bathroom.

e. It’s perhaps in the closet; not in the bathroom.

Linking words II

1- Adversativas – (contraste de ideias)

• Expressam ideia adversativa, isto é, ligam ideias que se opõem.

• Ele não tinha nenhuma habilidade, mas conseguiu o emprego.

Linking words II

1 - Adversativas – (contraste de ideias)

• But

• However

• And (yet)

• Nevertheless (nonetheless)

Linking words II - Adversativas

Links Translation

But mas, porém

However Contudo, entretanto

And (yet) (e) contudo, (e) no entanto

Nevertheless / nonetheless

Não obstante, mesmo assim

Linking words II

• Examples:

• Ele não tinha nenhuma habilidade, mas conseguiu o emprego.

• He had no qualifications, however he got the job.

Linking words II

2- Consecutivas ou conclusivas – (consequência ou resultado)

• Expressam ideia de consequência ou resultado.

• As crianças estavam famintas, então eu comprei alguns sanduíches.

Linking words II

2- Consecutivas ou conclusivas – (consequência ou resultado)

• So

• Therefore

• Thus

• Consequently

• Then

• Hence

Linking words II - Consecutivas ou conclusivas

Links Translation

So Por isso, assim

Therefore Portanto

Thus Por isso

Consequently Consequentemente

Then Então

Hence Por isso, logo, daí

Linking words II

• Examples:

• As crianças estavam famintas, por isso eu comprei alguns sanduíches para elas.

• The kids were hungry, thus I bought some sandwiches for them.

Linking words II

3- Concessivas– (contraste)

• Expressam ideia de concessão.

• Apesar do perigo, ele estava calmo.

Linking words II

3- Concessivas – (contraste)

• Although

• Though

• Albeit

• Even though

• In spite of

• Regardless of

Linking words II - Concessivas

Links Translation

Although / Though / Albeit Embora – informal / formal

Even though

Muito embora

In spite of

Apesar de

Regardless of

Apesar de, independente de

Linking words II - Concessivas

• Examples:

• Although we were tired, we went.

• Embora nós estivéssemos cansados, nós

fomos.

• In spite of the danger, he was calm.

• Apesar do perigo, ele estava calmo.

Very important!!!

A - Todos os links citados anteriormente podem vir no início do período como entre duas orações.

• We went to the beach although we were tired.

• Although we were tired we went to the beach.

Very important!!!

B – Podemos também usar though no final de uma sentença (como advérbio).

• The house isn’t very nice. I like the gardem though.

• A casa não é muito bonita. Mesmo assim eu gostei do jardim.

Very important!!!

C – In spite of poderá vir seguido de substantivo / verbo no gerúndio / pronomes ou adjetivos possessivos.

• In spite of the rain.

• In spite of being alone.

Very important!!!

D – Usamos In spite of the fact that (apesar do fato de que) e despite of the fact that, quando seguindos de sujeito + verbo.

• Despite of the fact that it was raining....

• Apesar do fato de que estava chovendo...

Linking words II

4- Acréscimo – (adição)

• Expressam ideia de acréscimo, continuidade.

• Além de futebol, ele gosta de assistir tênis e basquetebol no tv.

Linking words II

4- Acréscimo – (adição)

• Besides

• Moreover

• Furthermore

• In addition

• What’s more

Linking words II - Acréscimo – (adição)

Links Translation

Besides Além disso / além de

Moreover Além disso

Furthermore Além disso, ademais

In addition Além disso, além de

What’s more Além do mais

Linking words II

• Examples:

• In addition to football, he enjoys watching tennis and basketball on TV.

• Além de futebol, ele gosta de assistir tênis e basquetebol no TV.

Linking words II

5 – Explicativas – (causa)

• Expressam ideia de explicação, da razão para algo.

• Como contém álcool, as crianças não deveriam beber.

Linking words II - Explicativas – (causa)

Links Translation

Because Porque

As Como

Since Já que, desde que

For Visto que, pois, por causa de

Linking words II - Exercises

• _________ Mozart was a genius, he died in poverty.

• Although – But - However

Linking words II - Exercises

• Although Mozart was a genius, he died in poverty

Linking words II - exercises

• Galileo was a great scientist. ________ he had a lot of trouble with the Holy Church.

• Although – In spite of – However

Linking words II - exercises

• Galileo was a great scientist. However he had a lot of trouble with the Holy Church.

Linking words II - exercises

• ______ doing the cooking I look after the garden.

• Besides – Yet – Thus

Linking words II - exercises

• Besides doing the cooking I look after the garden.

Linking words II - exercises

• _________ the hotels are very expensive, they are crowded.

• In order to – Even though – therefore

Linking words II - exercises

• Even though the hotels are very expensive, they are crowded.

Exercises on your book

• Pages 163, 164 , 165 and 166.