Librarians Adapt: Open Access,

e-Science / e-Research & Data Services

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2012 VALE Users'/NJLA CUS/NJ ACRL Conference

Bonnie L. Fong & Minglu WangDana Library, Rutgers University

Information Sharing

Image source: Microsoft Office 2010 Clip Art

(OA)

Image source: openaccessweek.org

“Gold” OA• OA journals

– all content is freely available, immediately!– authors may have to pay publishing fees– usually peer-reviewed– examples include:

• New Journal of Physics• Nucleic Acids Research• PLoS Medicine• PLoS One

– www.doaj.org lists of over 7,000 OA journals

“Green” OA• OA repositories

– authors retain copyright of their work, then self-archive

– may be institutional or disciplinary repository– may or may not be peer-reviewed– may contain pre-prints, post-prints, e-prints – examples include:

• arXiv (physics)• RUcore (Rutgers University)

– OpenDOAR.org & ROAR.eprints.org lists others

Hybrid OA journals

• Some OA articles in traditional journals– some publishers allow authors to decide

whether their article will be OA or not– authors pay to make their article OA– examples of journals + publishers include:

• Analytical Chemistry (American Chemical Society)• Discrete Applied Mathematics (Elsevier)• Immunology & Cell Biology (Nature)• Current Psychology (Springer)

– see SHERPA/RoMEO for typical author fees

Miscellaneous “OA”

• Delayed Access– some publishers offer free access to older

issues of their journals, where the embargo or delayed access period may be one year or more, so most would not say this is OA

• Select pieces– some publishers offer free access to select

pieces from their journals:• editorials • most downloaded articles

Advantages • more equitable access to information

around the world

• potentially lessens unnecessary duplication of efforts

• can increase the speed of advancements in science, technology, medicine, etc.

• authors participating in OA have greater impact: more readers more citations

Challenges • new OA journals are not as established

• author publishing fees may be a barrier

• “double-dipping” where institutions are sometimes paying twice for the same article in a hybrid OA journal:1st – author publishing fee2nd – library already pays for subscription

Officially Supporting OA…• Funding agencies:

– see SHERPA-JULIET for list of OA policies

• Colleges & Universities:– faculty vote to commit to OA (e.g., Harvard)– OA institutional repositories (e.g., RUcore)

• Publishers:– publish only OA journals (e.g., BMC, PLoS)– starting new OA journals (e.g., Springer)– offering “Author Choice” for traditional journals

How Can One Support OA?• use OA journals & repositories:

– read + cite OA works– publish in OA journals / make your article OA

in hybrid OA journals – retain copyright of your published work +

deposit in an OA repository

• promote OA: – celebrate Open Access Week!– join SPARC’s The Right to Research Coalition

How Can I Support OA?• As a librarian, talk about OA with:

– Undergraduate students– Graduate students– Faculty– Other librarians– Administrators– Publishers– Funding agencies

• Celebrate Open Access Week

Open Access Week• Put up exhibit in high-traffic area

Open Access Week• Consider the online environment:

– Web site– Facebook page– blog / Twitter– LibGuide

Open Access Week• Submit something for campus paper:

– article– cartoon – opinion piece

• Hold lecture / panel discussion / seminar / workshop / conference / open house / Q&A

• Feature OA authors from your campus

• Film viewing (e.g., RiP! A Remix Manifesto)

• Scavenger hunt / other activity prizes!

For more information…

• http://libguides.rutgers.edu/OAweek2011

• http://www.openaccessweek.org• http://www.arl.org/sparc/resources• http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/Main_Page• Crawford, W. (2011). Open access: What you need to

known now. Chicago: ALA.• Mullen, L. B. (2010). Open access and its practical

impact on the work of academic librarians: Collection development, public services, and the library and information science literature. Oxford: Chandos Pub.

Brave New Librarian

• We look at the big picture• We collaborate • We are learning continuously• We have conversations with researchers • We collect, share, and present resources• We advice and educate

Data Services in the Big Picture

• Data services in the big picture of e-Research– e-Research includes 3 fields, all related with data,

but in different ways, with different interests• e-Science (quantitative data and methods, empiricism)• e-Social Science (mixed methods, positivism,

hermeneutics, and critical)• e-Humanities (qualitative, analytical and interpretive)

– If you are a subject librarian in any of the three fields, e-Research and data services are relevant to you

Official Definition of e-Science

“In the future, e-Science will refer to the large scale science that will increasingly be carried out through distributed global collaborations enabled by the Internet. Typically, a feature of such collaborative scientific enterprises is that they will require access to very large data collections, very large scale computing resources and high performance visualisation back to the individual user scientists.”

--The UK National e-Science Centrehttp://www.nesc.ac.uk/nesc/define.html

E-Research : A More Inclusive Definition

“e-research is a form of scholarship conducted in a networked environment utilizing Internet-based tools and involving collaboration among scholars separated by distance, often on a global scale.”

– Computerization of research process, networked environment– Virtual organizational structures, distance collaboration– Internet-based tools– New forms of data visualization– Publication, distribution and preservation of scholarship via the

Internet (utilizing both formal and informal avenues)

-- Nick Jankowski, ed.E-Research: Transformation in Scholarly Practice,

New York: Routledge, 2009.

• Current and New Research Themes: – Strategic Plan for the UK Research Computing Ecosystem – New techniques for ATLAS and GridPP to utilise modern computer architectures – Eulerian and Lagrangian Approaches Towards Quantitative Prediction of Premature Labour,

Normal and Dysfunctional Labour – Genomic and Environmental Science Data Flows: replication, durability and metrology – Smart Spaces for Smart People: or How to 'Mashup' the Physical and Digital – Provenance and Linked Open Data – Dynamic Distributed Data-intensive Programming Abstractions and Systems (3DPAS) – Seismology: from data to actionable evidence – Data-Intensive-Research: Methods inspired by database experience – Modelling and Microbiology: using computational methods to understand how biological cells

survive, proliferate and evolve – Next Generation Sky Surveys: Astronomical Opportunities and Computational Challenges

-- UK e-Science Institute Wikishttp://wiki.esi.ac.uk/

e-Research: e-Science

e-Research: e-Social Science• As e-social science – or e-research within the social sciences – developed,

it broadened out to include– the use of digital data harvested from the Web to capture people’s views and map

their individual behaviours and their networks; – the exploration of new forms of digital data, such as mobile phone logs and GPS; – the creation and exploitation of metadata to facilitate the sharing and reuse of data; – linking data about individuals and the confidentiality and ethical issues that this raises; – webometrics; – mapping geo-referenced data; – large-scale social simulations of various sorts; – parallelisation of statistical routines; – collaborative markup of video data about social interaction; – text and data mining; – and tools for delivering behavioural interventions over the internet.

Halfpenny, P., & Procter, R. (2010). The e-social science research agenda

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, 368(1925), 3761-3778. doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0154

e-Research: e-Humanities

Anderson, S., Blanke, T., & Dunn, S. (2010). Methodological commons: Arts and humanities e-science fundamentals

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, 368(1925), 3779-3796. doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0156

European Digital Research Infrastructure for the Arts and Humanities (DARIAH-EU)

Interesting Trend in e-Research Support

• From Grid model – top-down, big infrastructure, large scale, nationally/internationally collaborative, fast

computing power…

• To a more diverse model – light-weight, easy-to-use and familiar protocols,

for example Web 2.0 applications…

What Is Our Value as Librarian?

• e-Science is where “IT meets scientists”.– “Jim Gray on eScience: A Transformed Scientific Method,” Fourth

Paradigm (Redmond, Wash: Microsoft Research, 2009).

• Library can curate data and make data more accessible and discoverable

But Also • Librarian can be a bridge between IT and

scientists in many other ways

Our Understanding of Data Services

• New position and new skill setsBut also,

• Data services can be an integral part of subject librarianship

• Workshops on statistical software packages– Encourage students to be confident with technology

and participate in software user groups– Emphasize practical ways of documenting the research

process • Individual assistance with data analysis techniques

– Help solve specific coding problems– Help find and consult with experts

What We have been Doing - I

• Get to know data warehouse projects on Campus, conduct environmental survey, provide consulting services and have continuous conversation with researchers– Innovative social sciences data projects– Issues and techniques involved: aggregate multiple

data sources, web interface, data visualization … • NJ Data Bank• Newark School Research Collaborative education data

warehouse

What We have been Doing - II

When subject librarians also get involved

• Introduce data services to fellow librarians– Newsletter, new librarian orientation

• Attend data metadata class together with subject librarians– Be part of the team for institutional data

repository• Keep subject librarians updated with general

and subject specific data management training resources

• Data Management Workshop for faculty– Senior subject librarian planned and organized– Cosponsored and actively supported by Campus

Research Office – Institutional data repository leaders presented– Life Sciences and Physical Sciences librarians also

presented – Resources compiled and put on a LibGuide

What We have Started Doing - I

What We have Started Doing - II

• Physical Sciences Librarian promotes library data services when reaching out to faculty– Data Services Librarian invited to speak during

library session for graduate students conversation on the practices and issues within a Biochemistry lab group

– Planning for another data management workshop in January for the Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences – graduate students + faculty

What We have Started Doing - III• Dana Data Team (made up of the Data Services

Librarian + 2 Science Librarians) met with science professor to discuss her data management plan (DMP) for her NSF grant application– Sent professor information about DMPs, including

links to sample plans– Looked over her DMP draft – With assistance from institutional data support

leaders, made suggestions– Also discussed library’s data portal features and how

data management is supported via our repository professor plans to use it to archive her research data

Some Reflections– We are continuously learning metadata for data and data

management best practices in different research fields– We learned new things about data management practice

and issues each time we had conversation with researchers

– We may not be able to provide concrete help with IT programming, but we are able to share our knowledge and perspective and we can provide an environmental scan and point to possible solutions

– Subject librarians are very valuable for data services and data services can be an integral part of their subject expertise

Acknowledgements

We’d like to thank VALE, the NJLA College and University Section, and New Jersey Chapter of ACRL for allowing

us the opportunity to present today.

We’d also like to thank Laura Bowering Mullen for being such a wonderful moderator/recorder.

Thank you for listening.

Thank you!

Questions?

bonnie.fong@rutgers.edu minglu@rutgers.edu