Lecture 21

I am Monarcha Scholarum, I am Paracelsus;

One whisker on my cheek owns more intelligence than all of you!

Come, let me fill you with stories of men-Not just of men - but of scientists!

- Paracelsus

History of Geology and the interpretation of strata

Webpage for course (daytime)

Webpage for course (nighttime)

Changes to schedule:

Lab final moved back 1 weekfrom 12/1 to 12/8

Lecture Test III moved from 12/7 to 12/2(12/6 to 12/1 nighttime class)

For revised syllabus, see

http://www.umpi.maine.edu/~mccartnk/pg10fdrv.htm

The Greeks

Determined the Earth was roundEstimated its approximate sizeSome advanced idea that Earth @ SunBuilt steam engines, accurate clocksOne (Archimedes) believed fossils to be

remains of ancient animals

The Greeks

Aristotle (circa 350 BCE)

Aristotle

Four properties

Four elements Transmutation of elements

History continues…

Romans (circa 100 BCE to 400 CE)Dark Ages (circa up to 1000 CE)Middle Ages (1200, 1300…)RENAISSANCE

to 1500s

Double, double, toil and troubleFire, burn and cauldron bubbleFilet of a fenny snakeIn a caudron boil and bakeEye of newt, toe of frogWool of bat and tounge of dog…For a charm of powerful troubleLike a hellbroth boil and bubble

Geology? -- THE GREAT DELUGE

Diluvialism

How olde was the Earth?

Bishop Ussher October 26, 4004 BC, 9:00 am

Interpretations of Geologic History

DiluvialismCatastrophismNeptunism

Abraham Werner

Werner

Interpretations of Geologic History

DiluvialismCatastrophismNeptunism

PlutonismJames Hutton

Hutton (and Nicholas Steno)

Principle of UNIFORMITARIANISM

Principle of Original Horizontality

Principle of Superposition

Principle of Cross-cutting relationships

Principle of Superposition

Fig. 18-3, pg. 420

Principle of Cross-cutting relationships

Fig. 18-5, pg. 421

Wm. “Strata” SmithCanals

Principle of Faunal Succession

Wm. “Strata” SmithGeologic map of England

Charles Lyell“Principles of Geology”

Major discoveries since Lyell

Importance of glaciers (1840s)

Plate Tectonics (presented, 1915,

accepted, 1960s)