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Anatomical Position
• Hands at sides • Palms facing forward• Feet together• Front view (anterior)• Back view (posterior)• Pg. 16 Figure 1-6
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Anatomical Position – Supine vs. Prone
• Supine – – Lying with the front or face and hands facing upward
• Prone – – Lying with the front or face and hands facing downward
A. Directional Terminology• Superior (cephalic or cranial) vs. Inferior (caudal)• Anterior (ventral) vs. Posterior (dorsal)• Lateral vs. Medial (mesial)• Proximal vs. Distal• Superficial vs. Deep
Pg. 19 Table 1-3!!!
Superficial vs. Deep
• Superficial – – Toward or at the body
surface
• Deep – – Away from the body
surface
http://www.med.mun.ca/anatomy/media/overview/Comp3.jpg
Anatomical Planes/Sections• Frontal (coronal) –
divides the body into anterior/posterior parts
• Transverse (horizontal) – divides the body into superior/inferior parts– Also known as a
cross-section
Anatomical Planes/Sections
• Sagittal – divides the body into right and left parts–Midline
Anatomical Directions Lab
• Lab report is due in one week!!
• Please follow the protocol given to you and make sure you have drawings or pictures with labels.
• YES…you may use your cell phone to take pictures!!
Major Body Cavities & Structures• Cavity – hollow area within the body• Two Major Cavities:
Dorsal• Cranial Cavity – pg. 207• Vertebral Cavity – pg. 224
Ventral: houses a group of internal organs (viscera); subdivided into:• Thoracic Cavity – ribs and
chest• Abdominal Cavity –
directly below the diaphragm
• Pelvic Cavity – below Abdominal Cavity
Anterior VIEW of Body Cavities
Figure 1.9b
Ventral body cavity(thoracic and abdomino-pelviccavities)
Abdomino-pelviccavity
Superiormediastinum
Pleuralcavity
Cranialcavity
Vertebralcavity
Pericardialcavity withinthe mediastinum
Diaphragm
Abdominal cavity(contains digestiveviscera)
Pelvic cavity(contains bladder,reproductive organs,and rectum)
Thoraciccavity(containsheartand lungs)
(b) Anterior view
Key:
Dorsal body cavity
Ventral body cavity
Abdominopelvic REGIONS
Epi= upon
Hypo= low
Chondri= cartilage
Iliac= hip
Gastric = stomach
The 11 Body Systems
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Nervous System
Endocrine System
Cardiovascular System
Lymphatic System
Respiratory System
Digestive System
Urinary System
Reproductive SystemPages 143-149
Integumentary & Skeletal Systems
Integumentary System Skeletal System
Day 1
Muscular & Nervous Systems
Muscular System Nervous System
Day 1
Endocrine & Cardiovascular Systems
Endocrine System Cardiovascular System
Day 1
Lymphatic & Respiratory Systems
Lympathic System Respiratory System
Day 1
Digestive & Urinary Systems
Digestive System Urinary System
Day 1
Reproductive System
Male Reproductive System Female Reproductive System
Day 1
D. Clinical Terminology
• Read “Sectional Anatomy and Clinical Technology” pgs. 12-14 in A & P Applications Manual.
• Radiography –– Film records (radiographs) of internal
structures of the body made by electromagnetic radiation (X-rays, gamma rays, radio waves) passing through the body to act on special film
– CT/CAT (computerized axial tomography) –
• Imaging technique that uses X-rays to reconstruct the body’s 3-D structure
CT/CAT scanning machine
D. Clinical Terminology– PET (position emission
tomography) –• Imaging technique that shows the
chemical functioning and structure of organs
– MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) –
• Imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to show subtle structure differences
– Ultrasound – • Imaging technique that uses brief
bursts of high-frequency sound waves reflected by internal structures
PET scan of 20-yr old’s brain
Fetal ultrasound
Day 1