Post on 21-Jan-2019
Lean Construction Institute Israel – http://www.leanconstruction.org/israel
LCI Israel’s LaunchTel Aviv, 20th May, 2015
Lean Construction Institute Israel – http://www.leanconstruction.org/israel
Disclaimer Notice
LCI Israel welcomes you to the following presentation:
The presenter has allowed us to use these slides with the understanding that they will only be used for educational purposes and not to be copied or distributed in any way not approved by LCI Israel.
The slides will be made available for the viewing public in PDF format, on the LCI Israel website, to maintain the integrity of the presentation. Any views expressed in this presentation are those of the presenter and not of LCI Israel.
Lean Construction Institute Israel – http://www.leanconstruction.org/israel
BIM and Lean Construction
Achieving Smooth Workflowwith Lean and BIM
Assoc. Professor Rafael Sacks
4© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Contents
• Smooth Workflow and Waste in construction
• Lean and BIM Synergies
• Examples from practice
• Research tools and techniques
• Conclusions
100
125
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325
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Pro
du
ctiv
ity
Ind
ex
Productivity in Manufacturing vs. Construction in Israel, 1960-2010
6© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
What is Lean Construction?
• Creating value for clients
• Removing waste
• Smooth flow of operations
See www.leanconstruction.org
7© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Two sides of the same coin…
8© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Can you see the Waste here?
9© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Can you see the Waste here !
10© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Can you see the Waste here?
11© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Now can you see the Waste ?
12© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
The workflow waste
Design and
Quantity
take-off
WaitStorage
(2-4 weeks)
Order,
delivery, lifting
(1 day)
Production
(2 days)
Wait
(2-3 weeks)
Build
(1 wk)Wait
Electrical
and
plumbing
Wait
Plaster
Wait
Hand-
over
2-6 months
Value-adding
activity
Non value-
adding activity
(Typical duration)
Legend
Time axis
13© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Typical
apartment
baseline
Quantifying the Waste
14© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Laying blocks
32%
Scaffold2%
Marking out7%
Cutting blocks
24%
Fixing ends3%
Moving blocks
4%
Cleaning10%
Move between
floors0%
Rework11%
Changes7%
Work Hours
Quantifying the Waste
15© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Workflow and Information
The flow of work is dependent on the flow of information
Product Information
Process Information
16© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Information related Waste
Project managers on high-end projects reported spending up to 60% of their time managing client changes and the resulting complexity of instructions to specialty contractors.
Sacks, R., and Goldin, M., (2007). ‘Lean Management Model for Construction of High-rise Apartment Buildings’, ASCE Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 133 No. 5 pp. 374-384
17© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Lean and BIM Synergy
• Lean Construction
• Building Information Modeling (BIM)
Sacks, R., Koskela, L., Dave, B. and Owen, R.L., (2010). ‘The Interaction of Lean and Building Information Modeling in Construction’, Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 136 No. 9 pp. 968-980.
18© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Lean Construction PrinciplesArea Principle
Flow process Reduce variability
Reduce cycle times
Reduce batch sizes (strive for single piece flow)
Increase flexibility
Select an appropriate production control approach
Standardize
Institute continuous improvement
Use visual management
Design the production system for flow and value
Value generation
process
Ensure comprehensive requirements capture
Focus on concept selection
Ensure requirement flowdown
Verify and validate
Problem-solving Go and see for yourself
Decide by consensus, consider all options
Developing
partners
Cultivate an extended network of partners
19© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Stage Functional area and function
Design Visualization of form
Rapid generation and evaluation of multiple
design alternatives
Maintenance of information and design
model integrity
Automated generation of drawings and
documents
Design and
Fabrication Detailing
Collaboration in design and construction
Pre-construction and
Construction
Rapid generation and evaluation of
construction plan alternatives
Online/electronic object-based
communication
BIM Functionality
Lean Principles
BIM Functionality
Red
uce
Var
iab
ility
Red
uce
cyc
le t
imes
Red
uce
bat
ch s
izes
Incr
ease
fle
xib
ility
Sele
ct a
n a
pp
rop
riat
e p
rod
uct
ion
co
ntr
ol
app
roac
h
Stan
dar
diz
e
Inst
itu
te c
on
tin
uo
us
imp
rove
men
t
Use
vis
ual
man
agem
ent
Des
ign
th
e p
rod
uct
ion
sy
stem
fo
r fl
ow
an
d
valu
e
Ensu
re c
om
pre
hen
sive
re
qu
irem
ents
cap
ture
Focu
s o
n c
on
cep
t se
lect
ion
Ensu
re r
equ
irem
ents
fl
ow
do
wn
Ver
ify
and
Val
idat
e
Go
an
d s
ee f
or
you
rsel
f
Dec
ide
by
con
sen
sus
con
sid
er a
ll o
pti
on
s
Cu
ltiv
ate
an e
xten
ded
n
etw
ork
of
par
tner
s
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X
Visualization of form 1 1,2 3 4 11 5 6 4
Rapid generation and evaluation of multiple design alternatives
2 1 22 7 7 8
3 9 9 22 51 1 16 5
4 10 12 8 16 5
5 1,2 1 12 1 1 1 5
Maintenance of information and design model integrity
6 11 11 11
7 12 12 22 12
Automated generation of drawings and documents
8 11 22 (52) 53 54 54
Collaboration in design and construction
9 23 36 36
10 2,13 24 33 43 46 49
Rapid generation and evaluation of multiple construction plan alternatives
11 14 25 (29) 31 (41) 44
12 15 25 (29) 37 (41) 44 47
13 2 40 25 (29) 17 40 40 40 44 47 49
Online/electronic object-based communication
14 29 26 30 30 34 34 (42) 47 48
15 18 26 30 30 34 38 38 34 (42) 45 49
16 19 27 32
17 20 28 35 (42) 50
18 21 30 30 34 39 (42) 47 48
Lean - BIM Interaction Matrix
21© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
BIM tools and techniques
• Standardization of design leads to standardization of work
22© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Flow of Information
• Standardization of modeling process - LOD
Building Operation and Maintenance
Construction on Site
Manufacturing
Construction Detailing
Contracting
Detailed Design
Licensing
Schematic Design
Program
BIM Maturity
Level
0
1
2
3
23© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
BIM tools and techniques• MEP Coordination – Dawn Tower example
24© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
• MEP Coordination – Dawn Tower example
BIM tools and techniques
25© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
• MEP Coordination – Dawn Tower example
BIM tools and techniques
26© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
BIM tools and techniques• MEP Coordination – Dawn Tower example
27© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Traditional Information FlowArchitectural
Design
StructuralDesign
SystemsDesign
SystemsDetailing
ConstructionStructuralDetailing
ArchitecturalDetailing
Drawings Drawings
2D Coordination
Designer or Supplier
General Contractor
Legend
28© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
BIM Information Flow
Building Modeling
ArchitecturalDesign
StructuralDesign
SystemsDesign
SystemsDetailing
ConstructionStructuralDetailing
ArchitecturalDetailing
Drawings/Models
Drawings/Models
3D Coordination
Designer or Supplier
General Contractor
Legend
29© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
VDC* Information Flow
Building Modeling
ArchitecturalDesign
StructuralDesign
SystemsDesign
SystemsDetailing
ConstructionStructuralDetailing
ArchitecturalDetailing
Drawings/Models
Drawings/ Models
3D Coordination
Drawings
*Virtual Design and Construction
30© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Lean (pull) VDC Information Flow
Building Modeling
ArchitecturalDesign
StructuralDesign
SystemsDesign
SystemsDetailing
Construction
StructuralDetailing
ArchitecturalDetailing
Drawings/Models
Drawings/Models
3D Coordination
Drawings
Pull signals**Phase planning and Look Ahead planning
31© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Rosh HaAyin project
• Flagship Tidhar Lean and BIM transformation project
• Co-location
• Reduced lead time for permits
• Model collaboration
• Client changes managed using models
32© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Rosh HaAyin project• 1,056 apartments
• USD $235 million
33© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Rosh HaAyin project• Modeled fully by a
collaborative team
34© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Rosh HaAyin project• Modeled fully by a
collaborative team
35© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
BIM Collaboration with Co-location
• ‘Big Room’
36© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
BIM Collaboration with Co-location
• ‘Big Room’
37© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
BIM Collaboration with Co-location
• ‘Big Room’
38© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Client Change Coordination
Project managers on high-end projects reported spending up to 60% of their time managing client changes and the resulting complexity of instructions to specialty contractors.
Sacks, R., and Goldin, M., (2007). ‘Lean Management Model for Construction of High-rise Apartment Buildings’, ASCE Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 133 No. 5 pp. 374-384
39© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Information flows from client to builder
Client
Designer
Builder
40© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Information flows from client to builder
Client
Changes Rep
Project Manager
Site Manager
DesignerSub
contractor
Crew leader
Builder
Supplier
41© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Modeling the apartment
42© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Modeling the apartment
43© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Modeling the apartment
44© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Modeling the apartment
45© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Information flows from client to builder
Client
Changes Rep
Project Manager
Site Manager
Designer
Sub contractor
Crew leader
Builder
Supplier
46© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
KanBIM™
Aim: To propose, define, develop and test a BIM-enabled system to
support production planning and day to day production control on construction sites.
Kanban(pull flow control in lean production management)
+BIM
(Building Information Modeling)
=KanBIM
47© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
+
-
Main ducts –Ducts 20-31
Main ducts –Ducts 53-63
Main ducts –Ducts 33-42
Secondary ducts –Ducts 10a-20a
End Units –Zone 1
Testing HVAC -Zone 1
Sprinkler pipes Floor 3
Install main lines Basement 3 Fire fighting pump room
Pipe installation in drywalls West side basement 1
Install main lines Basement 2 Fire fighting pump room
Sprinkler pipes Floor 4
Main distribution board –Wiring Entrance floor Lobby
Support installation of hoist South side facade
Duct installation in drywalls West side Basement 1
Electrical connection HVAC end unit zone 1
Framing West side Basement 1
Side A West side Basement 1
Framing East side Basement 1
Framing for false ceiling Entrance floor Lobby
Side A East side Basement 1
Fix cracks West side basement 3 W12
Partitions Basement 1
Lintels and ring beams Basement 1
Complete to ceiling Basement 1
Partition walls Storerooms Basement 3
Close openings above HVAC Stairwell 2 Basement 1
Partitions Basement 2Lintels and ring
beams Basement 2
Complete to ceiling Basement 2
Erect HollowcoreFloor 5 Grids A1 to D4
Erect HollowcoreFloor 5 Grids A5 to D8
Prepare and pour topping Floor 5 Grids A1 to D8
Strip and clean Floor 5 Grids A1 to D8
Erect columns Floor 6 Grids E5 to H8
Erect columns Floor 6 Grids E1 to H4
Cut HVAC access holes Floor 4 Grid B3-C4
KanBIM™
48© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Plumber avatar in the VCS
Gurevich, U., and Sacks, R., (2014). ‘Examination of the Effects of a KanBIM Production Control System on Subcontractors' Task Selections in Interior Works,’ Automation in Construction, Vol. 37, pp. 81-87.
49© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
KanBIM™Test Subject Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FZ3XRfXmeGE&index= 4LP=tsil&3 E5E3C1B2DAAF8DD
50© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Typical results
Net value-earned without KanBIM
Net value-earned with KanBIM
Gross production without KanBIM
Gross production with KanBIM
51© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Summary
• Information flow improvements in incremental steps:
– From 2D to Building Modeling (BIM)
– From BIM to Virtual Design and Construction (VDC)
– From VDC to Lean (pull) VDC
• Product configuration and information flows
• Deliver product and process information to work crews - empower crews
52© 2015 Rafael Sacks
Seskin Virtual Construction LabCivil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion - Israel Institute of Technology
Conclusion
Can BIM improve workflow/remove waste in construction processes?
There are significant synergies between Lean Construction and BIM. • BIM makes construction leaner even when lean is
not the explicit intent. • BIM can significantly enhance any lean construction
transformation.
Short answer: Yes Longer answer:
Lean Construction Institute Israel – http://www.leanconstruction.org/israel
BIM and Lean Construction
Achieving Smooth Workflowwith Lean and BIM
Assoc. Professor Rafael Sacks
Thanks for your attention….
• Questions, discussion?