Post on 24-Feb-2016
description
Latin America
Spanish and Portuguese brought their language and customs
What does this leave out?
Why is it called “Latin America?”
THE SPANISH EMPIRE IN THE NEW WORLD
Maya (Yucatan Peninsula and Guatemala)
Aztec (Mexico)Inca (Peru)Many other
smaller indigenous groups throughout
Indigenous People
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZNG2TU2hRg8&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active
http://www.rutahsa.com/KC603-8.jpg
Sophisticated civilizations
Africans were brought to Latin America
Caribbean nations in particular, but also parts of Venezuela, Colombia, and Brazil had large slave populations
African Slaves
Criollos- European ancestry
Mestizos: European and indigenous ancestry
Colonizing vs. Conqueror: was Latin America colonized or conquered?
People of Mixed Origin
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuD4vchi3ho&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active
CONQUEST
A NEW PEOPLE
Does race matter in Latin America?
Hacendados- wealthy landowners
Peons- unskilled peasants
How might this social system affect Latin America today?
Social Class – Colonial times
ENCOMIENDAGrant by the
Spanish king to an individual of land and the labor of any inhabitants living on it.
Led to much abuse of the Indians, as landowners were far away from crown’s authority and not easily accountable.
BRAZILDivided into
‘captaincies’ Military officers
received enormous grants of land that they had to settle at their own expense.
Few prospered.Few Portuguese
women migrated.
SPANISH TOWNS Council of the Indies drew
up ‘Laws of the Indies’ which spelled out:
How Indians were to be addressed and treated
Rules for founding and naming new ‘discoveries.’
Strict rules for laying out new towns and cities.
Had to be in fertile valleys, not too high
Had to have central plaza and streets off it at right angles.
Mercantilism- a system in which a colony's only
purpose is to provide raw materials and act as a
market
Revolutionary uprisings with criollos fighting on both sides
Independence is achieved
Independence
SPANISH SOUTH AMERICA
Latin America
Caudillo- strong man, military leader
Many nations in Latin America experienced constant coups
Militaries often dominated political life
19th Century- Rise of the Caudillo
What ideologies are likely to emerge?
How might these social, political, economic patterns
effect Latin America?
Huge gaps between wealthy and poor make communism appealing to many
Although growing today, many Latin American nations lack a strong middle class
Communism in Latin America
The US has intervened militarily in: Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador,
Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Bolivia, Chile, Brazil, Cuba, Grenada, Dominican Republic, Haiti
Reasons: protect US economic interests, fight communism, war on drugs
US Intervention in Latin America
What does the Mexican writer, Carlos Fuentes, mean here?
"Alas, poor Mexico. So far from God. So close to the United States." –Carlos
Fuentes
Huge neighbor to the north
Over reliance on single commodity
Agrarian economies
Lack of education
Economic development
North American Free Trade Agreement
Lowered tariffs between USA, Mexico, and Canada
NAFTA
Economic immigrants seeking opportunities in US
Difficulties assimilating
US born children of migrants face challenges as well
Immigration
Comparison- Why are they so poor?AfricaTribalismGovernment
corruptionColonialismSlaveryOver reliance on
single exportGeography
Latin AmericaMercantilismCorruptionColonialismOver Reliance on
single exportSlavery