Post on 01-Apr-2015
Lab 11Sphenophyta, Pterophyta
Sphenophyta
• General features of the vascular plants• Common name: Horsetails• Synonyms: Arthrophyta• Sporophyte growth habit: Stems,
leaves, roots• Gametophyte growth habit:
Photosynthetic thalli
Sphenophyta
• Stele: Siphonostele• Undulipodia (“flagella”): Several
whiplash• Sexual reproduction: Homosporous• Representative genera: Equisetum• Recognized by: Scale leaves in whorls;
hollow stems; meiosporangia on sporangiophores
Equisetum
Sphenophyta
Equisetum aerial stem
Sphenophyta
Equisetum rhizome
Sphenophyta
Equisetum gametophyte
Sphenophyta
Equisetum gametophyte with embryonic sporophyte
Sphenophyta
Equisetum strobilus
Sphenophyta
Equisetum strobilus
Sphenophyta
Equisetum strobilus
Sphenophyta
Equisetum meiospores
Sphenophyta
Pterophyta
• General features of the vascular plants• Common name: Ferns• Synonyms: Pteridophyta, Filicophyta• Sporophyte growth habit: Stems,
leaves, roots• Gametophyte growth habit:
Photosynthetic thalli• Stele: Siphonostele or protostele
Pterophyta
• Undulipodia (“flagella”): Several whiplash
• Sexual reproduction: Homosporous or heterosporous
• Representative genera: Azolla, Cyrtomium, Marsilea, Osmunda, Polypodium, Salvinia
• Recognized by: Meiosporangium with annulus (not in all); meiosporangia often in clusters (sori) on undersides of leaves
Assorted ferns
Pterophyta
Sori
Pterophyta
Sori
Pterophyta
Sori
Pterophyta
Sori
Pterophyta
Sori
Pterophyta
Sori
Pterophyta
Osmunda rhizome
Pterophyta
Osmunda rhizome
Pterophyta
Marattia meiosporangia
Pterophyta
Fern sporangia
Pterophyta
Cyrtomium sori
Pterophyta
Fern gametophyte
Pterophyta
Fern gametophyte
Pterophyta
Fern gametophyte fertilization
Pterophyta
Fern gametophyte with sporophyte
Pterophyta
Fern gametophyte with sporophyte
Pterophyta
Marsilea
Pterophyta
Marsilea x.s. sporocarp
Pterophyta
Germinating Marsilea sporocarps
Pterophyta
Germinating Marsilea sporocarps
Pterophyta
Marsilea male, female gametophytes
Pterophyta
Azolla
Pterophyta
Salvinia
Pterophyta