Post on 18-Dec-2015
Chapter 22: Chapter 22: Introduction to PlantsIntroduction to Plants
Why are plants important?Why are plants important? KingdomKingdom
ArchaebacteriaArchaebacteria EubacteriaEubacteria ProtistaProtista FungiFungi PlantaePlantae AnimaliaAnimalia
Kingdom PlantaeKingdom Plantae
General CharacteristicsGeneral Characteristics EukaryoticEukaryotic MulticellularMulticellular AutotrophicAutotrophic PhotosyntheticPhotosynthetic Alternation of Alternation of
GenerationsGenerations n=gametophyten=gametophyte 2n=sporophyte2n=sporophyte
The Importance of PlantsThe Importance of Plants
Plants and PeoplePlants and People FoodFood Non-food usesNon-food uses
Medicine & industrial Medicine & industrial usesuses
Plants and the Plants and the EnvironmentEnvironment EcologyEcology
InteractionsInteractions
Harmful plantsHarmful plants
What Plants Need to SurviveWhat Plants Need to Survive
SunlightSunlight Water and MineralsWater and Minerals Gas ExchangeGas Exchange Movement of Water and NutrientsMovement of Water and Nutrients
Early PlantsEarly Plants
Change in the EnvironmentChange in the Environment Origins in WaterOrigins in Water
ChlorophytaChlorophyta Natural selectionNatural selection ChallengesChallenges
Preventing Water LossPreventing Water Loss Waxy cuticleWaxy cuticle stomatastomata
Reproduction by spores and Reproduction by spores and seedsseeds
Transporting materialsTransporting materials
Overview of the Plant KingdomOverview of the Plant Kingdom NonvascularNonvascular
BryophytaBryophyta No specialized tissues to transport fluidsNo specialized tissues to transport fluids Examples – moss, liverworts and hornwortsExamples – moss, liverworts and hornworts
VascularVascular PterophytaPterophyta
Specialized tissuesSpecialized tissues Seedless Seedless Examples – Fern, Horsetail and Club MossExamples – Fern, Horsetail and Club Moss
Seed Seed Gymnosperm Gymnosperm
Cones with Naked seedsCones with Naked seeds Example – Conifer, Cycad and GinkgoExample – Conifer, Cycad and Ginkgo
Angiosperm Angiosperm Flowering and FruitsFlowering and Fruits Woody and herbaceousWoody and herbaceous
Chapter 23: Chapter 23: Structures of Seed PlantsStructures of Seed Plants
Three Principal OrgansThree Principal Organs RootsRoots StemsStems LeavesLeaves
Specialized Tissue in PlantsSpecialized Tissue in Plants
Dermal TissueDermal Tissue single layer w/ cuticlesingle layer w/ cuticle
Ground TissueGround Tissue Bulk of plantBulk of plant
Vascular TissueVascular Tissue Support and Support and
transportation of food transportation of food and waterand water
Vascular TissueVascular Tissue
XylemXylem Water movementWater movement Tracheid cellsTracheid cells
PhloemPhloem Sugar and nutrient Sugar and nutrient
movementmovement Sieve tube elementsSieve tube elements
Specialized Plant Cells in Ground Specialized Plant Cells in Ground TissueTissue
Parenchyma Parenchyma Collenchyma Collenchyma Sclerenchyma Sclerenchyma
-general-general - strand/ cylinder - support - strand/ cylinder - support
Root FunctionsRoot Functions AnchorAnchor Absorb waterAbsorb water
Root hairsRoot hairs
Absorb mineralsAbsorb minerals
How does water get to theHow does water get to the
top of a tree?top of a tree?
StemsStems
FunctionsFunctions Produce leaves, branches Produce leaves, branches
and flowersand flowers Transport of waterTransport of water Storing water and nutrientsStoring water and nutrients Support leavesSupport leaves
Growth of StemsGrowth of Stems Primary growth – cell Primary growth – cell
division of apical division of apical meristemmeristem
Secondary growth – Secondary growth – various layers of xylem various layers of xylem and phloemand phloem
Reading a Tree’s History Reading a Tree’s History - - DendrochronologyDendrochronology
LeavesLeaves
Types of LeavesTypes of Leaves Simple and compoundSimple and compound
Leaf StructureLeaf Structure FunctionsFunctions
Modifications for Modifications for capturing lightcapturing light
Gas exchangeGas exchange TranspirationTranspiration
Chapter 24: Plant ReproductionChapter 24: Plant Reproduction
Life CyclesLife Cycles
Moss Fern ConiferMoss Fern Conifer
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Sexual Reproduction in Flowering PlantsPlants
Structure of FlowersStructure of Flowers
Seed and Fruit Seed and Fruit DevelopmentDevelopment Dispersal Dispersal
AnimalAnimal WindWind WaterWater
DormancyDormancy GerminationGermination
Chapter 25: Plant HormonesChapter 25: Plant Hormones
AuxinAuxin CytokininsCytokinins GibberellinsGibberellins EthyleneEthylene
Plant ResponsesPlant Responses
TropismsTropisms Phototropism Phototropism GravitropismGravitropism Thigmotropism Thigmotropism ChemotropismChemotropism