Post on 17-Dec-2015
Kim CornelissenRegional and International
Development ConsultantBebop et cie
The car industry’s global situation
Major world challenges«peak» oil and climate changesAn explosion of «green» solutionsPresure on more sustainable mobilityDemanding and well-informed customersA food crisis linked with energy questions
The car industry is in crisisSaturated markets and new marketsNon-flexible production and marketing structuresStricter demands from customers/governments2500 $ carsInnovation:A major element in competitivenessHard to achieve (platforms, risk management)Major differences between needs and final productsImportance of the life cycle analysis
Life cycle analysisWell-to-wheel approachMulti-sector approachPublic-private responsibilityIndividual and NGO’S watch on
companies’s behavior and ‘green’ claimsIntegration of the 3R-V: reduce, re-use,
recycle, find new uses
3 categories of impact (energy production)
Negative(extraction of
production needed to produce energy)
Neutre(captures the
available energy)
Positive(diminishes energy
production)
• Petrol and oil• Natural gaz• Agrofuels• Coal• Nuclear
• Wind• Solar• Geothermy• Tides
• Waste• Lower consumption• Negawatts• Energy sharing
Nb km pour mêmes émissions CO2
Low-consumption hybrid High-consumption hybrid
«Plug-in made in Québec» «Plug-in» and motorwheels(concept)
Examples of electric propulsion cars
Hybrids and «plug-in»Hybrid technology now common but risks of
greenwashingPlug-in/motorwheel mostly at the R&D levelRestricted uses (i.e.: maximum speed: 40 km Zenn )Many sources for electric production
Hydro-electricityCoalNuclear
Multi-propulsion (concept)
Biogaz and natural gas (100 %)Petrol 15% /ethanol 85 %
Low petrol consumption
Examples of fuel propulsion cars
Ethanol Confusion between biofuels/agrofuelsMajor land use conflicts with agrofuelsSubsidies create market distortion (Canada/É-U):
mandatory 5 % and 10 % (Canada/Québec)Cellulose ethanol (farm/forest waste)Mandatory labelling (energy source, country,
environment,human rights)Importance of life cycle analysis
BiogasMultiple environmental solutionMultiple uses: heating, electricity and transportDouble replacement of petrol (green gas)Need of more expertise to capture and purifyNeed of many different kinds of
infrastructures(bioreactors/fuelling stations, special gas tanks in cars- bi-fuel)
Biofuel market threathened by the ethanol market (less infrastructures)
CO2 Emissions
2268
3120
1968
34563160
4464
2400
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Smartdiésel
Yaris Prius Golf TDI GrandCaravan
E85
Volvo S-60
Volvo S-60 bi-fuel
*Source: Natural Resources Canada 2006Gröna Bilister (Volvo bi-fuel)
Petrol consumption
0
5
10
15
20
Smart diésel Prius Grand Caravan E-85
Volvo S-60 bi-fuel *
4,67,1
47,5
18,5
10,9
0
3,85,8
4,02 5,1
12,5
7,4
0
ville
autoroute
Source: Natural Resources Canada 2006Gröna Bilister (Volvo bi-fuel)
City
Highway
Swedish law on ecocars50 % increase in sales in 2007Includes many vehicle types competing for the same marketsBased on CO2 ‘tailpipe’ emission and not well-to-wheel analysisNo concern for sustainable development
Local economy and innovative energy marketsPublic-private partnership, rural/urbanHuman rights (sugarcane from Brazil, Sénégal, etc.)
Parking and toll problemsBi-fuel market still growing even with the replacement of Volvo
‘bi-fuel’ by ethanol Flexifuel
The situation in QuébecEnergy production is exportedDamaged road infrastructuresNo car productionNo ecocar lawNatural gas infrastructures (mostly Gaz
Métro)
Need of a global vision
Public solutionsSupport local production for multi-uses energy:
ElectricityBiogas
Label energy sourcesDevelop multi-choice transportation based on confort:
Cost of petrol, toll and parking managementCar sharing/public transport/multi-modal links
Rethink the notion that highway are investissements and public transport are spendings
Private solutions (car industry)Lobby for higher safety and environmental norms (world-
level) Analyze and work on elements that hinder innovationUse lighter material and tiresRethink dealers’ profits methodologyPromote the enterprise and not only the productsGet involved in communities and in sustainable mobility
projects
Individual solutions(Low consumption, negawatts and sharing)
Buy smaller but safe carsRather than own a car, use car-sharing such as CommunAutoFind out about the fun of eco-driving and eco-maintenanceManage efficiently your needs of transport
Transport: a question of comfort!
Thank you!