Post on 22-Nov-2021
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JOHN NASH’S HALLUCINATION IN THE FILM A BEAUTIFUL MIND BY RON HOWARD
THESIS
Submitted to the Board Examiner in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for Literature Degree at English Literature Department
by DAHLIA
AI.140225
ENGLISH LITERATURE DEPARTMENT ADAB DAN HUMANITIES FACULTY
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SULTHAN THAHA SAIFUDDIN JAMBI
2018
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MOTTO
Meaning: “From the evil of the retreating whisperer .Who whispers [evil] into the
breasts of mankind from among the jinn and mankind."[An-nas:4-6]1
Artinya : Dari kejahatan (bisikan) setan yang biasa bersembunyi yang membisikkan
(kejahatan) ke dalam dada manusia dari (golongan) jin dan manusia.
[An-nas:4-6]2
1 www.theonlyquran.com
2 http://.quran30.net/2012/08/surat-nas.html ( accessed November 09,2018 at 10:pm)
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DEDICATION
Bismillâhirrahmânirrahỉm
I would to say thank you to Allah SWT who gave me His grace and convenience to
help you Complete my final project entitled John Nash portrayed in the film A
Beautiful Mind by Howard.
I want to say, thank you to the person I love, especially my parents, my mother named
Nurhayati, my father Named Edi Simanjuntak, and my whole family who give me
prayer and understood them as long as I did my thesis assignment.
I am very grateful to Mrs.Tira Mariana, SS, M. Hum and Mr. Minsakutra, SS, M.
Hum as co-supervisors Help me in composing and also managing my content
patiently, helping me in overcoming my language which has guided me to complete
my test with satisfying results.
Last but not least, I thank the friends who have helped and support me to finish my
test well; they are Herry, Afga Ronald Mahesa, BDR, Nani Yulansari, Rikawati,
Nuryatimah, Cici Dela Awalia, Bunga Sri Rezeky and all my friends who have
supported me.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘aalamiin.
All praises be to Allah, the Most Beneficent and the Most Merciful, who has
given me the mercy, strength, health, and guidance in accomplishing the thesis
entitled John Nash Hallucination in The Film A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard,
which is submitted to fulfill the requirements for bachelor degree (S1) in English
Literature, Adab and Humanities, State Islamic University, Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin
Jambi. Shalawat and Salam are upon our Prophet and last Messenger, Muhammad
SAW, who has brought us from the darkness to lightness as we feel today.
Then, I would like to thank those who have assisted me in writing this thesis.
My sincere gratitude goes to:
1. The Rector of State Islamic University, Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, Dr.
H. Hadri Hasan, MA. The Deputy of Rector, Dr. H. Suaidi, MA, PhD, Dr. H.
Hidayat, M.Pd, and Dr. Hj. Fadilla, M.Pd, who allowed me to study in the
university.
2. The Dean of Adab and Humanities Faculty, Prof. Dr. Maisah, M.Pd.I. The
deputy of dean, Dr. Alfian, M. Ed, Dr. H. M. Fadhil, M. Ag, and Dr.
Raudhoh, S. Ag. SS. M. Pdi.
3. My great supervisors, Minsakutra, SS, M.Hum and Tira Mariana, SS, M.
Hum, who have been tremendous mentor for me.
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4. All of my lectues who have given me so much knowledge and experiences
during meeting in this class until now.
5. All of official in adab and humanities facullty who have managed my
administrations and requirements as long as my study till gruadation.
6. My parent whi have made sacrifices on my behalf. My sisters and brother.
Words cannot express how grateful I am. Their prayer and love for me were
what sustained me thus far.
7. My best friends, my classmates A/B, I would like to thank you so much for all
he things that we have made together since we were in the 1th semester till
now. 1 am going to miss our class so bad.
8. My all friends in UIN STS Jambi, Posko 25 Kukerta, and so forth that I
cannot write all of them, thanks you so much for your help, support, and
wish.
Finnally, I admit this thesis is truly perfect. Therefore I very need the
comments and critics from the readers, especially the student of English
literature of Adab and Humanities faculty, State Islamic University, Sulthan
Thaha Saifudin Jambi.
Jambi. November 09th 2018
The Writer
Dahlia
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ABSTRACT
Dahlia, 2018. John Nash Hallucination in The Film A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard Jurusan Sastra Inggris. Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negri Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi.
Supervisor I : Minsakutra, SS.MA Supervisor II : Tira Mariana, SS, M. Hum
This thesis discusses the hallucination in the film A beautiful mind by Ron Howard. A Beautiful Mind tells of John Nash a student at one of the universities who did not like learning in class or John Nash preferred to study alone. John Nash in film A Beautiful Mind experiences hallucination or referred to as schizophrenia in his life. The purpose of this study is as follows: first, to find out the portrayal of John Nash's hallucination. Second, to find out the causes of John Nash's hallucination. Third, to find out how John Nash controlled his hallucination.
This study uses the theory of hallucination and psychological approach. Descriptive qualitative methods to analyze the data in this study thesis. The source of the data is taken from the conversation, and the scenes in the movie A Beautiful Mind.
The findings in this study are, first, the hallucination portrayed in the film is, hear voices, see things and feel things. Second, the causes of John Nash hallucination are dreams, ideals and diseases. Third, the way John Nash controls his hallucination are by seeing the doctor, by using non-medical interventions and by using distraction.
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ABSTRAK
Dahlia, 2018. John Nash Hallucination in the film A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard Jurusan Sastra Inggris. Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negri Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi.
Pembimbing I : Minsakutra, SS. MA
Pembimbing II : Tira Mariana, SS, M. Hum
Skripsi ini membahas tentang hallucination di dalam film A beautiful mind
oleh Ron Howard.A beautiful mind menceritakan tentang John Nash seorang mahasiswa di salah satu universitas yang tidak begitu menyukai belajar di dalam kelas atau John Nash lebih menyukai belajar sendiri,John Nash di dalam film A Beautiful Mind mengalami halusinasi atau di sebut dengan penyakit schizophrenia di dalam hidupnya.Tujuan penelitian ini sebagai berikut:pertama,untuk mengetahui gambaran halusinasi John Nash. Kedua, untuk mengetahui penyebab halusinasi John Nash. Ketiga,untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara John Nash mengontrol halusinasi.
Penelitian in menggunakan pendekatan teori hallucination, dan psychological approach menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk menganalisa data dalam skripsi ini,sumber data di ambil dari percakapan, dan adegan di dalam film A Beautiful Mind. Penemuan penelitian gambaran halusinasi John Nash yang ada di dalam film A Beautiful Mind sebagai berikut:pertama, mendengar, melihat dan merasakan .Kedua,menemukan penyebab John Nash berhalusinasi yaitu:bermimpi,cita-cita dan penyakit.Ketiga,menemukan cara John Nash mengontrol halusinasi yaitu dengan cara pergi ke dokter,tanpa medis dan selingan.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
PAGE OF TITLE. ............................................................................................ I
APPROVAL .................................................................................................... ii
LETTER OF RATIFICATION. ..................................................................... iii
ORIGINAL THESIS STATEMENT ............................................................ iv
MOTTO ........................................................................................................... v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................. vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................. vii
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... ix
ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................... x
TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Problem ................................................................. 1 B. Formulation of the Problem ................................................................. 4 C. Limitation of the Problem .................................................................... 4 D. Purpose of the Research ....................................................................... 5 E. Significance of the Research ................................................................ 5
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Hallucination Theory ........................................................................... 6 a. Kinds of Hallucination............................................................... 7 b. The Causes of Hallucination...................................................... 8 c. How to Control Hallucination. .................................................. 10
B. Psychological Approach....................................................................... 14 C. Characteristic of Human. ..................................................................... 17 D. Review of Related Research. ............................................................... 17
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH
A. Design of the Research........................................................................... 23 B. Sources of the Data. ............................................................................... 25 C. Technique of Data Collection. ............................................................... 25
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D. Technique of Data Analysis. .................................................................. 27 CHAPTER IV FINDING AND ANALYSIS
A. John Nash’s hallucination portrayed in the film A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard. ........................................................ 30
B. The causes of John Nash’s hallucination in the film A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard. ....................................................... 45
C. John Nash ways in controling his hallucination in the film A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard. ........................................................ 50
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ............................................................................................... 57
B. Suggestion ............................................................................................... 58
REFERENCES
APPENDIXS I
APPENDIXS II
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Problem
People talk about what it is like to experience symptoms associated with
schizophrenia, schizoid-affective disorder and psychosis. Two types of symptoms are
associated with schizophrenia: so-called 'positive' symptoms, including hallucinations,
delusions, disturbed thinking and paranoia, and 'negative' symptoms, including
tiredness, loss of concentration, lack of energy and motivation, few facial movements
and flat emotions. Not everyone who has a particular condition will experience all the
symptoms associated with that condition. This summary focuses on positive
symptoms; negative symptoms are discussed.
Hallucinations are people with depression and other conditions may also
experience some of the symptoms discussed here.1It means that hallucinations
including hearing voices. Many people talked about experiencing hallucinations:
hallucinations are something that you hear, smell, feel or see.
The reason for choosing the topic Jhon Nash hallucinations is based on the film
A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard .Because Jhon Nash is always more hallucinations
1Robert, “Definition of hallucination”, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 2000, p. 98.
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in every activities that he did . It mean that hallucinations is the condition when a
person who experience it sees ,hears, feels ,smells, and tastes things that are not real.
In this thesis the writer is interested to analyze film A Beautiful Mind there many
aspects in film such as social and psychology. Where in this film the main character is
often see many people and in time he fell the reaction if that is real .Amy Villarejo
stated that film is structured like a language and it is telling stories.2It means that film
offers us of seeing and feeling and it is inspired product of creative team and might
well stimulate person fantasies. The writer interested in choosing film in this research
for some reasons:
Firs, because the writer want to find out what hallucinations were like by John
Nash, and whatever the perpetrators of John Nash could hallucinate so that he could
not distinguish between real things and things that were not real in nature, the film A
Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard
Second, this film also teaches us how to control the hallucinations because it
will make us come to danger situation in society. Third this movie A Beautiful Mind is
an Academy Award winning book and movie starring Russell Crowe, Ed Harris,
Jennifer Connelly, Christopher Plummer, and Paul Bettany. It's about the winning
mathematician of the Swedish Banking Prize in Economics in memory of Alfred
Nobel John Nash and his experience of schizophrenia. It can be seen in the pictures
and dialogues below:
2Amy Villarejo, Film Studies the Basic, (New York: Library of Congres, 2007), Third Edition, p. 12.
3
Picture23
John Nash: I don't like people much.4
This picture explains john Nash to see his college buddies who are talking
from the window, and he looks sad because he has no friends to share stories. These
picture, explains John Nash tells Charles that he does not like or discomfort if people
are too many, and he starts comfortable to share his story with Charles.
Picture 25
3Duration :00:07:33,649 --> 00:07:35,929 4Duration :00:07:33,649 --> 00:07:35,929 5Duration : 00:58:32,741-->00:58:32,963
4
This picture explains that John Nash looks frightened when he sees the person
who just came out of the car he thought the Russians were following him, he looked
from his class window with a feeling of panic he left the class.
Finally, based on the reasons above, the writer analyze this thesis entitle
“John Nash Hallucination in The Film A Beautiful Mind By Ron Howard”
B. Formulation of the Problem
Based on the background of the problems above, the writer makes the
formulations of the problem are arranged as follows:
1. What is John Nash’s hallucination portrayed in the film A Beautiful Mind by
Ron Howard?
2. What are the causes of John Nash’s hallucination in the film A Beautiful Mind
by Ron Howard?
3. How does John Nash control his hallucination in the film A Beautiful Mind by
Ron Howard?
C. Limitation of the Problem
Actually there are many aspects that the writer can analyze in the film, but in
this case the writer investigates the John Nash's Hallucination in the film A Beautiful
Mind Therefore, the data are chosen from the utterances uttered by John Nash main
character in his utterances.
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D. Purpose of the Research
Based on limitation of problem above, the purpose of this research is:
1. To know the John Nash’s hallucination portrayed in the film A Beautiful Mind
by Ron Howard?
2. To know the causes John Nash’s hallucination in the film A Beautiful Mind by
Ron Howard?
3. To know the ways John Nash in controls his hallucination in the film A
Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard?
E. Significance of the Research
In this study, the author wanted to know the hallucinations of John Nash,
among them, hear voice, see things, and fell things. The author takes data from the
transcript of A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard. The author hopes that this research
can be useful for people who are among people who are crucifying, both family and
friends. The authors want to know how to control the hallucinations John Nash did.
The author hopes that this research will make others not stay away from people who
are crucifying and will even embrace him to provide encouragement to be able to
recover back to normal as was done by John Nash's wife who convinced John Nash to
recover the norm like people in general.
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CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Hallucination Theory
Hallucination is a perception in the absence of external stimulus that has qualities
of real perception or that represent gross distortions of perceptual input. Hallucinations
are vivid, substantial, and are perceived to be located in external objective space. They
are distinguishable from several related phenomena, such as dreaming, which does not
involve wakefulness; pseudo hallucination, which does not mimic real perception, and
is accurately perceived as unreal; illusion, which involves distorted or misinterpreted
real perception; and imagery, which does not mimic real perception and is under
voluntary control.6 It means that a hallucination is about delusional perceptions in
which a correctly sensed and interpreted stimulus is given some additional and
typically absurd significance.
According Aleman hallucination can occur in any sensory modality visual in
human life, because they have the things that they can hear, see, smell, taste and feel.
Hallucination is known as a disturbance, and can occur in most of the senses above.7
These may be things like seeing movement in peripheral vision, or hearing faint noises
6Aleman, and Haan, “On redefining hallucination”, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry,
1998, p. 99 7Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p. 3
7
and or voices .The writer will use theory of hallucination by Aleman to find out John
Nash’s Hallucination portrayed in the film A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard.
a. Kinds of Hallucination
In understanding the people is hallucination. According Eleman there five
kinds of Hallucination it can be seen in the explanation below:8
a. Hear voices.
People may sense that the sounds are coming from inside or outside
their minds. They might hear the voices talking to each other or feel
like they are telling them to do something.
b. See things.
People might see insects crawling on their hand or on the face of
someone they know. Sometimes they look like flashes of light. A rare
type of seizure called occipital may cause they to see brightly colored
spots or shapes.
c. Smell things.
People may think the odor is coming from something around them, or
that it is coming from their own body.
d. Taste things.
People may feel that something they eat or drink has an odd taste.
Where the taste is different from what is felt by other people.
e. Feel things.
It might seem to people that they are being tickled even when no one
else is around, or they may have a sense that insects are crawling on or
8Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p. 3
8
under their skin. They might feel a blast of hot air on their face that is
not real.
b. The Causes of Hallucination
Causes people can hallucinate there are three namely, dreams, ideals and
diseases.9 Not only is that which allows the use of drugs also included into the
cause of hallucination.10 Causes hallucinations as follows:
a. Dreams
The person who is hailing will usually have a very ambitious dream to
achieve his dream, where Dream is something that becomes the great
ambition of our life, where everything, material, mental to physical, we
muster to achieve those dreams. If one of them, whether material,
mental or physical, does not exist, then it is impossible for the dream to
materialize. This can either encourage a person or impose a desire to
achieve something in the dream so that the person whose aspiration is
too ambitious causes the person to have a hallucination.
b. Ideals
The person who has a hallucination is usually the one who has a strong
desire to reach his goal, and ideals is a great desire in life to be able to
spend the life as what is expected by someone. With the ideals, then
9 Aleman, and Haan, “On redefining hallucination”, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry,
1998, p. 99 10
Gorman, L.M .,Sultan, D, and Luna Raines, M .Psychosocial Nursing Hand Book for the Nonpsychiatric Nurse. 1989.p.56
9
someone will continue to cultivate everything, so that ideals can be
achieved as a supporter of life needs. Usually these ideals are always
linked - relate to the material, because basically humans want to live
"adequate". "High enough" his money, "High enough" his position,
"High enough”, when one cannot control the ideals he wants, so as to
make a person depressed because what he aspires to achieve is not
achieved and this can make it be hallucination to be able reach what he
wants.
d. Diseases
The person who is usually a person who is exposed to the disease,
among others, the disease, migraine, Alzheimer and other forms of
dementia and epilepsy. This disease is one of the causal symptoms of a
person who has a hallucination, and this is sometimes not apparent with
the invisible eye.
d. Drugs
The phenomenon of hallucinations is an Abnormal Perception of the
individual in which he is conscious and awake but without the stimulus
of a real sensory receptor beyond himself. Hallucination, in other words
perception without a clear object. Hallucinations are usually found in
drug users and drug users. The use of cocaine, LSD, and various types
of amphetamine derivatives can also trigger hallucinations. Even in
cases of marijuana use (marijuana) can elicit visual hallucinations. The
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use of narcotics such as cocaine may lead to auditory hallucinations, as
well as in cases of hallucinations experienced by schizophrenic and
other psychotic disorders.
c. How to Control Hallucination
A hallucination is a false perception of objects or events and is sensory
in nature. When individuals with Alzheimer is have a hallucination, they see,
hear, smell, taste or even feel something that is not really there. 11
They may see insects crawling on their hand or hear people talking to
them and respond to those voices. In contrast, delusions defined as a false idea,
sometimes originating in a misinterpretation of a situation. For example, when
individuals living with dementia have a delusion, they may think that family
members are stealing from them or that the police are following them. This
kind of suspicious delusion is sometimes referred to as paranoia.12
a. See the doctor
When helping someone who is experiencing hallucinations or
delusions, the best way to start is by arranging a consultation with the
person’s doctor. The physician can look for physical causes, such as
kidney or bladder infections, dehydration, pain or alcohol or drug
abuse, all of which can cause hallucinations or delusions. It is also
11 Gorman, L.M .,Sultan, D, and Luna Raines, M .Psychosocial Nursing Hand Book for the
Nonpsychiatric Nurse. 1989.p.56 12
Iris.E.C.sommer, ”The Treatment of Hallucination in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.”Journal.Permissions 2012.p.706.
11
possible that treatments being prescribed for pain are the cause. If the
physician prescribes a medication, watch for and report any side effect
you notice, including over-sedation, increased confusion, tremors or
tics. While non-drug interventions are often effective, medications can
be helpful when the person is persistently upset by the symptoms and
non-drug approaches (described below) have already been tried. You
may also want to ask the doctor to evaluate the person to determine if
medication needs to be added or adjusted to reduce hallucinations or
delusions. If the person has a history of serious mental illness, such as
schizophrenia, the hallucinations and or delusions may be related to
that illness.
b. Non-medical Interventions.
Interventions that are not medical in nature are often the best ways to
help someone experiencing hallucinations or delusions. Assess the
situation and determine whether or not the symptom is a problem for
you or for the individual. Is the hallucination or delusion upsetting to
the person? Is it leading him or her to do something dangerous? Does
the sight of an unfamiliar face cause him or her to become frightened?
If so, react calmly and quickly with reassuring words and a comforting
touch.
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c. Respond with caution.
Be cautious when responding to the person is hallucinations and or
delusions. If they do not cause problems for you, the person or other
family members, it is typically best to ignore them. Avoid arguing with
the person about what he or she sees, hears or believes. Unless the
behavior becomes dangerous, you might not need to intervene.
d. Offer reassurance.
Reassure the person with kind words and a gentle touch. For example,
you might want to say, do not t worry. I am here. I will protect you. I
will take care of you, or I know you are worried. Would you like me to
hold your hand and walk with you for a while? Gentle patting may turn
the person is attention toward you and reduce the symptom. Also look
for reasons or feelings behind the hallucination or delusion and try to
find out what it means to the individual. For example, you might want
to respond with .It sounds as if you are worried or know this is
frightening for you.
e. Use distraction.
Suggest that the person comes with you on a walk or sits next to you in
another room. Frightening hallucinations and delusions often subside in
well it areas where other people are present. You might also try to turn
the person is attention to a favorite activity, such as listening to music,
drawing, looking at a photo album or counting coins.
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f. Respond honestly.
Keep in mind that the person may sometimes ask you about the
hallucination or delusion. For example, if he or she asks, do you see
him? You may want to answer with, I know that you see something,
but I do not see it. This way you are not denying what the person sees
or hears, but you avoid getting involved in an argument.
g. Assess the reality of the situation.
If the person is having a hallucination, ask the person to point to the
area where he or she sees or hears something. Glare from a window
may look like snow to the person, and dark squares on a tiled floor may
look like dangerous holes.
h. Modify the environment.
If the person looks at the kitchen curtains and sees a face, you may be
able to remove, change or close the curtains. Turn on more lights to
reduce shadows that could look frightening. If the person insists that he
or she sees a strange person in the mirror, it is possible that the person
does not recognize his or her own reflection. If the person has delusions
about people stealing from him or her, have some duplicates of those
items on hand so you can provide the person with a replacement if it
becomes lost.
B. Psychological Approach
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Here the writer uses psychological approach because the writer analyzed about
hallucination is expressed by the main charactering A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard.
Segment Freud’s work and theories helps shape our views of childhood, personality,
memory, sexuality, and therapy. Psychology is the scientific study of mind and
behavior.13 Psychology is the study of human and animal behavior with the object of
understanding why living beings behave as they do. It is a study of all human affairs,
mind, situation and condition also behavior and action deal with human daily activity.
Psychology’s most famous figure is also of the most influential and controversial
thinkers of the twentieth century. The character’s behavior in the story may indicate it
is psychology condition. “Bahwa di dalam fiksi psikologi yang mana dilukiskan, tidak
hanya sebuah peristiwa tetapi merupakan tingkah laku dan tindakan tanduk para
tokoh utama cerita.Dimana seorang tokoh mengapa begini, mengapa pendirianya
begitu, didasarkan pada latar belakang kejiwaanya”.14
According to Freud, id as important part of our personality human’s psychology
state is basically drive from people personality and thus people acts and reacts to what
has happened to them from their thoughts, emotions and behaviors, because everyone
in the world has different one and another. Freud provided convincing evidence,
through his many careful record case studies, that most of our actions are by
13 Steven Pinker, Introduction of Psychology. (Fall, major approach to psychology, Journal, 2001), p. 1 14 Dobie, Theory Into Practice-Psychological. USE California, 1990, p. 51
15
psychological force solver which we have very limit control. Generally psychology by
Freud by has three kinds or parts of psychology. There are id, ego and superego.15
“Teori kepribadian menurut Freud pada umumnya dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu: id atau Es,ego atau Ich and superego atau Umber Ich. Id adalah dorongan-dorongan primitive yang harus dipuaskan, salah satunya adalah libido. Id dengan demikian adalah subjektif primer, dunia batin sebelum individu mempunyai pengalaman tentang dunia luar. Ego bertugas untuk mengontrol Id. Sedangkan superego berisi kata hati.”16
From the writer above it can be concluded that delimitation about id, ego and
superego. Id is a component that contains the personality, where the system works
with the principles of fun “pleasure principle”. Ego is the personality who served as
executor, where the system work on the outside world to asses and deal with reality or
“secondary process” to work as mediator from id or to set the stimulus of id so does
not violate the values superego. Superego is the last system of personality then the
development of social contact or moral personality from the human because it is a
filter of good bad sensor, completely wrong cannot something be done by thrusting
ego.
Finally, id, ego and superego have the same work in reality in human life. Id was
born when we are still baby. Ego can grow when a person three years old, ego work to
15 Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157 16 Nyoman Kutha Ratna, Teori, Metode dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra,p. 62-63
16
be controller the instincts and superego like morality law in our self. Sigmund Freud
divides the using of psychoanalytic approach to literature into four object, they are:17
1. The Author
The theory is used to analyze the author and his or her life, and the literary work
is seen to supply evidence for this analysis. This is often call psychobiography.
2. The Character
The theory is used to analyze one or more of the character; the psychological
theory becomes a tool to explain the character’s behavior of motivation. The
more closely the theory seems to apply to the characters, the more realistic the
work appears.
3. The Audience
The theory is used to explain the appeal of the work for those who read it; the
work is seen to embody universal human psychological process and motivations,
to which the readers respond more or less unconsciously.
4. The Text
The theory is used to analyze the role of language and symbolism in the work .In
this research the writer chooses on the characters on the movie, this approach to
17 Sunaryono, The Analysis Of The Consequences Of Willy’s Frustration In His Life Toward Himself And The Plot As Depicted In Arther Militer’s Death Of Salesman drama: A psychoanalytic approach. (Jambi: Adab Faculty the State Institute for Islamic Students Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, 2013), p. 17
17
reveal the psychological dimension inside of the characters including their
behavior, psychology, social, environment, motivation, role and conflict.
C. Characteristic of Human
The characteristics of a person or thing are the qualities or features that belong
to them and make them recognizable, a quality or feature that is characteristic of
someone or something is one which is often seen in them and seems typical of them.
Characteristic, individual, peculiar, distinctive mean indicating a special quality or
identity. Characteristic applies to something that distinguishes or identifies a person
or thing or class. 18
Responded with her characteristic with individual stresses qualities that
distinguish one from all other members of the same kind or class, a highly individual
writing style peculiar applies to qualities possessed only by a particular individual or
class or uniqueness eccentricity that is peculiar to the British distinctive indicates
qualities distinguish and uncommon and often superior or praiseworthy.
D. Review of Related Research
There are researchers who have discussed about film A Beautiful Mind by Ron
Howard, they are:
18
Marriam Webster,2017,characteristichttps://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/characteristic.accesed march 15 ,2018 at 10:25 pm
18
Firstly, Irina Chalisa, the student of Study Program of English department of
Languages and Literatures Faculty Of Cultural Studies Universitas Brawijaya, in 2014
by thesis entitled “Teddy Daniels’ Hallucinations Portrayed In Martin Charles
Crosse’s Shutter Island this research discussed about Hallucination is the condition
when a person who experiences it sees, hears, feels, smells, and tastes things that are
not real. There are many things that cause hallucination. One of the causes is bad
experience. Shutter Island is a film that shows so many evidences of hallucination
experienced by the main character, Teddy Daniels. Teddy Daniels had bad experiences
in the past which lead him to change his identity in order to forget his past.
Psychological approach is used in the analysis, specifically Freudian Psychoanalysis
theory. Psychological approach can be used to analyze character in a work.
The main character and his hallucination matter to analyze. The analysis of the
movie is based on the script and some scenes in the movie, so the writer also put
several scenes from the film to help the writer to explain the argument .There are two
findings in this research, the first finding is the confirmation of Teddy Daniels’
hallucination. Teddy Daniels’ life in the past is the reason of his hallucination. Teddy
Daniels’ hallucination is confirmed by two methods, the first is from Teddy’s behavior
and attitude, and the second is from other character’s responses. Then, the second
finding is the type of Teddy’s hallucination. Teddy’s hallucination is considered as
19
multimodal hallucination, which means he experiences both visual and auditory
hallucinations. Keywords: Main character, Psychological, Hallucination19
Secondly, Ferri Dwi Agustina, student of English Language and Literature,
Study Program English Education Department Faculty of Languages and Arts
Yogyakarta State University in 2014,by thesis entitled “A Psycholinguistic Analysis
Of Schizophrenic Speech And Behavior Portrayed In The Main Character In Canvas
Movie this research discussed is This research has two objectives: (1) to describe the
language abnormalities experienced by a schizophrenic in Canvas movie; (2) to show
and explain the accompanying behaviors acted by a schizophrenic in Canvas movie.
This research employed a descriptive qualitative method. It is concerned with the
description of the data in the form of utterances produced by the schizophrenic, Mary,
in Canvas movie. However, numbers were also used to support the analysis of the
data. Some steps in analyzing the data were: identifying the raw data, classifying each
datum into the categorization, analyzing each datum, interpreting each datum based on
its theories, reporting the findings, and drawing the conclusion.
Finally, the data findings were triangulated by three linguistics students who
were keen on psycholinguistics. The findings of the research show that first, among
the eight types of schizophrenic language abnormalities, only five of them occur. They
are perseveration of ideas, non-logical reasoning (peculiar logic), looseness,
19 Iriana Chalis,” “Teddy Daniels’ Hallucinations Portrayed In Martin Charles Scorsese’s
Shutter Island,” Study Program of English department of Languages and Literatures Faculty Of Cultural Studies Universitas Brawijaya.,2014, p. v
20
weakening of goal, and poverty of speech. Meanwhile, the absent types are peculiar
use of word, peculiar sentence, and distractibility. Perseveration of ideas is the most-
often appearing phenomenon made by a schizophrenic who always repeats the same
word, phrase, and even sentence continuously. Besides, the other types have only
small occurrences since they are not common abnormalities mainly found. Second, the
deviant behaviors which are accompanied by a schizophrenic are also shown in the
movie. The other deviant behaviors i.e. aggression, painting, affective flattening, and
unnecessary use of water, have the most-often occurring phenomena in the
schizophrenic. Keywords: Psycholinguistics, Schizophrenia, Canvas, language,
behavior.20
Third, Gemma Ruth Gray the student of School of Psychology College of Life
Sciences The University of Birmingham in September 2009 by thesis entitled “The
Interaction Between Auditory Imagery Vividness And Auditory Perception, And Its
Application To Hallucination Proneness this research discussed about this thesis
determined some of the mediators of auditory imagery vividness and investigated how
vividness affects the interaction between imagery and perception (Chapter 2). In
addition, and firm study investigated the neural correlates of auditory imagery and
perception (Chapter 3). The final empirical chapters assessed the interaction between
auditory imagery vividness and hallucination proneness, and the influence of
20 Ferri Dwi Agustina,’’A Psycholinguistic Analysis Of Schizophrenic Speech And Behavior
Portrayed In The Main Character In Canvas Movie,” English Language and Literature, Study Program English Education Department Faculty of Languages and Arts Yogyakarta State University in 2014.p. xvi
21
hallucination proneness on the interaction between imagery and perception (Chapters
4, 5 and 6). Imagery vividness differs according to sound category and familiarity and
is affected by cues to imagine sounds. Imagery and perception can also interact to
influence the detection of sounds in noise, and are processed by partially overlapping
regions of the auditory cortex. Studies into hallucination proneness revealed little
differences between high and low hallucination proneness participants when detecting
sounds in noise.
When stimuli had an emotional connotation (i.e. auditory presented emotional
words) high and low hallucination prone participants differed only in their memory
recall rate, but not in their vividness ratings, or in their sound detection performance
for such words. Taken together, this thesis demonstrates that auditory imagery
vividness is a robust measure that is affected by a range of cognitive factors. Vividness
can influence detection of sounds in noise and has measurable effects on neural
activation. These studies provide evidence for the theory that imagery and perception
rely on overlapping areas of processing.
The thesis also finds little association between hallucination proneness and
auditory imagery vividness or sound detection performance. This suggests that factors
other than auditory imagery are associated with proneness to hallucination-like
experiences.21
21 Gemma Ruth Gray “The Interaction Between Auditory Imagery Vividness And Auditory
Perception, And Its Application To Hallucination Proneness”, School of Psychology College of Life Sciences The University of Birmingham in September 2009,p iii.
22
The difference of this analysis with the previous analysis is that the previous
analysis sees hallucinations only in certain respects, such as the analysis of Iriana
Chalisa looking at the rush experience, because of the bad experiences that greatly
affect the occurrence of hallucinations, the analysis of Ferri Dwi Agustina sees more
viewing of the more frequent Schizophrenia repeating the same sentence and behaving
strangely, Gamma Ruth Gray's analysis is more to discuss the cause of a very
influential schizophrenia that is hearing .This analysis will link everything in the
previous analysis of everything, hear voices, see things, smell things, taste things,
things.
23
CHAPTER III
METHOD OF RESEARCH
A. Design of Research
In writing this thesis, the writer use qualitative research and descriptive method
that is suitable with the aim of this research. Qualitative research may be in descriptive
form. The data were collected in the form of words as a descriptive explanation than a
number. The result of the research contained quotation from the data to illustrate and
substantive the presentation. Descriptive research is a research which aims to describe
a phenomenon accurately base on the characteristic of research.22 In this thesis, the
writer used qualitative research, where the data are analyze through interpreting, not
statistical analysis. Nyoman Kutha Ratna state:
“Metode kualitatif memberikan perhatian terhadap data alamiah, data dalam
hubungannya dengan konteks keberadaanya .Cara-cara inilah yang mendorong
metode kualitatif dianggap sebagai multi metode sebab penelitian pada
gilirannya melibatkan sejumlah besar gejala sosial yang relevan. Dalam
penelitian karya sastra, misalnya, akan dilibatkan pengarang, lingkungan social
dimana pengarang berada, termasuk unsur-unsur kebudayaan.”23
Based on the quotation above, the qualitative research can be used in this
research due to the qualitative method did not only in valves the intrinsic aspect in
literary work. But, it can be relating with the extrinsic aspect in the literary itself. So,
22John W. Creswell, Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design, (United States of America:
California 1997), p. 15. 23Nyoman Kutha Ratna, Teori, Metode dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra. Cet. Ke-III edisi
revisi,(Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2011), p. 47.
24
that is why, the qualitative method also can be said as multi method. Because, the
relating of the intrinsic aspect and extrinsic aspect in the literary itself. Descriptive is:
“Data yang dikumpulkan berupa kata-kata, gambar dan bukan angka-angka, hal itu
disebabkan oleh penerapan metode kualitatif.”24
According to Merriam in his book also stated that “Qualitative research is
planning a research project can be compared to planning for a variation trip”.25So,
qualitative method is analyzing about descriptive data and is it a process to do a
research such as writer or spoken, at the person who is observed in this research,
where qualitative method also analyzing about the data from outside which the data
still not right. Qualitative research method is the method that entirely on research
through libraries that rely on data that is almost entirely from the library.
In this theory, qualitative research in research procedures which produce
descriptive data as spoken words of the person or behavior being research. Descriptive
research can be explained as a statement of affairs as they are at present with the
researcher having no control over variable. Moreover, “descriptive studies may be
character as simply the attempt to determine, describe or identify what is, while
analytical research attempts to establish why it is that way or how it came to be”26 It
makes easy the research to get the right data. It means that qualitative method is
24HartinisYatim,MetodologiPenelitianPendidikandanSosialKualitatifdanKuantitatif, (Jakarta:
Bogor Pnerbit Ghalia Indonesia, 2009), p. 191. 25Sharan B. Merriam, Rualitative Research and Case Study Applications in Education, (New
York City,1998), p. 3. 26Ethridge, D.E. (2004) “Research Methodology in Applied Economics” John Wiley & Sons,
p.24
25
analyzing about descriptive data that are used documentation in this research, by using
this qualitative method, the writer felt easy to analyze the film.
Base on those statements, it can be concluded that qualitative research is
analyzing about descriptive data that is collected is in the form of the situation of the
natural object. Where descriptive data such as writer or spoken, by using qualitative
research the writer had rice answer about the question in analyzing the problem A
Beautiful Mind film by Ron Howard.
B. Sources of Data
This film research film taken from data A Beautiful Mind film, this film which
was directed by Ron Howard in 2001, with duration 02:08:49 minutes, the writer use
the script, dialogues, the character, mimic or expression, body language, and scene on
screen.
C. Technique of Data Collection
In an effort to get the data and fact, in this research the writer use qualitative
research, the techniques in qualitative research .The writer use documentation and
Sugiyono state that
“Dokumen merupakan catatan peristiwa yang sudah berlalu. Dokumen bisa berbentuk tulisan, gambar, atau karya-karya monumental dari seorang. Dokumen yang berbentuk tulisan misalnya catatan harian, sejarah kehidupan (life histories), ceritera, biografi, peraturan, kebijakan. Dokumen yang berbentuk gambar misalnya foto, gambar hidup, sketsa dan lain-lain. Dokumen yang berbentuk karya misalnya karya seni, yang dapat berupa gambar, patung,
26
film dan lain-lain. Studi dokumen merupakan pelengkap dari penggunaan metode observasi dan wawancara dalam penelitian kualitatif”.27
It means that in qualitative research, the writer use some documents that have
correlation or support the problem of the research, because this research is descriptive
that is why the writer described and analyze the data that has been found in A
Beautiful Mind film to answer of the problems that has been formulation in the
formulation of the problem.
The writer had some steps in collecting the data, in order to make this research
more specific. The stepson collecting data:
a. Watching the film
Collecting all data from the film that had been taking from script and other sources
which are closely related to the aim of the research and also watching repeatedly
and comprehensively for some senses, dialogues, and symbol that exist in the A
Beautiful Mind film and articles in the cyber data as many as possible which show a
form of problem.
b. Reading
Reading the script in the film repeatedly, after getting all important sources, the
writer read it to make sure that the data are correlating with the research.
27 Sugioyono,Metode Penelitian Kuatitatif Kualitatif ,2013,p. 240
27
c. Marking on the Words
Marking on the words or sentences and all the important statements and
information, as well as afterwards, making a note of data. After reading the sources
carefully, the writer marked any important statements to make the writer easier in
the analyzing process for the research.
d. Identifying and Classifying
After finding all the data completely, the writer processed the data to analyze them.
Finally, the writer made a good arrangement for the thesis itself as the last in
finalizing research.
D. Technique of Data Analysis
After collecting the data, the writers analyze the data. In qualitative research,
technique analysis data were used to answer the formulation of the problem in analysis
data, the writer use a technique of data analysis. The writer had several techniques
from the data analysis, in order to make this research more specific. According to
Susan Stainback, “Data analysis is critical to the qualitative research process. It is to
recognition, study, and understanding of interrelationship and concept in your data that
hypotheses and assertions can be developed and evaluated”. 28Nyoman Kutha Ratna
stated that “Sesuai dengan namanya analisisis terutama berhubungan dengan isi
komunikasi baik secara verbal maupun non verbal.29 In line with this statement, the
writer uses the method. According to Nyoman Kutha Ratna:
28Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R & D, p. 244. 29Nyoman Kutha Ratna, Teori, Metode dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra, p. 48.
28
“Isi dalam metode analisis terdiri dari atas dua macam, yaitu isi laten dan isi komunikasi. Isi laten adalahi si yang terkandung dalam dokumen dan naskah, sedangkan isi komunikasi adalah pesan yang terkandung sebagai komunikasi yang terjadi. Isi laten adalah isi sebagaimana dimasudkan oleh penulis, sedangkan isi komunikasi adalah sebagaimana terwujud dalam hubungan naskah dengan konsumen.”30
In this research, the writer used technique descriptive analysis because this
research is descriptive. It was way the writer describes; analyze the data that has been
found in the script A Beautiful Mind film to find the answer the formulation of the
problems that have been formulation.
The writer had some steps in analyzing the data, in order to make this research
more specific. The steps are:
a. Identifying
The writer identification the data and made assumptions or finds the politeness
strategies are used by Anne and some reasons she use it in A beautiful Mind
film.
b. Classifying the Data
The writer classification the text event teaching which has correlation with the
source and combined in A beautiful Mind film.
30Nyoman Kutha Ratna, Teori, Metode dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra, p. 50.
29
c. Analyzing, Describing, Explaining and the Data
The author analyzes, describes and explains data on How John Nash's image
hallucinations. What cause John Nash to hallucinations, how did John Nash
control his, hallucinations in A Beautiful Mind film.
d. Making the Conclusion
After all the data have been analyzes describe and explain in the research, the
writer made the conclusion of the research.
30
CHAPTER IV
FINDING AND ANALYSIS
In this chapter represents the finding and analysis of the data, analyzing
through the words of the text of a story, another principle of analyzing the character
are the actions of each characters to behave according to their character in the story in
this study the writer chose the theory of hallucination for this study discusses. Base on
the finding of the data, exposure data obtained, and base on the discussion in act
ordnance whit the theory: it can be concluded the following result:
A. John Nash’s Hallucination Portrayed in The Film A Beautiful Mind by Ron
Howard.
According to Eleman, there are five kind s of hallucination, kind of hallucination
is: Hear voices, see things, smell things, taste things and fell things.31 Based on the
writer analysis about hallucination of John Nash in the film A Beautiful Mind by Ron
Howard, there portrayed of John Nash’s hallucination portrayed t there are: hear voice,
see things, and fell things, such us:
a. Hear Voice
Hearing is one of the very important senses, but sometimes someone can hear
what is not heard by others, as experienced by John Nash in a beautiful mind film
by Ron Howard, it can be seen in the pictures and dialogues below:
31
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p. 3
31
Picture 332
Charles : You're not easily distracted, are you?
John Nash : I'm here to work.
Charles : Are you? Right. 33
The picture and dialog above explain where John Nash was talking to Charles,
whom he considered his roommate and John Nash could hear what Charles said to
him and he answered clearly, but what he heard was John Nash's own
hallucination and it is an unreal thing that John can hear and this is included in the
kinds of hallucination.34 This picture and dialogue is portrayed Jonh Nash’s
hallucination John Nash does this by means of a psychological approach that is by
using Id in the film A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard.35 Besides being able to
hear Charles' voice John Nash also listened to the voice of Marcee niece of
Charles, it can be seen from the picture below:
32Duration 00:06:46,597 --> 00:06:50,101 33Duration 00:06:46,597--> 00:06:52,983 34
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p. 3 35
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
32
Picture 436
Marcee : Uncle John!
John Nash : Hey, baby girl! 37
This picture shows the situation when John hearing the cry of a small child,
who called him, and he looked for the source of the sound around him, it turned out
that Marcee was the nephew of Charles Herman. The voice that John Nash heard was
the voice that came from John's hallucination and hearing was into kinds of
hallucination, which portrayed the hallucination of John Nash.38 John Nash did
something using the Id contained in the psychological approach.39But not only that,
Jhon can also hear the voices of Parcher, Charles and Marcee all at once which are
described in the following figure.
36Duration 01:02:51,236 --> 01:02:52,528 37Duration 01:02:53,070 --> 01:03:00,079 38
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p. 3 39
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
33
Picture 540
Marcee : Uncle John?
Parcher : Take care of her, you pathetic piece of shit,
or I'll take care of you.
Charles : John,please do what he says.
Parcher : Move, soldier.
Marcee : Uncle John?
Charles : John, please!
Parcher : Now!
John : Alicia and Charles never coexist in the same
interactive field. 41
The picture and dialogue above explain when John Nash wanted to protect
Alicia and her child from the threat of Pacher who ordered John to finish off Alicia
because according to Parcher, Alicia had a lot of knowledge about John's secret
work. Hear the voices coming from, Marcee, Parcher, and Charles. John felt that
the sounds he heard were real, but what John heard was an unreal sound and it was
40Duration 01:37:43,594 --> 01:37:45,304 41 Duration 01:37:43,594 --> 01:38:08,162
34
hallucination from him, and hearing was included in one kinds of
hallucination.42This was a portrayed of John Nash's hallucination, but at that time
John Nash began to doubt what he had to do to hurt Alicia or ignore what he
heard. This was included in the ego, which John Nash began to think about but
could not yet know the impact he would do.43
b. See Things
Seeing is something, a situation, an event or someone that we can know
that is not real or just an illusion, but feels real to people who have
hallucinations. As experienced by John Nash. John Nash often sees things that
are not real but he thinks they are really real things in nature. It can be seen in
the pictures and dialogues below:
Picture 644
John Nash : hmm
Carles : listen, If we can't break the ice how about we
drown it?45
42
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p. 3 43
Dobie, Theory Into Practice-Psychological. USE California, 1990, p. 51 44 Duration 00:07:08,161 --> 00:07:10,455 45 Duration 00:07:08,161--> 00:07:17,421
35
The picture and dialogue above explain that John was staring at Charles who spoke
to him, which Charles invited him to have a beer with, and John also received an
invitation from Charles, this was a picture of John's hallucination, in that picture John
felt that the Charles he saw was real people but actually Charles is only in John
hallucination, and this person is not used to being seen, including kind of
hallucination.46. What John Nash did was included in the Id, which John Nash only did
as he thought. 47John Nash could also see the code in the magazine as in the following
picture:
Picture 748
The picture above explains when John Nash began working to read the code in the
magazine, and he felt he had the ability to know the code in the magazine, when he
read the magazine he saw a light that seemed to give him instructions to read the code
in in the magazine, what John Nash saw was a picture of John's hallucination, and
seeing is part of kinds of hallucination. John Nash saw how to make sure it was real or
46
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p. 3 47
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
48Duration 00:45:08,156-->00:45:12,193
36
not included in the id, where the id was doing something in his think, no matter it was
real or not. 49John could also see a child like the following picture:
Picture 850
John Nash : Do I know you?
Marcee : My uncle says you're very smart but not very
nice.51
The picture and dialogue above explain when John Nash sat down, suddenly
John Nash saw a small child approaching him. John looked at the little boy and
asked him, it turned out that the little boy was Charles's nephew. Charles's nephew
was named Marcee, but Marcee who was seen by John Nash was not real, Marcee
was only seen as hallucination John Nash, see things is of kinds of hallucination.52
What John Nash did was included in the personality of id, which John Nash did as
he thought .53 John also saw Parcher when he was in his office. It can be seen in
the picture:
49
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
50Duration 00:49:24,183 --> 00:49:24,517 51Duration 00:49:24,183--> 00:49:29,312 52
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p. 3 53
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
37
Picture 954
John : Parcher!
Sol : John, you all right?55
The picture and dialogue above explain when John tried to stop Parcher ,but
Parcher ignored John's call, then Sol saw John calling someone but Sol did not see
anyone around the room, what John saw was John's hallucination and seeing including
into the kinds of hallucination.56 The picture above illustrates the hallucination of John
Nash in the film A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard. John Nash does that using id,
where he does what he thinks.57 John Nash also saw Charles and Marcee are featured
like the following picture:
54Duration 01:00:59,827 --> 01:01:01,954 55 Duration 01:00:59,827 --> 01:01:08,795 56
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p. 57
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
38
Picture 1058
John Nash : Call somebody! Call somebody!Charles
They're Russians!,Steady the leg. 59
The picture above explains that John Nash is asking Charles for help asking
others to let go of what he thinks are Russians, John saw Charles being among
many people but only John saw Charles, and Charles let him be taken by a group
of people he considered Russian, the picture above shows hallucination from John
who can see something that other people do not see.60John Nash's things included
in the Id.61John Nash can also see the picture below:
58Duration 01:05:59,396 --> 01:06:00,898 59 Duration 01:05:59,396 --> 01:06:03,024 60
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p.3 61
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
39
Picture 1162
John Nash :Chrles? The prodigal roommate revealed. Saw
my name on the lecture slate? You lying son of
a bitch!
Dr.Rosen : Who are you talking to? Tell me who you see.
John Nash : How do you say ,Charles Herman in Russian?
Dr.Rosen : There's no one there, John.There's no one
there.
John Nash : He's right there. He's right there.63
The picture and dialogue above explain when John Nash saw Charles in the same
room with him, but dr. Rosen didn't see anyone in the room except John Nash and
himself. John tried to convince dr Rosen, the note that Charles was there and was on
his list. John Nash's actions were included in the Id, where John Nash could not
control what he thinks.64 It can be seen from the pictures and conversations above
what John Nash saw was not real, because what he saw other people could not see,
62Duration 01:08:30,305 --> 01:08:31,680 63 Duration 01:08:30,305--> 01:09:03,505 64
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
40
and that was a picture of John Nash's hallucination.65 Hallucination John Nash could
see from the following picture:
Picture 1266
John Nash :Parcher!
Parcher : yes,sir
John Nash : You're not real!
Parcher : Of course I am. Don't be ridiculous. 67
The picture and dialogue above explain, when John Nash was taken by the
army brought by Parcher to surround John, John tried to fight Pacher and believed
himself that the Pacher he saw was not real, Parcher continued to make sure he
was real. But the parcher and army troops that John saw were not real and saw
were kinds of hallucination.68John Nash was thinking ego, where John Nash had
begun to convince what he saw was unreal. 69 The picture and dialogue above is an
illustration of the hallucination of John. Now, just say that John Nash hallucination
can be seen in the picture:
65
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p.3 66Duration01:31:47,558-->01:31:48,601 67Duration01:31:47,558-->01:31:58,444 68
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p.3 69
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
41
Picture 1370
Picture 1471
dr. Rosen: You see them now?
John Nash: yes. 72
The picture and dialogue above explain that John Nash was sitting with Alicia and
dr. Rosen. At that time John Nash saw Marcee who was playing and saw Charles who
was watching, but what John Nash saw was not seen by Alicia and Dr. Rosen.Marcee
and Charles are portrayed of John Nash's hallucination, what John Nash did was
70Duration 01:39:13,142 --> 01:39:13,145 71Duration 01:39:27,14 -->01:39:27,265 72Duration 01:39:20,027-->01:39:32,581
42
included into thinking ego.73See something that is not real or other people cannot see
including kinds of hallucination.74
c. Fell Things
Feel things can be felt when someone feels the presence of other people, insects
nearby, and he can touch like real, but that is actually not real. This is felt by John
Nash in the beautiful mind film by Ron Howard, it can be seen in the pictures and
dialogues below:
Picture 1575
John Nash : come here ,Charles76
73
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
74 Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p.3
75Duration 00:49:42,660 --> 00:49:44,703 76Duration 00:49:42,660 --> 00:49:44,703
43
Picture 1677
Marcee : Uncle John!
John Nash : Hey, baby girl!
Charles : Wow, someone needed a hug!78
From the picture and dialog above it can be explained, John Nash hugged Marcee
and Charles. John Nash can feel that hug, even though the hug from Marcee is not
real. This is one picture of John Nash's hallucination itself. He feels a real hug from a
friend but it isn't really real. Feeling is kinds of hallucination.79. The people who
hallucination include id who does what he wants without caring about other things.
80John Nash is also looking for implants that have been installed in his hand as in the
following picture:
77Duration 01:03:00,746 --> 01:03:02,707 78Duration 01:02:53,070 --> 01:03:02,707 79
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p.3 80
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
44
Picture 1781
Dr. Rosen : John!
John Nash : The implant is gone, I can't find it. 82
The picture and dialogue above explain John Nash, who was trying to find an
implant that had been put in his hand, but he did not find it, dr. Rosen tried to prevent
John but John continued to hurt himself. This picture explained what John Nash felt
was not real and it's just the hallucination itself.83 John Nash's actions were included in
the Id, which he did not think about his father injuring his own hand.84John can also
feel kissing the forehead and stroking Marcee's head like the following picture:
Picture 1885
81 Duration 01:17:51,186-->01:17:52,437
82 Duration 01:17:47,557-->01:17:55,857 83
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p.3 84
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
85 Duration 01:52:19,263-->01:52:19,310
45
Picture 1986
The picture above where John Nash kissed his forehead and stroked Mercee's
head, and John felt that it was really real but in reality it was not real, in the picture it
can be explained that John Nash can feel things that are not real and that includes into
the kinds of hallucination.87What John Nash did include personal Id .88 The picture
above is an overview of John Nash in a beautiful mind movie by Ron Howard.
B. The Causes of John Nash's Hallucination in The Film A Beautiful Mind by
Ron Howard.
According to Haan and Aleman said that the causes of hallucinations are several
factors, including the following: Dreams, ideals, diseases, and drugs. These are the
parts that influence a person to hallucinate. 89
Based on the cause of hallucination experienced by John Nash in the film A
Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard, there are three causes of hallucinations is dreams,
86 Duration 01:52:27,731 -->01:52:27,756 87
Aleman, HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy, 2007,p.3 88
Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
89 Aleman, and Haan, “On redefining hallucination”, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry,
1998, p. 99
46
ideals and diseases. These kinds of dissidents John Nash hallucinated in a beautiful
mind film by Ron Howard .Such us:
a. Dreams
The person who is hailing will usually have a very ambitious dream to achieve
his dream, where Dream is something that becomes the great ambition of our life,
where everything, material, mental to physical, we muster to achieve those dreams.
If one of them, whether material, mental or physical, does not exist, then it is
impossible for the dream to materialize. This can either encourage a person or
impose a desire to achieve something in the dream so that the person whose
aspiration is too ambitious causes the person to have a hallucination. It can be seen
in the pictures and dialogues below:
Picture 2090
Charles : Mathematics is never going to lead you to a higher
truth. And you know why? Because it's boring. It's
really boring.
90Duration 00:08:22,655 --> 00:08:25,741
47
John Nash : You know, half these schoolboysare already
published?I cannot waste time with these classes
and.these books Memorizing the weaker
assumptions of lesser mortals!I need to look
through.to the governing dynamics.91
The picture and dialogue above explain that John Nash was thinking about
being able to do something more than his friends, and he wanted the things he did
to reach the government to prove to people that he was better than others, images
and The dialogue above is a form of John's dream to achieve what he dreamed of,
and dreams are included in the cause of people hallucination.92
b. Ideals
The person who has a hallucination is usually the one who has a strong desire
to reach his goal, and ideals is a great desire in life to be able to spend the life as
what is expected by someone. With the ideals, then someone will continue to
cultivate everything, so that ideals can be achieved as a supporter of life needs.
Usually these ideals are always linked - relate to the material, because basically
humans want to live "adequate". "High enough" his money, "High enough" his
position, "High enough”, when one cannot control the ideals he wants, so as to
make a person depressed because what he aspires to achieve is not achieved and
91
Duration 00:08:13,394 -->00:08:43,842 92
Aleman, and Haan, “On redefining hallucination”, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1998, p. 99
48
this can make it be hallucination to be able reach what he wants. It can be seen in
the pictures and dialogues below:
Picture 2193
John Nash : You know Hansen has just published another
paper? I can't even find a topic for my
doctorate.
Charles : Well, on the bright side,you've invented window
art. 94
The picture and dialogue above explained that John Nash felt disappointed that
he had not been able to get his Doctorate degree while his friend Hansen had been able
to publish a new manuscript, and this was one of John Nash's experiencing
hallucination because he had not been able to achieve his goal of getting a doctorate,
and aspiration. We are one of the causes of people experiencing hallucination.95. John
Nash's personality at that time belonged to the personality of the id.96
93Duration 00:11:33,601-->00:11:36,313 94Duration 00:11:33,601 --> 00:11:43,653 95
Aleman, and Haan, “On redefining hallucination”, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1998, p. 99
96 Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New
York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157
49
c. Diseases
The person who is usually a person who is exposed to the disease, among others,
the disease, migraine, Alzheimer and other forms of dementia and epilepsy. This
disease is one of the causal symptoms of a person who has a hallucination, and this is
sometimes not apparent with the invisible eye. It can be seen in the pictures and
dialogues below:
Picture 2297
Picture 2398
97Duration 01:19:52,210-->01:19:52,415 98 Duration 01:19:54,245-->01:19:54,351
50
Picture 2499
Alicia : How often?
Dr. Rosen : Five times a week for 10 weeks. 100
The picture and dialogue above explain that John Nash experienced seizures
that often occur to him as said by dr. Rosen in Alicia in the dialogue. Seizures or
epilepsy in medical science are included in the symptoms of people to get
hallucination. The disease that John Nash experienced in the film often happened
so that John Nash experienced hallucination.101
C. John Nash ways in Controlling his Hallucination in The Film A Beautiful Mind
by Ron Howard.
According to experts there are several ways to control hallucinations; Gorman
and Iris say people who hallucination can be controlled by: See the doctor, non-
medical interventions, response with caution, offer reassurance, use distraction,
99Duration 01:20:06,237-->01:20:06,531 100Duration 01:20:08,702--> 01:20:14,792 101
Aleman, and Haan, “On redefining hallucination”, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1998, p. 99
51
respond honestly, assess the reality of situation, and modify the environment.102 Based
on the statements of Gorman and Iris above, the author uses three ways to control John
Nash's hallucination in the film A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard: see the doctor, non-
medical interventions, and use distraction.
a. Seeing the Doctor
People who hallucinate should be taken to the doctor first, so that they know
what they are experiencing so that it makes them a little calmer. Treatment from
the doctor may be a little more helpful for patients not to think about something
that disturbs their thoughts. Use how high the dose to be given depends on the
hallucination experienced by the person with the hallucination. It can be seen in
the pictures and dialogues below:
Picture 25103
John Nash: Where am I?
Dr. Rosen : MacArthur Psychiatric Hospital. 104
102
Iris.E.C.sommer, ”The Treatment of Hallucination in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.”Journal.Permissions 2012.p.706.
103Duration 01:07:29,867--> 01:07:31,452 104Duration 01:07:29,867--> 01:07:35,373
52
The picture and dialogue above explain when John Nash was brought to a mental
hospital to check what John Nash experienced. At that time John Nash was examined
by dr. Rosen to examine the genius of John Nash and it was dr. Rosen knew that John
Nash had hallucination, seeing a doctor is a way to control hallucination.105 dr. Rosen
also explained to Alicia the wife of John Nash what John Nash was doing like the
following picture:
Picture 26106
Dr. Rosen: People with this disorder are often paranoid.
Alicia : But his work, He deals with conspiracy.
Dr. Rosen: Yes, I know.107
The picture and dialogue above Dr. Rosen explained to Alicia that John Nash
had hallucination or experienced a disease called skizefronia. Aclicia did not
believe but heard the explanation from Dr. Rosene, Alicia began to believe that
her husband had hallucinations he asked Dr. Rosen for help. Help him heal her
husband from the sufferer suffered by John Nash in order to get back to normal
105
Iris.E.C.sommer, ”The Treatment of Hallucination in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.”Journal.Permissions 2012.p.706.
106Duration 01:09:35,368 --> 01:09:38,081 107 Duration 01:09:35,368--> 01:09:49,135
53
as a person in general. Going to the doctor was one way to control hallucination
from John Nash.108
b. Using Non-Medical Interventions
Non-medical interventions are often the best treatment to help people with
schizophrenia or hallucinations. This treatment can be done by people closest to
what Alicia did to John Nash in the film A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard. It can
be seen in the pictures and dialogues below:
Picture 27109
Picture 28110
108
Iris.E.C.sommer, ”The Treatment of Hallucination in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.”Journal.Permissions 2012.p.706.
109Duration 01:44:36,625 -->01:44:36,755 110Duration 01:44:57,609-->01:44:36,783
54
Alicia : This is real, Maybe the part. that knows the waking
from the dream.maybe it isn't here, I need to believe.
that something extraordinary is possible.111
The picture and dialogue above when Alicia encouraged John Nash and gave
John an insight into what was real and unreal, and he convinced John that John
was able to get through what he experienced. And he would try to help John to
control the hallucination he had and this is included in how to control Non-medical
interventions.112
c. Using Distraction
Control people who hallucination in a dis interaction manner is by suggesting
that the person performs daily activities or advises someone to do what he likes to
make him feel calmer and feel a little comforted by the activities he does, as John
Nash did at the following picture:
Picture 29113
John : My wife,she loves mayonnaise.
111 Duration 01:44:37,615 -->01:45:07,437 112
Iris.E.C.sommer, ”The Treatment of Hallucination in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.”Journal.Permissions 2012.p.706.
113Duration 01:57:35,926 -->01:57:37,302
55
Toby Kelly: Thank you.
John : Go on.
Toby Kelly: The factor. is in the two categories.114
The picture and the log above, when John Nash was in the library, there was
one of the boys who approached him named Toby. John Nash and Toby talked
about the food made by Alicia, the wife of John Nash, Toby also asked for the
opinion of the ruminant theories he had found. What John is doing is one to be
able to make John return to normal as people in general, and this is included in
how to control hallucination with use distraction.115 John Nash's personality at that
time began to think about what was good for him or not and it belonged to the
super ego personality.116John also began to discuss as in the following picture:
Picture 30117
John : leaves the tire of B. and flies to the tire of bicycle A, and
backwards and forwards until the two bikes collide. and
114 Duration 01:57:24,622-->01:57:40,222 115
Iris.E.C.sommer, ”The Treatment of Hallucination in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.”Journal.Permissions 2012.p.706.
116 Wilfrend Elguerin et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New
York: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 156-157 117 Duration 01:58:00,451 -->01:58:29,107
56
the poor little fly is squashed. This is the important thing
about actually focusing in and comprehending. the area
you're dealing with. Mathematics is very specific. and it
is an art form, no matter what people here will tell you.
especially people from biology. Don't listen to those
people.me go back to what you were doing. might want
to steal this. write a book and get famous.118
The picture and dialogue above John Nash is explaining or can also be said
to be discussing with several people in the library about mathematics. There he can
discuss with others around him and this can make him forget about what he is
experiencing, what John Nash did was very helpful in his own control of
hallucination. John Nash controlled his hallucination by using distraction.119
118 Duration 01:58:00,451 -->01:58:29,107 119
Iris.E.C.sommer, ”The Treatment of Hallucination in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.”Journal.Permissions 2012.p.706.
57
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. CONCLUSION
After analyzing John Nash's hallucination in a beautiful mind by Ron
Howard, John Nash could see hallucination, what caused John Nash to exclude,
and how John Nash controlled the hallucination. The writer makes conclude,
that:
John Nash's hallucination is listening, seeing, and feeling. John often
sees, hears, and feels things that are not real, but John Nash thinks that what he
experienced was truly real, like John Nash. Get see Charles, Marcee, and Parcher
that are not seen by others.
The cause of John Nash's hallucination because of dreams, ideals and
illnesses experienced by John Nash, like John Nash was eager to launch his work
but he could not do that yet.
Controlling hallucination is one way to get John Nash back to normal
like everyone else, John Nash controls Hallucination by the way, See the doctor,
non-medical interventions and use distraction. , non-medical interventions by
John Nash he got support and helped him to be able to know the real and the
unreal things of his wife.
58
In conclusion for me found John Nash‘s Hallucination portrayed in the film a
beautiful mind are, 3 of Hearing voice ,8 of see things ,and 3 of feel things. Found
cases of John Nash’s hallucination are 1 of dreams, 1 of ideals, and 2 of diseases.
Found John Nash‘s controlling hallucination are, 2 of seeing the doctor, 1 using Non
–medical interventions, and 1 using distraction.
B. Suggestion
After conclusions, the writer would like to give some suggestion the
having a meaning for all lecturer and students especially in English Literature
Department and also general reader. The writer realizes that is research is far
from being perfect because of the limitations of the research’s knowledge.
For student of English Literature Department of Islamic State
University STS Jambi may used A Beautiful Mind by Ron Howard as
reference for giving information how to control hallucination and influence
them to more attractive in treasure.
For other research, this also can be used as references by other
University students who are interested in literary study on A Beautiful Mind
59
based on psychological approach. They can A Beautiful Mind as an object on
analysis.
For the film lovers who like the genre romance to watch A Beautiful
Mind movie, because this film tells a lot about real love, giving lesson about
loyalty and lessons for people who are in love.
REFERENCES
Books Agustina, F. D. 2014. “A Psycholinguistic Analysis of Schizophrenic Speech and
Behaviour Portrayed In The Main 5. Character In Canvas Movie,” English Language and Literature, Study Program English Education Department Faculty of Languages and Arts Yogyakarta State University.
Chalis, I. 2014. “Teddy Daniels’ Hallucinations Portrayed in Martin Charles
Scorsese’s Shutter Island,” Study Program of English department of Languages and Literatures Faculty of Cultural Studies Universitas Brawijaya
Creswell John W.1997, Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design, United States of America: California.
Dobie, 1990.Theory Into Practice-Psychological. USE California,
Elguerin Wilfrend 2005. et al. Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature fifth edition. New York: Oxford University Press.
Ethridge, D.E. 2004. “Research Methodology in Applied Economics” John Wiley & Sons.
Gray Gemma Ruth September 2009,“The Interaction Between Auditory Imagery Vividness And Auditory Perception, And Its Application To Hallucination Proneness”, School of PsychologyCollege of Life Sciences The University of Birmingham.
Merriam Sharan B, 1998.Rualitative Research and Case Study Applications in
Education, New York City. Luna Raines and Gorman, L.M ,Sultan, D, , M . 1989.Psychosocial Nursing Hand
Book for the Nonpsychiatric Nurse. Ratna Nyoman Kutha, 2011.Teori, Metode dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra. Cet. Ke-
III edisi revisi,Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Sugioyono,2013.Metode Penelitian Kuatitatif Kualitatif.
Sunaryono, 2013.The Analysis Of The Consequences Of Willy’s Frustration In His Life Toward Himself And The Plot As Depicted In Arther Militer’s Death Of Salesman drama: A psychoanalytic approach. (Jambi: Adab Faculty The State Institute For Islamic Students Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi,
Villarejo, Amy. 2007.Film Studies the Basic, New York: Library of Congres, , Third Edition.
YatimHartinis,2009.MetodologiPenelitianPendidikandanSosialKualitatifdanKuantitatif, Jakarta: Bogor Pnerbit Ghalia Indonesia.
Journal
Aleman, and Haan, 1998. “On Redefining Hallucination”, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry,
Aleman, 2007. HallucinatiesbijSchizofrenie”,Journal Psycholoogy.
Pinker Steven, 2001.Introduction of Psychology. Fall, major approach to psychology, Journal.
SommerIris.E.C.2012,”The Treatment of Hallucination in Schizophernia Spectrum Disorde rs.”journal.permissions.
Website
Marriam Webster,2017,characteristic https://www.merriamwebster.com/thesaurus/characteristic.
APPENDIX I
A. John Nash’s Hallucination Portrayed in The Film A Beautiful Mind by Ron
Howard.
No Dialogue/scene
Description Duration
1 2
Charles: You're not easily distracted,
are you?
John Nash: I'm here to work.
Charles: Are you? Right.
Marcee : Uncle John!
John Nash : Hey, baby girl!
John Nash's
hallucination could
hear Charles' voice
which was
considered real, but
the voice was
actually not real.
John Nash could
hear Marcee's voice
and that was John
Nash's own
00:06:46,597->00:06:52,983 01:02:53,070->01:03:00,079
3 4
Marcee: Uncle John?
Parcher: Take care of her, you
pathetic piece of shit, or
I'll take care of you.
Charles: John,please do what he
says.
Parcher: Move, soldier.
Marcee: Uncle John?
Charles: John, please!
Parcher: Now!
John : Alicia and Charles never coexist in the same interactive field
John Nash : hmm
hallucination
John Nash heard
voices from
Marcee, Charles
and Parcher derived
from John Nash's
hallucination.
when John Nash
saw Charles talking
to him and this was
seen as
01:37:43,594->01:38:08,162
00:07:08,163-> 00:07:17,421
5 6 7
Charles : listen, If we can't break the ice how about we drown it
hallucination
Hallucination John
Nash saw someone
he didn't know from
a distance
Hallucination John
Nash can see
something like
seeing sophisticated
technological tools
in front of him.
John Nash
Hallucination that
can see the light
coming from
separate magazines
00:28:07,906->00:28:07,190
00:34:47,150-->00:34:47,256
00:45:08,156->00:45:12,193 00:49:24,183-->00:49:29,312
8 9 10
John : Do I know you?
Marcee : My uncle says you're very smart but not very nice
John : Parcher!
Hallucination John
Nash who could see
Marcee, Charles's
nephew whom John
Nash had
roommate, but
Charles and his
niece were John
Nash's hallucination
Hallucination John
Nash could see
Paecher in the car
watching him
Hallucination John
Nash could see
Parcher leaving
him, who at that
00:54:42,135-->00:54:42,162 01:00:59,827-->01:01:08,795 01:05:59,396 -
11 12
Sol : John, you all right
John Nash : Call somebody! Call somebody!Charles They're Russians!,Steady the leg.
John Nash:Chrles? The prodigal
roommate revealed. Saw
my name on the lecture
slate? You lying son of a
time saw soles as if
he were looking for
someone but Sol
didn't see anyone
Hallucination John
Nash saw Charles
and Marcee in the
crowd, and John
asked for help to
help him
John Nash, who
could see Charles in
the room. that, was
the hallucination of
John Nash, seeing
something unreal.
>01:06:03,024 01:08:30,305-->01:09:03,505
13 14
bitch!
dr.Rosen: Who are you talking to?
Tell me who you see.
John Nash: How do you say ,Charles
Herman in Russian?
dr.Rosen: There's no one there,
John.There's no one
there.
John Nash: He's right there. He's right there
John Nash :Parcher!
Parcher : yes,sir
John Nash : You're not real!
Parcher : Of course I am. Don't be ridiculous
dr. Rosen: Yousee them now?
John Nash saw a lot
of soldiers from
Parcher, and that
was the viewing
hallucination that
John Nash
experienced
When John Nash
saw Charles and
Marcee, what John
Nash saw was John
01:31:47,558-->01:31:58,444 01:39:20,027-->01:39:32,581
15 16
John Nash: yes.
Marcee : Uncle John!
John Nash : Hey, baby girl!
Charles : Wow, someone needed a hug
dr. Rosen : John!
John Nash : The implant is gone, I can't find it.
Nash's hallucination
that could see
something unreal.
John Nash's
Hallucination that
can make hugs from
Charles and Marcee
John Nash felt an
implant on his arm,
and it was the
hallucination that
John Nash
experienced
01:02:53,070 -> 01:03:02,707 01:17:47,557-->01:17:55,857 01:52:27,731 ->01:52:27,756
17
John Nash stroked
Marcee's hair which
was actually unreal,
but John Nash felt
like it was real that
it was John Nash's
hallucination that
could feel
something unreal
B. The Causes of John Nash's Hallucination in The Film A Beautiful Mind by
Ron Howard.
No Dialogue/Scene
Description Duration
18
Charles : Mathematics is never going
to lead you to a higher truth.
And you know why?
The dream of John Nash
who wanted to issue a
formula to the
government so that it
caused John Nash’s
00:08:13,394 ->00:08:43,842
19 20
Because it's boring. It's
really boring.
John Nash: You know, half these school boysare already published?I cannot waste time with these classes and.these books Memorizing the weaker assumptions of lesser mortals!I need to look through.to the governing dynamics
John Nash: You know Hansen has just
published another paper? I
can't even find a topic for
my doctorate.
Charles : Well, on the bright side,you've invented window art.
hallucintaion
John Nash wants his
work to be published but
his desire cannot be
realized, causing John
Nash’s hallucination.
John Nash's disease
00:11:33,601 -->00:11:43,653 01:20:08,702--> 01:20:14,792
Alicia : How often?
Dr. Rosen : Five times a week for 10 weeks.
naturally caused John
Nash to hallucination.
C. John Nash Ways in Controlling his Hallucination in The Film A Beautiful
Mind by Ron Howard.
No Dialogue/Scene
Description Duration
21 22
John Nash: Where am I?
Dr. Rosen : MacArthur Psychiatric Hospital
The way to John
Nash Control the
hallucination to see
the doctor to
identify the disease
that is guaranteed
Contouring John
Nash's hallucination
01:07:29,867-->01:07:35,373 01:09:35,368-->01:09:49,135
23 24
Dr. Rosen: People with this disorder
are often paranoid.
Alicia : But his work, He deals
with conspiracy.
Dr. Rosen: Yes, I know
Alicia : This is real, Maybe the part.that knows the waking from the dream.maybe it isn't here, I need to believe. that something extraordinary is possible
John : My wife,she loves mayonnaise.
Toby Kelly: Thank you.
John : Go on.
Toby Kelly: The factor. is in the two categories.
by following the
treatment suggested
by Dr. Ronny
John Nash
controlled
hallucination by
means of non-
medical
interventions
supported by Alicia.
John Nash controls
hallucination by
doing activities that
he likes or call use
distraction.
01:44:37,615 ->01:45:07,437 01:57:24,622-->01:57:40,222
25
John : leaves the tire of B. and flies to the tire of bicycle A, and backwards and forwards until the two bikes collide. and the poor little fly is squashed. This is the important thing about actually focusing in and comprehending. the area you're dealing with. Mathematics is very specific. and it is an art form, no matter what people here will tell you. especially people from biology. Don't listen to those people.me go back to what you were doing. might want to steal this. write a book and get famous
John Nash controls
hallucination by
using distraction or
doing something he
likes like teaching.
01:58:00,451 ->01:58:29,107
APPENDIX II
Synopsis of A Beautiful Mind
The film tells the story of the struggle of a John Nash who had schizophrenia
which made him live in hallucination and was always shadowed by fear until he had
to fight hard to recover and won the Nobel prize in 1994.
John Nash is a person who is aloof, shy, inferior, and introverted. Nash said
that he didn't really like to connect with other people and he didn't think anyone liked.
In addition, he is also a person who is arrogant and proud of his intelligence. This was
compiled by canceling the lecture which he thought was only spent time and made
the brain dull. Instead, Nash spent more time outside the classroom to get an idea to
get a prestigious doctorate and research, Wheeler Defense Lab at MIT.
In addition, Nash had a roommate named Charles Herman, who had a niece
named Marcee. According to Nash, his roommate really understood him. Nash likes
to write formulas in the window of his room and library which he accidentally finds a
new concept. Nash's life began to change when he was asked by the Pentagon to
crack the secret code sent by the Soviet army. There, he met secret agent William
Parcher. From this secret agent, he was given a job as a spy. This new job makes
Nash obsessed until he forgets time and life in his own world.
John Nash began to fall in love with a girl named Alicia. After John Nash got
married, John Nash got worse. He was increasingly scared and looked strange.
Finally, Alicia began to suspect the condition of her husband. Larde began to find out
about Nash's roommate she had told. When Alicia found out, it turned out that the
friend Nash had told her was not there and it turned out, Nash was only alone in the
dormitory. Nash grew increasingly frightened because he felt followed by a secret
agent. That's where Alicia brought John Nash to a mental hospital for treatment, and
in the end John Nash was able to recover normally thanks to the doctor who cared for
him, Alicia who always gave support to me, and the environment that made him
comfortable doing activities that he liked.1
1 http://indahnovii.blogspot.com/2012/05/sinopsis-beautiful-mind.html.accesed June 02,2018
at 09:31 pm
CURRICULUM VITAE
DAHLIA
ENGLISH LITERATURE DEPARTMENT ADAB AND HUMANITIES FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SULTHAN THAHA SAIFUDDIN JAMBI-INDONESIA
PERSONAL PROFILE
Full Name
Place & Date of Birth
Address
Phone Number
Dahlia
Pelabuhan dagang 15nd March 1995
Mendalo, Kota Jambi.
0853 6914 0092
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
2002-2007
2007-2011
2011-2014
Elementary School SDN 1 TUNGKAL ULU
Junior High School SMP 1 TUNGKAL ULU
Senior High School SMAN 1, TUNGKAL ULU