Post on 07-Jul-2018
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Year Developments in Jazz Historical Events
1900
• A cutting contest (a colloquial term for music competition) for
ragtime pianists is held at New Yor!s "amman# Hall$
• Hawaii %ecomes official &$'$ territor#$
• irst electric %us runs in New Yor it#
1901
• harles *ooth!s performance of J$ *odewalt +ange!s Creole
Blues is recorded for the new ,ictor la%el$ "his is the firstacoustic recording of ragtime to %e made commerciall#availa%le$
• "he American ederation of -usicians (the musicians union)
votes to suppress ragtime$
• +ouis Armstrong is %orn$
• &$'$ .resident /illiam -c0inle# is
assassinated$
• .ainter .a%lo .icasso!s first e1hi%it is h
.aris$
• "heodore 2oosevelt %ecomes president$
1902
• "he John .hilip 'ousa *and records the ragtime piece3
Trombone Sneeze3 written %# Arthur .r#or$
• +incoln .ar is opened in New 4rleans as a center for ragtime
and earl# 5azz performances$
• 'cott Joplin pu%lishes The Entertainer: a Ragtime Two-Step3
which would %ecome a popular hit nearl# 67 #ears later$
• .ianist Jell# 2oll -orton claims to have invented 5azz in this
#ear$
• "he Electric "heatre3 the first movie th
in the &nited 'tates3 opens in +os Angealifornia$
• u%a gains independence from the &nit
'tates$
1903
• .ianist and composer Eu%ie *lae pu%lishes his first piano
rags$
• "he /right %rothers mae their first
successful flight$
1904
• ornetist *udd# *olden %egins to develop a reputation in New
4rleans for pla#ing music that fuses elements of %lues and
ragtime$
• "enor sa1ophonist oleman Hawins is %orn$
• "he third -odern 4l#mpic 8ames ope
't$ +ouis3 -issouri as part of the /orld
air$
• "he ice cream cone is created$
• "he first underground line of the New
it# 'u%wa# opens$
• "he first New Year!s Eve cele%ration is
in New Yor it#!s "imes 'quare$
1905
• A %lac newspaper in 9ndianapolis releases a statement inreaction to racist songs popular during this period: ;omposers
• 'cientist Al%ert Einstein presents his sp
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should not set music to a set of words that are a direct insult tothe colored race$;
theor# of relativit#$
• .izza is introduced at +om%ardi!s in Ne
Yor$
1906
• Jell# 2oll -orton composes King Porter Stomp$ •
1907
• ornetist *udd# *olden is committed to a mental institution
without having ever recorded an# music$
• 'cott Joplin moves to New Yor$
• "he first wireless %roadcast of classical
music is produced in New Yor$
1908
• Alcohol is %anned in North arolina an
8eorgia$
1909
• "he &$'$ -arine %and records Joplin!s Maple Leaf Rag $
• "he popularit# of ragtime continues to grow among *lacs and
white resulting in increased pu%lic interaction %etween theraces$
• Alcohol is %anned in "ennessee$
• 2o%ert .ear# reaches the North .ole$
• /illiam Howard "aft %ecomes presiden
Year
Developments in Jazz Historical Events
1910
• omposer and conductor James 2eese Europe founds the lef
lu%3 an association for *lac musicians %ased in New Yor$
• "he NAA. is founded$
• -ar "wain dies$
• -arie urie isolates radium$
1911
• .ianist 'cott Joplin pu%lishes his opera "reemonisha$
• 9rving *erlin records Ale1ander!s 2agtime *and3 which
%ecomes a hit %ut is scorned %# ragtime purists$
• 2aold Amundsen reaches the 'outh .ol
• ivil /ar occurs in -e1ico$
1912
• "he "itanic sins$
1913
• "he word ;5azz; first appears in print$ •
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• James 2eese Europe records ragtime arrangements in New
Yor with the first %lac ensem%le to %e recorded$
• ,ernon and 9rene astle3 a married dance team3 %egins
performing floor shows at James Europe!s shows$
maing it the largest %uilding in the wo
• /oodrow /ilson %ecomes .resident$
1914
• .ianist /$$ Hand# writes 't$ +ouis *lues$ • /orld /ar 9 %egins in Europe$
• "he .anama anal opens to commercia
traffic$
1915
• "rumpeter 0ing 4liver forms a %and in New 4rleans with
clarinetist 'idne# *echet$
• 'cott Joplin stages "reemonisha himself and the show fails$
• ,ocalist *illie Holida# is %orn$
• Al%ert Einstein presents his general the
relativit#$
• "he 8reat -igration %egins> over the n
#ears < million *lacs will leave the 'ofor northern cities3 the mid=west andalifornia3 carr#ing their musical influewith them$
1916
• 2evolution occurs in 2ussia$
1917
• 'cott Joplin dies$
• "he classic era of ragtime ends$
• "he 4riginal Di1ieland Jass *and (an all white group) maes
the first 5azz recording3 +iver# 'ta%le *lues3 and also %ecomesthe first 5azz group to appear on film in the movie3 "he 8oodfor Nothing$
• "he &$'$ Nav# closes New 4rleans!s 'tor#ville red=light
district$
• Jazz musicians %egin to leave the cit# for the North$
• Dizz# 8illespie and "helonious -on are %orn$
• "he &$'$ enters /orld /ar 9$
• -ore than @773777 *lac men served t
armed forces in segregated units$
• James Europe leads the
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-amie 'mith and %egins to develop a unique st#le of pla#ing$ people worldwide$
• 'inger3 actor3 and civil rights activist .a
2o%eson graduates first in his class fro
2utgers &niversit#$
1919
• "he 4riginal Di1ieland Jass *and performs in +ondon$
• /ill -arion oo tours Europe with his 'outhern '#ncopated
4rchestra which includes clarinetist 'idne# *echet$ After thetour *echet sta#s in Europe$
• New 4rleans trom%onist 0id 4r# moves to +os Angeles and
forms a %and3 %ringing 5azz to new ears$
• James Europe is murdered %# a fellow %andmate after an
argument$
• +a%or and housing tensions lead to race
in hicago3 East 't$ +ouis3 /ashington3and other cities3 illing hundreds and %thousands out of their homes$
• "he first airplane crosses the Atlantic 4
piloted %# John Alcoc and Arthur /hi*rown$
• -e1ican re%el leader Emilio Capata is
am%ushed and murdered %# governmenforces$
• .h#sicist Ernest 2utherford3 nown as t
father of nuclear ph#sics3 discovers a winduce the splitting of an atom$ "his is tfirst instance of an e1periment performinuclear transmutation3 the changing ofchemical element into another$
YearDevelopments in Jazz Historical Events
1921
• "he town of Cion3 9llinois %ans 5azz performances3 la%eling
them ;sinful$;
• .ianist James .$ Johnson records "he Harlem 'trut and
arolina 'hout3 the earliest stride piano recordings3 in NewYor$
• A crisis occurs surrounding 8erman wa
reparations$
• Adolf Hitler is elected leader of the Na
.art#$
• 2ussia is refused entr# to the +eague of
Nations$
• "he first -iss America contest is held$
• /arren 8$ Hardin %ecomes president$
1922
• "rom%onist 0id 4r#!s %and3 %ased in +os Angeles3 maes the
first recordings %# a %lac ensem%le pla#ing in the New4rleans st#le$
• .ianist ats /aller maes his first recordings$
• -ahatma 8handi is imprisoned$
• "he ** (*ritish *roadcasting orpor
is founded$
• 9sadora Duncan!s suggestive dancing is
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• .ianist /illiam ;ount; *asie maes his first recordings$
• *lues singer -amie 'mith continues to grow in popularit#3
recording twent# songs with her %and "he Jazz Hounds3 which
features sa1ophonist oleman Hawins$
• 2agtime pu%lisher John 'tar goes out of %usiness signif#ing
the end of ragtime$
• 2ace records are created3 mareting and categorizing music %#
the race of the performers$
• +ouis Armstrong moves to hicago to 5oin 0ing 4liver!s *and$
%anned$
• -ussolini seizes power in 2ome$
• Eg#ptian pharaoh "utanhamen!s tom%discovered$
• /riter James Jo#ce pu%lishes &l#sses$
1923
• *lues singer *essie 'mith maes her first recording3 Down=hearted *lues3 which sells a million copies in si1 months andleads to her signing a nine=#ear contract with olum%ia2ecords$
• ornetist 0ing 4liver!s %and3 which includes +ouis Armstrong
on trumpet and Armstrong!s wife +il Hardin on piano3 maesits first recordings3 including Dippermouth *lues$
• .ianist and arranger letcher Henderson forms the letcher
Henderson 4rchestra and %egins performing at lu% Ala%amain New Yor$
• .ianist Jell# 2oll -orton3 now %ased in hicago3 maes
several recordings including solo pieces such as 0ing .orter'tomp and performances with the New 4rleans 2h#thm 0ings$
• larinetist 'idne# *echet maes his first recordings$
• *andleader Elmer 'nowden!s /ashingtonians performs in New
Yor with Due Ellington on piano$
• "he first networ radio %roadcast occur the &$'$
• Earthquae in "o#o ills 773777$
• ongress approves a law maing all Na
Americans citizens of the &$'$
• alvin oolidge %ecomes .resident$
1924
• Due Ellington maes his first recordings as leader of the/ashingtonians$
• 8eorge 8ershwin de%uts 2hapsod# in *lue along with .aul
/hiteman!s %and$
• ornetist *i1 *eider%ece and his %and3 "he /olverines3 mae
their first recordings$
• +ouis Armstrong moves to New Yor it# to wor with
letcher Henderson$
• ,ladimir 9l#ich +enin3 leader of theommunist 2evolution3 dies$
• 'talin %ecomes dictator of 2ussia$
• "he ascist .art# wins the 9talian electi
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• ornetist *i1 *eider%ece 5oins .aul /hiteman!s %and$
• .ianist and %andleader Due Ellington %egins his residenc# at
the otton lu% in Harlem3 increasing the %and from si1 to
eleven mem%ers$
across the Atlantic 4cean$
• olum%ia *roadcast '#stem (*') is
inaugurated$
• "he first ;talie; film is released3 "he J
'inger3 starring Al Jolson$
1928
• larinetist *enn# 8oodman maes his first recordings$ • Japanese troops enter hina$
1929
• .ianist ats /aller participates in a mi1ed=race recording
session in which he is forced to pla# %ehind a screen toseparate him from the white musicians$
• "he film 't$ +ouis *lues a%out the life of pianist /$$ Hand# is
released3 featuring %lues singer *essie 'mith3 Hand# asmusical director3 and pianist James .$ Johnson!s %and$
• Yugoslavia is formed under 0ing Ale1a
•
"he &$'$ stoc maret crashes$
• "he 't$ ,alentine!s Da# -assacre occur
hicago$
• "he first Academ# Awards are held in
Holl#wood$
• Her%ert Hoover %ecomes president$
Year
Developments in Jazz Historical Events
1930
• "rumpeter +ouis Armstrong records *od# and 'oul$
• 9n a recording session with Armstrong3 percussionist +ionel
Hampton pla#s his first vi%raphone solo and decides to maethat his main instrument$
• *andleader .aul /hiteman and his orchestra star in the movie
"he 0ing of Jazz$
• *andleader a% allowa# %ecomes a regular at the otton
lu%$
• ree 5azz sa1ophonist 4rnette oleman is %orn$
• "he planet .luto is discovered$
• "he 5et engine is invented$
1931
• ornetist *i1 *eider%ece dies of pneumonia at age $
• ornetist *udd# *olden dies$
• .ianist +il Hardin separates from her hus%and +ouis Armstrong
• "he Empire 'tate *uilding opens in Ne
Yor it#$
• 'pain %ecomes a 2epu%lic$
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and forms an all=female %and$
• 2A demonstrates the first F rmp long=pla#ing disc$
• Japan invades -anchuria$
• "here is massive worldwide unemplo#
1932
• Due Ellington records 9t Don!t -ean a "hing (9f it Ain!t! 8ot
"hat 'wing)3 the first 5azz composition to use swing in the title$
• larinetist *enn# 8oodman %egins his career with the letcher
Henderson 4rchestra$
• .ianist Joe Cawinul3 trumpeter Donald *#rd3 and 5azz harpist
Doroth# Ash%# are all %orn$
• John occroft wors in nuclear ph#sic
is the first to split an atom in a completcontrolled manner$ "his wor3 for whicwon a No%el award in B?3 was also othe first e1periments to verif# Einstein!sEGmc@$
• Japan forms a -anchurian 2epu%lic an
attacs 'hanghai$
•
2adio it# -usic Hall opens in New Y
• Aviator harles +ind%ergh!s son is
idnapped$
1933
• /ith the rise of the Nazi part# in 8erman#3 *erlin radio station
unstunde %ans 5azz %roadcasts$
• .ianist Art "atum records his first piano solo3 "iger 2ag3 which
is thought %# man# to %e a duet$
• Due Ellington and his orchestra %egin their first tour of
Europe$
• 'inger *essie 'mith maes her last recordings$
• 'inger *illie Holida# maes her first recording$
• Adolph Hitler %ecomes hancellor of
8erman#3 followed %# the creation of tDachau concentration camp3 political aand the appropriation of Jewish financethe government$
• ranlin D$ 2oosevelt %ecomes preside
intiates economic recover# in the &$'$
• -ahatma 8handi is imprisoned$
• .rohi%ition ends in the &$'$
• "he first photographs of the +och Ness
monster are pu%lished in *ritain!s Dail#
1934
• letcher Henderson!s %and folds due to financial difficulties
and Henderson sells his arrangements to *enn# 8oodman3 who performs with his %and at *ill# 2ose!s -usic Hall in NewYor$
• "he 5ournal Down *eat: the ontemporar# -usic -agazine is
launched in hicago$
• "he Iuintette du Hot lu% de rance3 featuring guitarist
D5ango 2einhardt and violinist 'tephane 8rappelli3 gives itsfirst pu%lic performance at the Ecole Normale de -usique in
.aris$
• 4utlaws *onnie .arer and l#de *arr
are shot dead$
• 9talian troops invade Al%ania$
• "he Nazi coup fails in Austria$
• Adolf Hitler %egins his dictatorship in
8erman#$
• *lues singer +ead%ell# is released from
prison in +ouisiana after writing a song
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• Jimmie +unceford!s %and replaces a% allowa#s at the
otton lu% in Harlem$
• larinetist Jimm# Dorse# and trom%onist "omm# Dorse# form
the Dorse# *rothers 4rchestra$
• Due Ellington and *illie Holida# appear in the film
'#mphon# in *lac$
governor asing for a pardon$
• "he first cheese%urger is served in +oui
0entuc#$
1935
• .ianist and %andleader *ennie -oten dies$
• .ianist ount *asie forms the *arons of 2h#thm with
mem%ers of -oten!s %and$
• ,ocalist Ella itzgerald maes her first recordings$
• larinetist *enn# 8oodman records letcher Henderson!s
arrangement of Jell# 2oll -orton!s 0ing .orter 'tomp$
• *enn# 8oodman %egins recording with a raciall# integrated
trio that includes pianist "edd# /ilson and drummer 8ene0rupa$
• *illie Holida# maes several recordings with pianist "edd#
/ilson3 including /hat a +ittle -oonlight an Do$
• 8eorge 8ershwin!s three=act opera .org# and *ess opens at the
Alvin "heater in New Yor$
• 9tal# invades Ethiopia$
• "he first paper%ac %oos are pu%lishe
• "he electric guitar is invented$
1936
• *illie Holida# and "edd# /ilson record 9 ried for You3 which
goes on to sell ?3777 copies$
• .ianist Nat 0ing ole maes his first recordings with the 'olid
'wingers3 a %and led %# his %rother3 Eddie ole3 a %assist$
• *enn# 8oodman3 adding vi%raphonist +ionel Hampton to his
trio3 records -oonglow3 which starts a series of popular quartetrecordings$
• Due Ellington provides music for the -ar1 *rothers movie A
Da# at the 2aces$
• *lac American athlete Jesse 4wens wi
four gold medals at the 4l#mpic 8ames*erlin> Hitler leaves the stadium and reto %e photographed with 4wens$
1937
• *illie Holida# maes her de%ut with ount *asie!s %and$
• oleman Hawins records with D5ango 2einhardt and
sa1ophonist *enn# arter in .aris$
• "he Hinden%urg e1plodes in New Jerse
• "he Japanese capture .eing and contr
'hanghai$
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• Due Ellington records aravan3 %# Juan "izol$
• ount *asie!s %and %roadcasts from the 'avo# *allroom in
Harlem$
• ount *asie!s %and records 4ne 4!cloc Jump3 which %ecomes
their signature tune$
• *enn# 8oodman records 'ing3 'ing3 'ing$
• 8eorge 8ershwin dies of a %rain tumor$
• Nat 0ing ole creates a new ensem%le with piano3 %ass3 and
guitar$
•
*essie 'mith dies in a car accident$
• "rumpeter Dizz# 8illespie maes his first recordings$
1938
• *enn# 8oodman!s %and hosts a sold out concert at arnegie
Hall which features a 5azz histor# element and a 5am sessionwith mem%ers of Due Ellingtons and ount *asie!s %ands$After the 8oodman concert3 ount *asie!s %and and hic/e%%!s %and have an informal competition at the 'avo#*allroom$
• ornetist 0ing 4liver dies after #ears in povert# woring as a
pool=room 5anitor$
• *enn# 8oodman!s %and records *ach 8oes to "own: .relude
and ugue in 'wing3 which com%ines elements of classicalmusic and swing$
• 8erman# anne1es Austria and 'udetenl
• 'hopping carts are introduced for the fi
time in 4lahoma$
• Actor 4rson /elles %roadcasts /ar of t
/orlds3 a radio science=fiction drama a-artian invasion3 and causes a nationw
panic$
1939
• A new %and led %# trom%onist 8lenn -iller gains notoriet#
through regular radio %roadcasts$
• *illie Holida# records 'trange ruit3 with controversial l#rics
regarding l#nchings which causes it to %e %anned from severalradio stations$
• hic /e%% dies and Ella itzgerald taes over his %and$
• 8lenn -iller records the hugel# successful 9n "he -ood$
• *enn# 8oodman hires guitarist harlie hristian$
• +ester Young records +ester +eaps 9n with ount *asie$
• oleman Hawins records *od# and 'oul3 setting a new
• /orld /ar 99 %reas out in Europe$
• 8erman# occupies *ohemia3 -oravia3
'lovaia3 and +ithuania and invades .o
• -ilitar# conscription is introduced in *
• Hitler and -ussolini agree to a ;.act of
'teel$;
• "he 'panish ivil /ar ends$
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standard for improvisational sophistication on the sa1ophone$
• Artie 'haw retires$
• 'inger -a 2aine# dies$
• harlie .arer moves to New Yor to pursue music$
• *lue Note 2ecords is founded$
Year
Developments in Jazz Historical Events
1940
•omposer and %andleader Due Ellington hires sa1ophonist*en /e%ster and records 0o=0o3 oncerto for ootie3 andottontail$
• "rumpeter ootie /illiams leaves Ellington!s %and and is
replaced %# trumpeter and violinist 2a# Nance$
• ,i%raphonist +ionel Hampton!s %ig %and records l#ing Home$
• Nat 0ing ole!s trio records the timel# piece3 8one with the
Draft$
• -inton!s .la#house in New Yor %ecomes a hot spot for 5azz3
where musicians such as pianist "helonious -on3 trumpeterDizz# 8illespie3 and drummer 0enn# lare are featured$
• "he American 'ociet# of omposer3 Authors3 and .u%lishers
(A'A.) issues a %roadcast %an of A'A. wors3 resulting inthe growth of rival organization *roadcast -usic 9ncorporated(*-9)$
•"he 'oviet &nion attacs inland$
• 8erman# invades Norwa# and Denmar
• /inston hurchill %ecomes .rime -ini
of *ritain$
• Holland and *elgium fall to 8erman#$
• 9tal# declares war on *ritain and ranc
•
8erman# occupies .aris$
1941
• Due Ellington!s %and records composer *ill# 'tra#horn!s "ae
the !A! "rain3 which %ecomes the %and!s signature tune$
• "rumpeter 2o# Eldridge 5oins drummer 8ene 0rupa!s
orchestra as featured soloist$
• larinetist 'idne# *echet pla#s five different instruments on
"he 'hei of Ara%# and *lues of *echet3 using some of theearliest overdu%%ing techniques$
• 'a1ophonist harlie .arer maes his first recordings with Ja#
-c'hanns %and and %egins participating in the famous-inton!s .la#house 5am sessions where %e%op is created$
• 8erman# invades Yugoslavia3 2ussia3 a
sends troops to North Africa$
• "he *ritish arm# goes to +i%#a and Eth
• Japan %om%s .earl Har%or3 Hawaii$
• "he &$'$ and *ritain declare war on Jap
• "he &$'$ declares war on 8erman# and
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• A'A.!s %roadcasting %o#cott ends$
• Jell# 2oll -orton dies$
• ootie /illiams forms his own orchestra3 which eventuall#emplo#s musicians such as Eddie !+oc5aw! Davis3 harlie.arer and *ud .owell$
• Dizz# 8illespie is fired %# a% allowa# after an altercation
involving a nife$
1942
• .ianist ats /aller appears at arnegie Hall$
• omposer +eonard *ernstein performs in *oston as a 5azz
pianist$
• "he American ederation of -usicians %ans its mem%ers from
participating in studio recordings for record companies that failto pa# ro#alties to performers$
• "rom%onist 8lenn -iller dissolves his %and and enlists in the
Air orce where he forms a new %and$
• Eighteen=#ear=old singer 'arah ,aughan wins a talent
competition at Harlem!s Apollo "heater$
• harlie .arer and Dizz# 8illespie 5oin pianist Earl Hines
%and$
• Eddie ondon!s integrated %and appears on *' television$
• *ill%oard magazine pu%lishes the first %lac record chart under
the title ;Harlem Hit .arade$;
• "he &$'$ %om%s 8erman#$
• 8erman# attacs 'talingrad3 &$'$'$2$
• Japan wages campaigns in East 9ndies3
-ala#a3 and *urma$
1943
• Due Ellington!s 4rchestra performs *lac3 *rown3 and *eige
and New /orld Aomin! at arnegie Hall$
• .ianist Art "atum esta%lishes a trio with guitarist "in# 8rimes
and %assist 'lam 'tewart$
• 8lenn -iller pu%lishes a te1t=%oo for arranging music$
• *ritain captures "ripoli$
• 8erman# surrenders at 'talingrad and
"unisia$
• 9talian leader *enito -ussolini resigns
the Allied invasion of 'icil#$
• "he Allies land on mainland 9tal#$
• 9tal# turns against 8erman#$
• "he 5itter%ug dance %ecomes popular in
&$'$
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1944
• .roducer Norman 8ranz initiates the series3 ;Jazz at the
.hilharmonic; in +os Angeles$
• *ud .owell urges %andleader ootie /illiams to record
"helonious -on!s !2ound -idnight$ "his is the first nownrecording of this song3 which has since %ecome the most=recorded 5azz standard composed %# an# 5azz musician$
• "helonious -on maes his first recordings with the oleman
Hawins Iuartet$
• harlie .arer and Dizz# 8illespie leave *ill# Ecstine!s %and$
• "rumpeter -iles Davis arrives in New Yor to stud# at
Juilliard 'chool of -usic %ut promptl# withdraws$ Hecomplains of the classical F European focus of the school and
decides he can learn more from .arer3 8illespie and the NY 5azz scene$
• +ester Young is drafted into the arm#3 is voted most popular
sa1ophonist %# Down *eat magazine3 and appears in the filmJammin! the *lues$
• "he American ederation of -usicians lifts the recording %an$
• 8lenn -iller disappears in an Air orce flight from +ondon to
.aris$
• "he siege of +eningrad ends$
• "he Allies land on Normand# %eaches
what %ecomes ;D=Da#$;
• An unsuccessful assassination attempt i
made on Adolph Hitler$
• .aris and *russels are li%erated$
• "he &$'$ Arm# crosses the 8erman %or
• "he &nited Negro ollege und is
esta%lished$
1945
• Dizz# 8illespie records *e=*op$
• harlie .arer hires -iles Davis to replace Dizz# 8illespie at
the "hree Deuces on ?@nd 'treet3 leading Davis to quit school$
• harlie .arer records Now!s "he "ime3 his first session as a
leader3 with -iles Davis on trumpet and -a1 2oach on drums$
• harlie .arer and Dizz# 8illespie pla# in +os Angeles3
helping to esta%lish an interest in %e%op$
• .ianist -ar# +ou /illiams gives the first performance of her
Codiac 'uite at New Yor!s "own Hall$
• /arsaw and *udapest fall to the &$'$'$
• ologne falls to the Allies$
• .resident ranlin 2oosevelt dies$
• 9talian leader *enito -ussolini is e1ecu
his corpse later hung upside down for pviewing$
• Adolph Hitler commits suicide$
• *erlin is captured %# 2ussian troops$
• 8erman forces surrender$
• "he &$'$ drops atomic %om%s on Hiros
and Nagasai$
• Japan surrenders$
• omposer Anton /e%ern is accidentall
to death %# &$'$ militar# policeman in
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Austria$
• omposer *ela *arto dies$
• "he &nited Nations is founded$
• E%on# -agazine is founded$
• Harr# '$ "ruman %ecomes president$
1946
• harlie .arer and Dizz# 8illespie perform at ;Jazz at the
.hilharmonic; in +os Angeles$
• harlie .arer performs with -iles Davis in +ittle "o#o3 +os
Angeles$
• -iles Davis records 4rnitholog# and Night in "unisia with
harlie .arer3 and then re5oins *ill# Ecstine!s %and$
• 8uitarist D5ango 2einhardt and violinist 'tephane 8rappelli
are reunited after their wartime separation$
• Dizz# 8illespie forms a %ig %and that includes pianist John
+ewis and drummer 0enn# lare$
•
*illie Holida# performs at "own Hall in New Yor$
• Hungar# %ecomes a repu%lic$
• .resident Juan .eron assumes power in
Argentina$
• 9tal# %ecomes a repu%lic$
• -ao "se="ung revives the hinese ivi
• "he %iini is introduced$
1947
• +ouis Armstrong appears at arnegie Hall with *illie Holida#$
• -iles Davis continues to perform with harlie .arer at the
"hree Deuces and maes a series of recordings with .arer$
• -iles Davis maes his first recordings as a leader3 featuring
harlie .arer3 pianist John +ewis3 and drummer -a1 2oach$
• harlie .arer records numerous tracs for the Dial and 'avo#la%els$
• *illie Holida# is convicted for possession of heroin$
• Ella itzgerald and Dizz# 8illespie appear at a sold out concert
at arnegie Hall3 where 8illespie performs u%ana *eFu%ana*op$
• Dizz# 8illespie records -anteca3 %ringing attention to Afro=
u%an 5azz$
• "helonious -on maes his first recordings as a %andleader
for *lue Note$ 'everal of his original compositions are
• risis occurs in .alestine$
• 9ndia and .aistan gain independence f
*ritain$
• ommunists assume power in Hungar#
• Jacie 2o%inson %ecomes the first Afric
American in ma5or league %ase%all$
• "he sound %arrier is %roen in the &$'$
• "he entral 9ntelligence Agenc# is crea
%# .resident Harr# "ruman$
• "he House &n=American Activities
ommittee %egins investigating commuin Holl#wood3 leading to the %laclistinten filmmaers$
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
15/39
featured3 including 9n /aled *ud3 -on!s -ood and /ellYou Needn!t$
• Drummer Art *lae# forms a group that is later to %ecome the
Jazz -essengers$
• "he Atlantic la%el is founded$
• +ouis Armstrong and *illie Holida# appear in the film New
4rleans$
• hano .ozo introduces Afro=u%an 5azz in New Yor$
• "he first microwave oven is introduced$
1948
• Dizz# 8illespie %rings %e%op to Europe3 performing at the Nice
Jazz estival in rance along with +ouis Armstrong and others$
• 8illespie!s u%an drummer3 hano .ozo3 is shot dead in
Harlem$
• *illie Holida# performs twice at arnegie Hall3 %oth times
%reaing %o1=office records$
• olum%ia 2ecords introduces the first long=pla#ing vin#l discs$
• -iles Davis forms a nonet which appears for two wees at the
2o#al 2oost as a replacement for pianist ount *asie!s %and$
• 'a1ophonist *en /e%ster re5oins Due Ellington!s %and$
• -ahatma 8handi is assassinated in Ne
Delhi$
• ommunists gain control of zechoslo
• *ritain a%andons .alestine$
• 9srael is founded$
• "he &$'$'$2$ isolates *erlin$
• /riter 8eorge 4rwell!s BK is pu%lish
• 'outh Africa esta%lishes the apartheid
s#stem$
• 9n the &$'$3 a 5udge rules that it is illega
homeowners to refuse to sell to %lac %
1949
• -iles Davis and composerFarranger 8il Evans record *irth of
the ool$
• "he first estival 9nternational de Jazz is held in .aris3featuring harlie .arer3 Dizz# 8illespie3 'idne# *echet3 -ilesDavis3 0enn# lar3 and others$
• .ianist +ennie "ristano records earl# e1amples of free 5azz
improvisation$
• Norman 8ranz pairs anadian pianist 4scar .eterson with
%assist 2a# *rown at a ;Jazz at the .hilharmonic; concert atarnegie Hall$
• .ianist Dave *ru%ec records in 'an rancisco with his piano
trio$
• "he 2epu%lic of Erie is esta%lished$
• "he /est 8erman ederal 2epu%lic is
esta%lished$
• "he first passenger 5et aircraft maes a
• "he .eople!s 2epu%lic of hina is foun
%# hairman -ao "se="ung$
• "he East 8erman Democratic 2epu%lic
esta%lished$
• ivil /ar ends in 8reece$
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16/39
• "he clu% *irdland3 named after harlie ;*ird; .arer3 opens on
*roadwa#$
• harlie .arer appears at arnegie Hall> the same #ear he also
records harlie .arer with 'trings$
• 'tan 0enton performs progressive 5azz at arnegie Hall with a
@?=piece orchestra$
• ,ietnam achieves independence from
Year
Developments in Jazz Historical Events
1950
• .ianist 4scar .eterson maes his first recordings$
• ,ocalist 'arah ,aughan records in NY with trumpeter -iles
Davis$
• 'a1ophonist harlie .arer and pianist "helonious -on
record together$
• "helonious -on is arrested for possession of drugs and
%anned from performing in NY nightclu%s for si1 #ears$
• .ianist Errol 8arner composes -ist#$
• .ianist Ahmad Jamal forms his first piano trio$
• .ianist ount *asie and trumpeter Dizz# 8illespie %oth
dis%and their %ig %ands due to financial constraints$
• /riter 8eorge 4rwell (BK) dies$
• "he 'oviet &nion declares its nuclear
weaponr#$
• "he 0orean /ar %egins$
• hina invades "i%et$
1951
• "he -iles Davis All 'tars record their first long=pla#ing al%um
for .restige$
• .ianist Dave *ru%ec forms his first quartet with sa1ophonist
.aul Desmond$
• .ianist John +ewis forms the -ilt Jacson Iuartet with
vi%raphonist -ilt Jacson3 %assist 2a# *rown3 and drummer0enn# lare$
• New Yor police strip "helonious -on of his ca%aret card
after he refuses to testif# against *ud .owell for a narcoticsarrest$ "he loss of his card severel# restricts "helonious! a%ilit#to find gainful emplo#ment in New Yor (a ca%aret card wasrequired to pla# in an# esta%lishment that served liquor)$
• &nited Nations troops tae 'eoul$
• /riter J$D$ 'alinger pu%lishes "he atc
the 2#e$
• NA"4 is formed$
1952
• harlie .arer records sessions with strings and +atin • /riter 'amuel *ecett!s pu%lishes /ait
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
17/39
repertoire for -ercur#$
• *assist harles -ingus and drummer -a1 2oach form the
De%ut la%el$
• arnegie Hall presents a concert devoted to alifornia 5azz
featuring trumpeter het *aer and sa1ophonists 8err#-ulligan and .aul Desmond$
• -ilt Jacson and John +ewis rename their group the -odern
Jazz Iuartet$
• *andleader letcher Henderson dies$
• Due Ellington!s @?th Anniversar# is cele%rated with two
concerts at arnegie Hall featuring *illie Holida#3 sa1ophonist
'tan 8etz3 harlie .arer3 and Dizz# 8illespie$
• 8err# -ulligan!s piano=less quartet records -# unn#
,alentine$
for 8odot$
• "he 9mmigration and Naturalization Ac
passed3 removing the last racial and eth
%arriers to naturalization$
1953
• Dave *ru%ec!s quartet records Jazz at 4%erlin during a highl#
acclaimed college tour$
• *enn# 8oodman!s %and goes on tour with +ouis Armstrong!s
All 'tars eventuall# leading to a fight that ends with 8oodman
having a nervous %readown$
• "rom%onist *o% *roome#er replaces het *aer in 8err#
-ulligan!s quartet$
• harlie .arer3 Dizz# 8illespie3 -a1 2oach3 *ud .owell and
harles -ingus travel to "oronto3 anada to record Jazz at-asse# Hall$
• 'oviet leader Josef 'talin dies$
• omposer 'erge .roofiev dies$
• Iueen Eliza%eth 99 is coronated in +on
• "he 0orean /ar ends$
• Dwight D$Eisenhower %ecomes preside
1954
• -iles Davis records /alin! and -iles Davis and the -odern
Jazz 8iants3 the latter featuring "helonious -on and -iltJacson$
• "he highl# popular het *aer Iuartet records -# unn#
,alentine and *ut Not or -e$
• Dave *ru%ec appears on the cover of "ime magazine3 his
quartet records Jazz 8oes "o ollege$
• Drummer 'hell# -anne records /est oast 'ound$
• "he first American 5azz festival is organized in Newport3
• "he &$'$ tests the h#drogen %om% on *
Atoll$
• American composer harles 9ves dies$
• *ill Hale# and the omets introduce th
song 'hae3 2attle and 2oll$
• "he ,ietnam /ar %egins$
• "he &$'$ 'upreme ourt rules that raci
segregation in pu%lic schools inunconstitutional$
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
18/39
2hode 9sland %# 8eorge /ein$
• harlie .arer attempts suicide and is later admitted to
*ellevue Hospital$
• *assist harles -ingus maes his first recordings with the Jazz
omposers /orshop$
• "he film "he 8lenn -iller 'tor# is released3 starring Jimm#
'tewart and featuring +ouis Armstrong and others$
• Drummer -a1 2oach forms a hard %op quintet with trumpeter
lifford *rown$
• Drummer Art *lae# records his first al%um under the name
the Jazz -essengers$
• "helonious -on tours Europe3 where -ar# +ou /illiams first
introduces him to *aroness .annonica !Nica! de 0oenigswarter3for whom "helonious will later dedicate the song .annonica$
• "he first nuclear power is produced in t
'oviet &nion$
1955
• harlie .arer dies$ "he coroner who performs his autops#
mistaenl# estimates .arer!s K=#ear=old %od# to %e %etween?7 and
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
19/39
• .ianist Horace 'ilver leaves the Jazz -essengers$
• Due Ellington!s popularit# is respared %# an appearance at
the Newport Jazz estival and %# a cover stor# in "ime
-agazine$
• -iles Davis records 2ela1in!3 ooin!3 and 'teamin! and then
tours Europe$
• Art "atum dies$
• N* launches the Nat 0ing ole 'how$
• "rumpeter +ee -organ maes his first recordings$
•
"helonious -on records *rilliant orners3 with 'onn#2ollins$
1957
• "he -odern Jazz Iuartet provides the score for the film 'ait=
on 5amais3 and tours Europe performing the music$
• -iles Davis and arranger 8il Evans record -iles Ahead$
• -iles Davis records the soundtrac for the rench film
+!Ascenseur pour l!echafaud and performs the music in .aris
with %assist .ierre -ichelot and drummer 0enn# lare$
• "helonious -on records with the Jazz -essengers$
• larinetist Jimm# Dorse# dies$
• *assist harles -ingus records "i5uana -oods3 using elements
of +atin music$
• +eonard *ernstein!s /est 'ide 'tor# opens in /ashington3
D$$
• 'a1ophonist John oltrane records the al%um *lue "rane$
• +ouis Armstrong causes controvers# %# speaing out against
.resident Dwight Eisenhower$
• *illie Holida# performs ine and -ellow in a live ",
%roadcast$
• "he 'tate Department sends *enn# 8oodman on a tour to the
ar East$
•.ianist and arranger "oshio Ai#oshi wins a poll in Down
• onductor Arturo "oscanini dies$
• omposer Jean 'i%elius dies$
• "he &$'$'$2$ launches the first 'putni
satellite$
•8overnor au%us of Aransas calls out
National 8uard to prevent desegregatio
• Dr$ 'euss! children!s %oo "he at in th
%ecomes a %estseller$
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
20/39
*eat and receives an award from the *erlee ollege of -usic$
• *randies &niversit# commissions "hird 'tream wors %#
harles -ingus and others$
1958
• ritic *arr# &lanov speas out against se1ism in 5azz in an
article in Down *eat$
• 'onn# 2ollins records reedom 'uite with 4scar .ettiford and
-a1 2oach3 using the liner notes to attac racism in America$
• Dave *ru%ec performs in Denmar$
• 4scar .eterson performs in Amsterdam$
• *andleader /$$ Hand# dies$
• "he film 't$ +ouis *lues depicts Hand#!s life and features Nat
0ing ole3 Ella itzgerald3 and %lues singer -ahalia Jacson$
• -iles Davis records -ilestones3 featuring earl# modal 5azz$
• -iles Davis records 4n 8reen Dolphin 'treet with pianist *ill
Evans$
•
-iles Davis and 8il Evans record large=ensem%learrangements of composer 8eorge 8ershwin!s opera .org# and*ess$
• Art *lae#!s Jazz -essengers record -oanin!3 a defining
al%um for hard %op$
• omposer Antonio arlos Jo%im launches the %ossa nova
craze3 recording Joao 8il%erto!s hega de 'audade$
• *ill Evans records Ever#%od# Digs *ill Evans with the
influential modal trac .eace .iece$
• Art *lae# records Holida# for 'in with three 5azz drummers
and seven +atin percussionists and tours Europe with the Jazz-essengers$
• "he European Economic ommunit# is
esta%lished$
• .ainter .a%lo .icasso!s mural "he all
9carus is unveiled$
• "he *oeing 676 5et revolutionizes air tr
• "he hovercraft is invented$
• "he first stereo record is issued$
• "he sate%oard is invented in aliforni
1959
• "helonious -on appears at "own Hall$
• -iles Davis records 0ind of *lue3 which pioneers modal 5azz3
and will eventuall# %ecome one of the %est selling 5azz al%umsof all time$
• idel astro assumes power in u%a$
• 'inger *udd# Holl# dies$
• Hawaii and Alasa 5oin the &$'$
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
21/39
• 'a1ophonist +ester Young dies$
• John oltrane records 8iant 'teps$
• larinetist 'idne# *echet dies$
• +os Angeles=%ased sa1ophonist 4rnette oleman records "he
'hape of Jazz to ome3 a free 5azz al%um$
• oleman!s group performs free 5azz at the ive 'pot in New
Yor$
• *illie Holida# is arrested for possession of drugs and dies soon
after$
•
Due Ellington composes the score for the film Anatom# of a-urder$
• Dave *ru%ec and his quartet record "ime 4ut3 which includes
.aul Desmond!s hit "ae ive$
• .ianist 4scar .eterson forms a trio with %assist 2a# *rown and
drummer Ed "higpen$
• Architect ran +lo#d /right dies$
• .anama is invaded %# u%an forces$
• hina is %arred from 5oining the &nited Nations$
• "he first cassette tapes are introduced i
&$'$
• Earth receives its first pictures of the da
side of the moon$
• "he first Lero1 machines are introduce
•
"wo mone#s are sent into space %# Nand return safel#$
Year
Developments in Jazz Historical Events
1960
• "rumpeter -iles Davis records 'etches of 'pain3 which uses
lamenco music3 and then tours Europe$
• "he -odern Jazz Iuartet records an al%um with orchestral
accompaniment$
• rowd distur%ances disrupt the 6th Newport Jazz estival$
• 'a1ophonist John oltrane and trumpeter Don herr#
colla%orate on the al%um Avant=8arde3 influenced %#sa1ophonist 4rnette oleman$
• John oltrane records -# avorite "hings3 as well as 8iant
'teps$
• Drummer -a1 2oach records /e 9nsistM: reedom Now 'uite$
"he al%um has an e1plicit civil rights message$
• .ianist ecil "a#lor and sa1ophonist Archie 'hepp record "he
/orld of ecil "a#lor$
• *assist harles -ingus and sa1ophonistFclarinetist EricDolph# record /hat +ove and a%les of au%us3 the latter
• /riter Al%ert amus is illed in a car c
• John $ 0enned# is elected president of
&$'$
• "he first laser %eam is demonstrated$
• African=American students stage sit=ins
North arolina$
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22/39
written a%out the Aransas governor who opposeddesegregation$
• Drummer 'hell# -anne opens the clu% ;'hell#!s -anne=Hole;
in +os Angeles$
• 4rnette oleman records ree Jazz$
1961
• Drummer Art *lae#!s Jazz -essengers tour Japan$
• -iles Davis records live at 'an rancisco!s *lac Haw$
• -iles Davis and arranger 8il Evans appear at arnegie Hall$
• "rumpeter Dizz# 8illespie appears at arnegie Hall$
• .ianist "helonious -on tours Europe$
• 4rnette oleman!s avant=garde quartet dis%ands$
• Down *eat magazine prints several articles attacing 4rnette
oleman!s music and the current (free 5azz) music of Johnoltrane and Eric Dolph#$
• "he Newport Jazz estival relocates to New Yor after rioting
in its original location$
• 'a1ophonist 4liver Nelson records *lues and the A%stract
"ruth$
• 2ussian cosmonaut Yuri 8agarin is the
man in space$
• /riter Ernest Hemingwa# dies$
• "he *erlin /all is completed$
• "he %irth=control pill is introduced$
• /riter Joseph Heller!s novel atch=@@ i
pu%lished$
• u%an e1iles attempt to overthrow u%
leader idel astro in the *a# of .igsinvasion$
• John $ 0enned# is inaugerated3 %ecomi
the first atholic .resident$
1962
• 'a1ophonist 'tan 8etz and guitarist harlie *#rd record
Desafinado3 which spars renewed interest in %ossa nova$
• .ianist Her%ie Hancoc records his first al%um as a leader3
"ain! 4ff$
• "rumpeter ootie /illiams re5oins Due Ellington!s %and$
Ellington records an al%um with harles -ingus and drummer-a1 2oach3 and an al%um with John oltrane$
• arnegie Hall hosts a %ossa nova concert$
• 8uitarist Joe .ass maes his first al%um$
• ecil "a#lor records live in openhagen$
• Actress -aril#n -onroe dies$
• /riter /illiam aulner dies$
• "he u%an -issile risis occurs$
• +incoln enter for the .erforming Arts
in New Yor it#$
• "he *eatles %ecome a sensation with th
first single +ove -e Do$
1963
• harles -ingus records "he *lac 'aint and "he 'inner +ad#3 • ivil rights leader -artin +uther 0ing J
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23/39
a landmar in e1tended structure and free improvisation$
• *ill Evans records onversations with -#self3 which uses
overdu%%ing$
• -iles Davis performs and records with his new group with
Her%ie Hancoc3 sa1ophonist 8eorge oleman3 %assist 2onarter3 and 6=#ear=old drummer "on# /illiams$
• ount *asie tours Japan$
• "rumpeter +ee -organ records the %est=selling "he
'idewinder$
• Astrud 8il%erto!s 8irl from 9panema %ecomes a huge hit
featuring 'tan 8etz$
addresses a rall# in /ashington3 D$$
• "welve=#ear=old singer 'tevie /onder
releases his first al%um$
• &$'$ .resident John $ 0enned# is
assassinated$
• +#ndon *$ Johnson %ecomes president
&$'$
• our %lac girls are illed in an Ala%am
church %om%ing$
1964
• "he -iles Davis Iuintet records the classic live al%um -#
unn# ,alentine3 and soon after sa1ophonist /a#ne 'horterreplaces 8eorge oleman$
• larinetist and flutist Eric Dolph# records 4ut "o +unch with
trumpeter reddie Hu%%ard and "on# /illiams$
• .ianist Horace 'ilver records 'ong for -# ather$
• John oltrane records A +ove 'upreme3 which sells hundreds
of thousands of copies$
• *lind multi=instrumentalist 2oland 0ir performs at the
Newport in Europe festival$
• Avant=garde tenor sa1ophonist Al%ert A#ler records the al%um
8hosts$
• 'outh African political activist Nelson
-andela %egins his life sentence$
• omposer ole .orter dies$
• ilmmaer 'tanle# 0u%ric releases Dr
'trangelove$
• "he *eatles appear in A Hard Da#!s Ni
and tour the &$'$ for the first time$
• "he &$'$ ivil 2ights *ill is passed$
• rance and *ritain agree to construct a
hannel "unnel connecting the twocountries$
• "he soldier doll 8$9$ Joe is introduced$
1965
• -iles Davis records E'. with his new quintet$
• .ianist Nat 0ing ole dies of cancer$
• Her%ie Hancoc records -aiden ,o#age3 a classic modal tune3
with the other mem%ers of -iles Davis! group plus trumpeterreddie Hu%%ard$
• "rumpeter "had Jones and drummer -el +ewis form a
rehearsal orchestra that is to last for #ears$
• John oltrane records Ascension3 a free 5azz e1periment
• /riter "$'$ Eliot dies$
• "he &$'$ intensifies its involvement in
,ietnam$
• "he first spacewal occurs$
• "hirt#=four people are illed in +os An
race riots$
• "he film "he 'ound of -usic receives
4scar for *est .icture$
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24/39
influenced %# 4rnette oleman$ • .olitical activist -alcolm L is assassin
1966
• Due Ellington receives the .resident!s 8old -edal of Honor$
• "had Jones and -el +ewis de%ut with their %ig %and at the
,illage ,anguard in New Yor$
• ecil "a#lor records &nit 'tructures3 which is an e1perimental
al%um that resem%les contemporar# classical music$
• "he -iles Davis Iuintet records -iles 'miles3 a historic wor
that e1plores structural freedom$
• 2ace riots %rea out in New Yor3 lev
and hicago$
• ultural 2evolution occurs in hina$
• 'tar "re appears on ",$
• *ar%ara Jordan %ecomes the first Africa
American woman to win a seat in the "'enate$
• 2ise of the ;*lac .ower; movement>
Newton and *o%%# 'eale form the *lac.anthers .art#$
1967
• John oltrane maes his last recordings and dies soon after of
liver disease$
• "he -iles Davis Iuintet records 'orcerer and Nefertiti3
featuring mostl# compositions %# /a#ne 'horter$
• "he Dave *ru%ec Iuarter dis%ands$
• *andleader .aul /hiteman dies$
• "he first -ontreu1 Jazz estival is held in 'witzerland$
• Down *eat announces it will cover roc music as well as 5azz$
• "rumpeter +ester *owie forms the Art Ensem%le of hicago3
an important avant=garde 5azz group$
• Her%ie Hancoc introduces electric piano to popular 5azz in
-iles Davis! group$
• "he first heart=transplant operation is
performed$
• "he 'i1=Da# /ar occurs in the -iddle
• "he Apollo space crew is illed in a
launchpad fire$
• 'inger Aretha ranlin has four top=7
• .resident +#ndon Johnson orders a
commission to report on rising racialviolence$
1968
• ,i%raphonist 8ar# *urton appears at arnegie Hall$
• Her%ie Hancoc records the al%um 'pea +ie a hild with
trumpeter "had Jones and %assist 2on arter$
• Her%ie Hancoc quits the -iles Davis Iuartet$
• 8uitarist /es -ontgomer#3 whose al%um A Da# in the +ife is
the %est selling 5azz al%um of the #ear3 dies$
• -artin +uther 0ing Jr$ is assassinated$
• 'tudents protest in .aris$
• "he &$'$'$2$ invades zechoslovaia$
• .residential candidate 2o%ert 0enned#
assassinated$
• -assive antiwar protests are staged in t
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
25/39
• .ianist hic orea and %assist Dave Holland 5oin -iles
Davis! %and$
• Avant=garde sa1ophonist Anthon# *ra1ton3 a mem%er of the
hicago Association for the Advancement of reative-usicians3 records or Alto 'a1ophone and "hreeompositions of New Jazz$
• omposer arla *le#!s Jazz omposers 4rchestra Association
forms the New -usic Distri%ution 'ervice to disseminate itsrecordings$
&$'$
• 2oc guitarist Jimi Hendri1 soars up th
charts with two al%ums$
• ilmmaer 'tanle# 0u%ric!s @77: A '
4d#sse# is released$
1969
• omposer 8unther 'chuller completes his %oo Earl# Jazz3 the
first critical stud# of the origins of the music$
• *assist .aul ham%ers dies from tu%erculosis$
• -iles Davis records 9n a 'ilent /a#$ +ater in the #ear3 Davis
records *itches *rew3 the first important fusion al%um$
• "on# /illiams forms the group +ifetime with guitarist John
-c+aughlin and organist +arr# Young$
• "he Art Ensem%le of hicago records in .aris$
• oleman Hawins dies of pneumonia$
• Neil Armstrong %ecomes the first man t
on the moon$
• olonel -uammar 8addafi seizes pow
+i%#a$
• 8olda -eir %ecomes .remier of 9srael$
• "he /oodstoc pop music festival is he
New Yor$
• /riter -ario .uzo!s "he 8odfather is
pu%lished$
• "he lotter# s#stem is esta%lished for thedraft$
• 2ichard -$ Ni1on %ecomes president$
Year
Developments in Jazz Historical Events
1970
• .ianist hic orea records "he 'ong of 'inging3 a successful
e1periment with atonal 5azz$
• hic orea and %assist Dave Holland quit -iles Davis! %and
and form the group ircle$
• .ianist 0eith Jarrett 5oins -iles Davis! group on electric organ$
• *assist harles -ingus and %andleader 'un 2a record in
*erlin$
• 'a1ophonist Jan 8ar%are visits the &$'$
• Artist -ar 2otho dies$
• "he &$'$ arm# enters am%odia$
• 8uitarist Jimi Hendri1 dies from a drug
overdose$
• 'inger Janis Joplin dies from a drug
overdose$
• "he voting age is lowered to $
• 'tudent demonstrators are illed at 0en
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26/39
• .ianist Joshua 2ifin records ragtime composer 'cott Joplin!s
rags$
'tate &niversit# and Jacson 'tate oll
• &$'$ 'upreme ourt case 2oe vs$ /ade
defends women!s right to a%ortion$
• "he /orld "rade enter in New Yor
%ecomes the tallest %uilding in the worl
1971
• 0e#%oardist Joe Cawinul!s and sa1ophonist /a#ne 'horter!s
new fusion group3 /eather 2eport3 records in New Yor$
• 8uitarist John -c+aughlin!s newl# formed -ahavishnu
4rchestra records in New Yor$
• .ianist "helonious -on records in +ondon$
• 'un 2a!s Arestra tours Eg#pt$
• *assist harles -ingus pu%lishes his auto%iograph#3 *eneath
"he &nderdog$
• "rumpeter +ouis Armstrong dies$
• omposer 9gor 'travins# dies$
• "he &$'$ %om%s North ,ietnam$
• ilmmaer 'tanle# 0u%ric!s A loc
4range is %anned in the &0$
• +ouis Armstrong!s death is reported on
front pages of newspapers all over the
1972
• /eather 2eport records 9 'ing the *od# Electric$
• 0e#%oardist hic orea records with his newl# formed fusion
group 2eturn to orever$
• *assist harles -ingus performs at the .hilharmonic Hall in
New Yor$
• Hard %op trumpeter +ee -organ is shot dead %# his former
mistress in New Yor$
• .ianist "helonious -on goes into retirement$
• ree 5azz sa1ophonist 4rnette oleman!s 'ies of America is
performed %# the +ondon '#mphon# 4rchestra$
• "he -ahavishnu 4rchestra records *irds of ire and +ove
Devotion 'urrender$
• *ritish troops ill people in Norther
9reland$
• "he &0 5oins the European Economic
ommunit#$
• "he 'A+" agreement limits &$'$ and
&$'$'$2$ nuclear weapons$
• Eleven 9sraelis are murdered %# Ara%
terrorists in -unich at the 4l#mpics$
•
"he &$'$ maes its final %om%ing of No,ietnam$
• .resident 2ichard Ni1on visits ommu
hina and the &$'$'$2$
• 2eggae star *o% -arle# is signed to 9sl
2ecords and %rings Jamaican music anculture into the mainstream$
• "he first .olaroid cameras go on sale$
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1973
• 0e#%oardist Her%ie Hancoc records the 5azz=roc (fusion)
al%um Headhunters in 'an rancisco3 the al%um!s sales %reaing all records in 5azz$
•
"he movie "he 'ting features 'cott Joplin!s music3 creating arenewed interest in ragtime$
• "rumpeter Dizz# 8illespie arranges a come%ac appearance for
trumpeter het *aer$
• 8uitarist John -c+aughlin dis%ands the first -ahavishnu
4rchestra$
• "he ,ietnam /ar ends$
• .ainter .a%lo .icasso dies$
• "he /atergate 'candal occurs$
• "he mountain %ie is invented in alifo
1974
• "rumpeter "had Jones and drummer -el +ewis tae their %ig
%and to "o#o$
• "he Ai#oshi="a%acin %ig %and records in +os Angeles$
• "he -odern Jazz Iuartet gives a farewell performance at New
Yor!s +incoln enter$
• .ianist 4scar .eterson visits the 'oviet &nion$
• 'a1ophonist 8rover /ashington Jr$ records his crossover hit
-r$ -agic$
• Due Ellington dies from lung cancer and pneumonia$
• "urish forces invade #prus$
• .att# Hearst3 daughter of newspaper m
/illiam 2andolph Hearst3 is idnapped
• "he ;streaing; craze (running in the n
for shoc and laughs) hits college campand other pu%lic places$
• .resident 2ichard Ni1on resigns$
• 8erald ord %ecomes president$
1975
• 'a1ophonist -ichael *recer and his %rother3 trumpeter
2and#3 record together$
• 2eturn to orever records No -#ster#$
• -iles Davis performs in Japan3 New Yor3 and at the Newport
estival %efore going into retirement$
• 8uitarist .at -ethen# records his first al%um3 *right 'ized
+ife3 with electric %assist Jaco .astorius$
• .ianist *ill Evans records the al%um Alone$
• ourteen=#ear=old trumpet virtuoso /#nton -arsalis performs
with the New 4rleans '#mphon# 4rchestra$
• "he 0hmer 2ouge taes control of
am%odia$
• North ,ietnam invades 'outh ,ietnam$
• ilmmaer 'teven 'piel%erg!s Jaws is
released$
1976
• .ianist Dave *ru%ec!s quartet reunites for an anniversar#
concert$
• "he ,iing space pro%e transmits pictu
from -ars$
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• .ianist "helonious -on performs for the last time at the
Newport Jazz estival$
• .ianist Her%ie Hancoc records live at Newport with his group3
,'4.$
• 8uitarist John -c+aughlin dis%ands the second -ahavishnu
4rchestra$
• /eather 2eport3 now with electric %ass virtuoso Jaco .astorius3
records its %est selling al%ums *lac -aret and Heav#/eather$
• /riter Ale1 Hale#!s 2oots is pu%lished$
• "he &$'$ cele%rates the %icentennial of
independence with Kth of Jul# festivitie
• .un roc %ecomes popular in *ritain$
• 'cott Joplin is awarded a posthumous
.ulitzer .rize for his contri%utions toAmerican music$
1977
• .ianist Errol 8arner dies$
• Alto sa1ophonist .aul Desmond dies$
• "he /orld 'a1ophone Iuartet is founded$
• Drummer 0enn# lare returns to the &$'$
• -ulti=instrumentalist 2oland 0ir dies$
• .op 5azz group 'p#ro 8#ra records its first al%um$
• "he &$'$ space shuttle maes a test flig
• 'inger Elvis .resle# dies$
• ilmmaer 8eorge +ucas! 'tar /ars is
released$
• Jimm# arter %ecomes president$
1978
• .resident Jimm# arter hosts a 5azz concert at the /hite House
in honor of %assist and composer harles -ingus$
• "he u%an %and3 9raere3 promotes Afro=u%an music in
Europe and the &$'$
• .ianist hic orea records with vi%raphonist 8ar# *urton$
• 0e#%oardist *o% James composes a popular fusion theme for
the ", series "a1i$
• "he .at -ethen# 8roup is formed$
• 2evolution occurs in Afghanistan$
• "he hit film musical 8rease is released$
• "he first video arcade game 'pace 9nva
is a hug hit worldwide$
• "elevision reporter -a1 2o%inson is th
African American to anchor networ ne
1979
• *assist harles -ingus dies in -e1ico$
• 'ue -ingus forms the -ingus D#nast# in honor of her late
hus%and$
• Drummer Jac DeJohnette colla%orates with sa1ophonist
David -urra# on 'pecial Edition$
• -argaret "hatcher %ecomes *ritain!s fi
female prime minister$
• ilmmaer rancis ord oppola!s mov
Apocal#pse Now is released$
• Nuclear disaster occurs at "hree -ile 9s
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29/39
• .ianist 0eith Jarrett and sa1ophonist Jan 8ar%are record live$
• *andleader 'tan 0enton dies in +os Angeles$
• Dizz# 8illespie pu%lishes his %oo3 "o *e or Not "o *op$
• .ianist *ill Evans maes his final recordings$
• "he first 'on# /alman is introduced$
Year Developments in Jazz Historical Events
1980
• 'a1ophonist 8rover /ashington3 Jr$3
records his 8ramm# Award winningal%um3 inelight 3 that includes the hit song
!ust the Two of "s$
• "rumpeter -iles Davis comes out of
retirement and records the fun and roc=influenced The Man with the #orn$
• Eighteen=#ear=old trumpeter /#nton
-arsalis records at -ontreu1 with Art*lae#!s Jazz -essengers$
• .ianist *ill Evans dies in New Yor$
• ormer *eatle John +ennon is
murdered in New Yor it#$
• 73777 u%an refugees come to
the &$'$
• -t$ 't$ Helen!s volcano erupts$
• "he 9ranian hostage crisis %egins$
1981
• .ianist -ar# +ou /illiams dies$
• -iles Davis maes his first live
performance since retirement at Aver#isher Hall in New Yor$
• 'a1ophonist David 'an%orn records the
al%um $o%eur 3 featuring the 8ramm#=winning song &ll ' (ee) is *ou3 composed
%# %assist -arcus -iller$
•'a1ophonist *ranford and trumpeter/#nton -arsalis 5oins Art *lae#!s Jazz-essengers$
• "he &$'$ completes its first
successful space shuttle mission$
• 2ace riots occur in *ri1ton3
+ondon$
• .rince harles marries +ad#
Diana 'pencer$
• .resident Anwar 'adat of Eg#pt
is assassinated$
• .oland declares martial law to
quash trade union ;solidarit#$;
• ormer actor 2onald 2eagan
%ecomes president$
• Assassination attempts are made
on .resident 2eagan and .opeJohn .aul 99$
• 'andra Da# 4!onnor %ecomes
the first female &$'$ 'upreme
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30/39
ourt Justice$
• "he 9ranian hostage crises ends$
• "he A9D' epidemic %egins$
1982
• .ianist "helonious -on dies$
• 'a1ophonist 'onn# 'titt dies$
• *assist Jaco .astorius leaves /eather
2eport$
• "rumpeter /#nton -arsalis and vocalist
*o%%# -cerrin are featured at the 0oolJazz estival$
• Argentina invades the alland
9slands$ *ritish forces reclaim theallands forcing the surrender of Argentine troops$
• ilmmaer 2ichard Atten%orough
receives eight Academ# Awardsfor the film +han)i$
• ilmmaer 'teven 'piel%erg
receives three Academ# Awardsfor E,T,
• The Message is one of the earliest
rap hits$
1983
• .ianist 0eith Jarrett mae his first
recordings of standards with drummer Jac
DeJohnette and %assist 8ar# .eacoc$
• .ianist Eu%ie *lae dies$
• .ianist Earl Hines dies$
• "rumpeter /#nton -arsalis maes histor#
%# winning a 5azz and classical 8ramm#Award in the same #ear$
• 0e#%oardist Her%ie Hancoc!s s#nthesized
dance hit3 Ro.it 3 reaches num%er one in
the pop charts$
• .ianist 'cott Joplin appears on a &$'$
postage stamp$
• /riter "ennessee /illiams dies$
• "he &$'$ invades 8ranada$
• "he first compact discs are
mareted$
• "he a%%age .atch dolls %ecome
a commercial success$
• "he 'chool .ra#er Amendment is
re5ected %# the &$'$ 'upremeourt$
• Harold /ashington %ecomes the
first *lac ma#or of hicago$
• ,anessa /illiams %ecomes the
first *lac -iss America$
1984
• *andleader and e#%oardist 'un 2a
performs in Athens and is voted into the /own Beat Hall of ame$
• "he first %lac franchise is
granted in 'outh Africa$
• 9ndian .rime -inister 9ndira
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31/39
• .ianist ount *asie dies in Holl#wood$
• Drummer 'hell# -anne dies$
• -iles Davis records *ou0re "n)er &rrest
%efore leaving olum%ia 2ecords andsigning a seven figure deal with /arner*ros$
8handi is assassinated$
• 2onald 2eagan is elected to his
second term as .resident$
• Apple omputers launches the
first -acintosh$
1985
• Drummer 0enn# lare dies$
• -iles Davis records &ura in Denmar$
• "rumpeter "had Jones taes over the ount
*asie %and$
• *lue Note is relaunched with a concert at
"own Hall with drummer Art *lae#3 %assist 2on arter3 pianist Her%ie Hancoc3trumpeter reddie Hu%%ard3 and others$
• Drummer .hill# Joe Jones dies$
• "rumpeter ootie /illiams dies$
•
.ianist hic orea captures a newaudience with his Eletri *and withelectric %assist John .atitucci and drummer Dave /ecl$
• *ranford -arsalis tours with pop artist
'ting$
• 'inger and promoter *o%
8eldof!s charit# concert ;+iveAid; reaches a glo%al audience$
• "he sunen cruise ship The
Titani is located$
• A new3 sweeter oca=ola is
introduced %ut oca=ola goes %ac to the original recipe due to poor sales$
1986
• /#nton -arsalis records Stan)ar) Time3
esta%lishing his reputation as atraditionalist$
• Jazz=pop musician 0enn# 8 has a hit with
Songbir),
• Jazz education and outreach organization
Thelonious Mon. 'nstitute of !azz esta%lished in memor# of the 5azz legend$
• "he film 1Roun) Mi)night is released3
starring sa1ophonist De1ter 8ordon as acharacter loosel# %ased on pianist *ud.owell> Her%ie Hancoc wins Academ#Award for original score$
• "he &$'$ space shuttle
Challenger e1plodes on launch$
• "he &$'$ %om%s +i%#a from a
*ritish air %ase$
• ilmmaer 4liver 'tone!s
Platoon receives an Academ#Award$
• "he 9ran=ontra 'candal %ecomes
pu%lic$
• "he &$'$ 'upreme ourt upholds
affirmative=action hiring quotas$
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• Jazz legend *enn# 8oodman dies$
1987
•
Electric %assist Jaco .astorius dies3 %eat up %# a %ouncer in a 'outh lorida %ar$
• ree 5azz sa1ophonist 4rnette oleman
reunites his original quartet$
• 'a1ophonist -ichael *recer releases his
first solo al%um$
• A %ig %and is formed to cele%rate trumpeter
Dizz# 8illespie!s seventieth %irthda#$
• -a5or record la%els %egin massive reissuesof classic 5azz recordings on D3 reflectingthe renewed interest in %e%op and hard %op$
• Classial !azz2 +incoln enter!s first
concert series devoted e1clusivel# to 5azz3 %egins in Alice "ull# Hall$
•
Artist And# /arhol dies$
• "he stoc maret crashes$
• E1=Nazi deput# 2udolf Hess
commits suicide in a *erlin prison$
• .resident 2onald 2eagan and
'oviet leader -ihail 8or%achevsign the first treat# to reducenuclear arms$
• .op vocalist /hitne# Houston
%ecomes the first female artist tohave an al%um go straight tonum%er one on the *ill%oardcharts$
1988
• Arranger 8il Evans dies in -e1ico$
• "rumpeter het *aer dies in m#steriouscircumstances in Amsterdam$
• .ianist 0eith Jarrett is nominated for a
8ramm# for his recording of music %#composer J$'$ *ach$
• Actor lint Eastwood directs Bir) 3 a
%iographical dramatization of the life ofharlie .arer$
• A 5um%o 5et e1plodes over
+ocer%ie3 'cotland$
• American ", evangelist Jim
*aer is forced to resign afteradmitting to an affair$
• "he antidepressant drug .rozac is
launched$
1989• "rumpeter 2o# Eldridge dies$
• "rumpeter /ood# 'haw dies$
• Nineteen=#ear=old trumpeter 2o# Hargrove
records /iamon) in the Rough$
• John Corn records the post=modern al%um
(a.e) Cit%$
• "rumpeter and producer Iuinc# Jones
records Ba. on the Blo. with a wide
• Artist 'alvador Dali dies$
• "he *erlin /all is opened$
• .rotesters are massacred at
"iananmen 'quare in *ei5ing3hina$
• /riter 'alman 2ushdie is
sentenced to death in 9ran forwriting his novel The Satani
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
33/39
variet# of genres from %op to rap$
• -iles Davis records &man)la$
$erses$
• "he &$'$ invades .anama$
• "he E11on ,aldez oil spilloccurs$
• 8eorge H$ *ush %ecomes
president$
Year Developments in Jazz Historical Events
1990
• Drummer -el +ewis dies$
• ,ocalist 'arah ,aughan dies$
• 'a1ophonist De1ter 8ordon dies$
• Drummer Art *lae# dies$
• "rumpeter -iles Davis pu%lishes his
controversial auto%iograph# Miles: The &utobiograph% (co=authored %# Iuinc# "roupe)$
• "he 8ulf /ar %egins$
• "he /arsaw .act collapses$
• "he 'oviet &nion falls$
• omposer +eonard
*ernstein dies$
1991
• 'a1ophonist 'tan 8etz dies$
• -iles Davis appears at the -ontreu1 Jazz
estival with Iuinc# Jones3 performing earl#wor with arranger 8il Evans$
• -iles Davis dies in alifornia$
• &pon winning "helonious -on 9nstitute
9nternational Jazz 'a1ophone ompetition3
Joshua 2edman signs with /arner *ros$2ecords$
• New Yor!s +incoln enter esta%lishes 5azz
division !azz at Linoln Center3 /#nton-arsails named Artistic Director$
• hildren!s %oo writer Dr$
'euss dies$
• "he "ailhoo scandal
occurs$
• "he 8ulf /ar ends$
1992
• -iles Davis! final al%um3 /oo-Bop3 which
features rap3 is released$
•
'a1ophonist *ranford -arsalis %ecomes the %andleader on The Tonight Show with !a% Leno3
• 2ace riots %rea out in +os
Angeles$
•
Author "err# -c-illan pu%lishes the hit novel
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
34/39
with a group that includes pianist 0enn#0irland3 %assist *o% Hurst3 and drummer Jeff/atts$
• Hip hop group &' has a hit with a song thatsamples Her%ie Hancoc!s Cantaloupe 'slan) $
• .ianist Her%ie Hancoc3 sa1ophonist /a#ne
'horter3 %assist 2on arter3 drummer "on#/illiams and trumpeter /allace 2one# tour in atri%ute to -iles Davis$
aiting to E4hale$
• -ae Jemison %ecomes the
first African American
woman astronaut$
• arol -osele#=*raun
%ecomes the first AfricanAmerican woman elected tothe &$'$ 'enate$
1993
• *andleader 'un 2a dies$
•'a1ophonist Joe Henderson receives criticalacclaim for his -iles Davis tri%ute al%um So
(ear2 So 5ar 6Musings for Miles7,
• .ianist hic orea!s Eletri *and is refused
permission to perform in 8erman# %ecause oforea! s mem%ership in the controversial hurchof 'cientolog#$
• 'a1ophonist Jan 8ar%are has commercial
success with his al%um 8ffiium$
• 'a1ophonist Joshua 2edman records two al%umsand esta%lishes himself as the top star in the#oung lionO 5azz scene$
• Dizzie 8illespie dies of pancreatic cancer$
• 'outh African .rime
-inister $/$ de 0ler and political activist Nelson-andela win No%el .eace.rize$
• .oet -a#a Angelou delivers
a poem for the inaugurationof .resident linton$
• /riter "oni -orrison wins
the No%el .rize forliterature$
•
*ill linton %ecomes president$
1994
• 8uitarist Joe .ass dies$
• "rumpeter 2ed 2odne# dies$
• & Tribute to Miles3 featuring the -iles Davistri%ute %and3 wins a 8ramm# Award$
• 'outh Africa has its first
multi=racial election$
• .aula Jones files a suit for
se1ual harassment against.resident *ill linton$
1995
• "rumpeter 2o# Hargrove ousts "rumpeter
/#nton -arsalis in the /own Beat critic polls$
• ilm director 2o%ert Altman!s film3 Kansas Cit%3
is released3 featuring a reenactment of a B7!s 5am session with pianist 8eri Allen3 sa1ophonistJoshua 2edman3 %assist hristian -c*ride3
sa1ophonist James arter3 and others$
• ormer foot%all star 4$J$
'impson is on trial formurder$
• ivil unrest occurs in
former hechn#a$
• 4lahoma it# ederal
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35/39
• "he 9mpulse record la%el is revived after @
#ears$
• Drummer "on# /illiams dies$
%uilding is %om%ed$
• Nation of 9slam leader
+ouis arrahan organizes
the -illion -an -arch in/ashington3 D$$
1996
• 0enn# 8arrett releases Pursuane: The Musi of
!ohn Coltrane3 with .at -ethen#$
• "helonious -on 9nstitute produces ;A
ele%ration of America!s -usic; on A* ",3 thefirst networ television special devoted to 5azz inover @? #ears$
• Jazz at +incoln enter %ecomes full constituent
of +incoln enter3 equal in stature with the tenother organizations on campus including the NY.hilharmonic3 -etropolitan 4pera3 and NY*allet$
• A %om% is set off at the
4l#mpic games in Atlanta$
1997
• /a#ne 'horter wins a 8ramm# Award for his
electric 5azz al%um #igh Life$
• 'a1ophonist Joshua 2edman3 %assist hristian
-c*ride3 and drummer *rian *lade tour as atrio$
• A P@6 million 5azz museum opens in 0ansas
it#$
• 8roup suicide occurs
among religious cultHeaven!s 8ate mem%ers inalifornia$
• ormer .rincess of /ales
+ad# Diana dies in a caraccident$
• "he first successful clone
(Doll#3 a sheep) occurs$
1998
• 8uitarist .at -ethen# and %assist harlie Haden
win 8ramm# Awards for their duet al%um
Be%on) the Missouri S.%$
• 8uitarist 0evin Eu%ans replaces *ranford
-arsalis as the %andleader on The Tonight Showwith !a% Leno$
• .resident linton is
impeached$
• 8oogle 9nternet search
engine esta%lished$
1999
• "rumpeter Art armer dies$
• ,i%raphonist -ilt Jacson dies$
• 'inger Joe /illiams dies$
• .resident linton is
acquitted on impeachmentcharges after a 'enate trial$
•
ifteen high school studentsare shot dead %# two
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
36/39
• "rumpeter +ester *owie dies$ students at olum%ine High'chool in olorado$
Year Developments in Jazz Historical Events
2000
• "rumpeter Dave Douglas and vocalist Diana 0rall rise
in popularit#$
• *assist Dave Holland tours with a group featuring
sa1ophonist hris .otter$
• New 5azz=related genre3 ;5am %ands3; rises in popularit#$
• ,iolence erupts in 9srael$
• "he &$'$ .residential election results are dela
due to confusion a%out votes in lorida$
2001
• B=hour3 7=part documentar# !azz directed %# 0en
*urns is presented on .*' and released on D,D$
• amed Juilliard 'chool esta%lishes degree program in
5azz studies$
• Dave *ru%ec!s alma mater3 the &niversit# of the
.acific3 launches the *ru%ec 9nstitute$
• "helonious -on Jr$ esta%lishes independent record
la%el Thelonious Reor)s,
• Jazz greats Joe Henderson3 John +ewis3 J$J$ Johnson3
*ill# Higgins3 and "omm# lanagan die$
• 8eorge /$ *ush %ecomes president$
• "he /orld "rade enter in New Yor and the
.entagon in /ashington3 D$$ are rammed %#hi5aced 5etliners in the worst terror attac onsoil> over 3777 illed$
• &$'$ and *ritain attac targets in Afghanistan
"ali%an government refuses to hand over terromastermind 4sama %in +aden> "ali%an regimetopples %ut %in +aden remains at large$
• Apple omputer introduces the iPo),
• 9M satellite radio %egins service$
2002
• /a#ne 'horter tours and records with his new acoustic
quartet$
• Dave Holland forms criticall# acclaimed %ig %and$
• +os Angeles .hilharmonic esta%lishes reative hair
for Jazz> vocalist Dianne 2eeves accepts firstappointment$
• "he faces of 5azz icons Due Ellington3 'idne# *echet3
+ouis Armstong3 and Ella itzgerald are placed onrench postage stamps$
• "om +ord pu%lishes comprehensive 5azz discograph#
containing
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37/39
5azz divisions3 effecting a rise in the num%er ofindependent 5azz la%els$
• Jazz legends +ionel Hampton3 .egg# +ee3 2a# *rown3
and 2osemar# loone# die$
2003
• *lue Note recording artist Norah Jones wins 8ramm#
Awards including Al%um of the Year$
• +ouis Armstrong!s Iueens3 NY home opens as a 5azz
museum3 educational resource3 and historical landmar$
• New development in 5azz3 ;5azztronica; (com%ining
improvisation3 B7!s fusion era groove3 and studio
electronics) arrives on the scene$
• 2esurgence of interest in 5azz vocals and pre=roc
standards$
• Jazz legend *enn# arter dies$
• 'pace shuttle Columbia e1plodes upon reentr#
Earth!s atmosphere3 illing all seven astronaut %oard$
• &$'$ and *ritain wage war against 9raq$
• .resident *ush signs P?7 %illion ta1=cut %ill$
• ormer .resident of 9raq 'addam Hussein capin "irit %# &$'$ Kth 9nfantr# Division$
• Apple omputer launches digital media pla#e
application and online music service iTunes,
• D,Ds replace ,2s as the common standard
video stores$
2004
• Jazz at +incoln enter opens rederic .$ 2ose Hall3 the
first=ever performance3 education3 and %roadcast facilit#devoted e1clusivel# to 5azz$
• As ma5or record la%les continue to minif# or eliminate
their 5azz divisions3 more and more 5azz artists recordand release their own Ds on the 9nternet via suchorganizations as Artist'hare$
• Jam %and *ad .lus rises in popularit#$
• NEA increases num%er of Jazz -asters honored each
#ear from to < and honorarium from P@73777 to
P@?3777$
• Jazz legends Elvin Jones and 9llinois Jacquet die$
• 'overeignt# returned to an interim governmen
9raq> &$'$ maintains appro1imatel# ?3777 tr there to fight growing insurgenc#$
• "wo -ars e1ploration ro%otic rovers successf
reach the surface of the red planet and send dedata and images of its landscape %ac to Earth$
• "sunami causes devastation in 'ri +ana3 9ndi
9ndonesia3 "hailand3 -ala#sia3 and the -aldivilling appro1imatel# 773777 and promptinglargest humanitarian response for a natural disin histor#$
• 9nternet usage surpasses ", viewing$
• ,ideogame industr# profits surpass movie
industr#!s$
2005
• B?6 recording of the "helonious -on Iuartet with
John oltrane discoved and released on *lue Note$
• Jazz D,Ds enter maret$
• New 4rleans native sons Harr# onnic Jr$ and /#nton
• "errorists %om% pu%lic transport s#stem in +o
and marets in New Delhi$
• Hurricane 0atrina causes catastrophic damage
-ississippi and +ouisiana> 7Q of New 4rleaflooded> over 3K77 illed> all levels of &$'$
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
38/39
-arsalis (and others) organize telethons3 concerts3 etc$to help Hurricane 0atrina vicitims> despite dar da#s3
5azz contiunes to flourish in New 4rleans$
•
Her%ie Hancoc3 /a#ne 'horter3 Nnenna reeelon3 and -on 9nstitute ellows tour ,ietnam on %ehalf of the&$'$ 'tate Department3 commemorating 7thanniversar# of normalization of &$'$=,ietnamdiplomatic relations$
• Jazz legend .erc# Heath dies$
government criticized for dela#ed and inadequresponse$
• Earthquae in 0ashmir ills 73777$
• 9sraeli government enacts unilateral disengage
plan3 removing 9sraeli settlements from 8aza$
• .ope John .aul 99 dies at age K and is succee
.ope *enedict L,9$
• ell phone carriers add video viewing3 interne
music downloading services$
2006
• "on# *ennett3 hic orea and the late 2a# *arretto arenamed NEA Jazz -asters$
• Jazz legends /alter *ooer and Anita 4Da# die$
• oretta 'cott 0ing3 ivil 2ights activist and wDr$ -artin +uther 0ing Jr$3 dies at 6$
• ormer 9raqui .resident 'addam Hussein and
his senior allies are sentenced to death %# hanafter an 9raqi court finds them guilt# of crimesagainst humanit#$
• 8oogle %u#s You"u%e for P$
8/18/2019 Jazz Timeline 1900-2000
39/39
first 5azz al%um in K #ears to do so$
• -iguel Cenon and Ale1 2oss win John D$ and atherine
"$ -acArthur oundation 8enius ellowships$
• 8eri Allen was awarded a 8uggenheim fellowship for
music composition$
• Dave *ru%ec and Iuinc# Jones are inducted into the
alifornia -useums alifornia Hall of ame$
• ,oter turnout is the highest in at least K7 #ears
2009
• Jazz musician Due Ellington has %ecome the first
*lac American to %e prominentl# featured on a &$'$coin in circulation with the release of a quarter honoring
the District of olum%ia$
• 0oo "a#lor3 %lues singer3 dies$
• *arac 4%ama is inaugurated as the KKth3 and
African=American president of the &$'$
• "he out%rea of the #