Post on 13-Jan-2016
James W. Bilbro JB Consulting International
Huntsville, AL
Using the Advancement Degree of Difficulty (AD2) as an input to Risk
Management
Multi-dimensional Assessment of Technology Maturity
Technology Maturity Conference
Founders Inn & Spa, Virginia Beach, VA
September 8-12, 2008
Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership
2
Advancement Degree of Difficulty (AD2) is a method of systematically dealing with aspects beyond TRL.
It is a “predictive” description of what is required to move a system, subsystem or component from one TRL to another.
It provides information in the form of:• Liklihood of occurrence of an adverse event. Risk• Cost to ensure that such an event does not occur.• The time required to implement the necessary action.
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
Impact
Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership
3
• AD2 consists of a set of questions in 5 specific areas:– Design and Analysis– Manufacturing– Software Development– Test– Operations
• The questions are asked about each element in the product WBS structure from the top level system down to the individual component.
• The questions are not directed toward the element itself, rather toward the issue of:– Do you have the resources – people, skills, tools, facilities, etc. to
design, manufacture, test and operate it?
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
5-41140
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
The levels of risk associated with AD2 are described in terms of the experience base of the developers.
i.e., have they done this before?
5-41140
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
Requires new development outside of any existing experience base. No viable approaches exist that can be pursued with any degree of confidence. Basic research in key areas needed before feasible approaches can be defined.Requires new development where similarity to existing experience base can be defined only in the broadest sense. Multiple development routes must be pursued.Requires new development but similarity to existing experience is sufficient to warrant comparison in only a subset of critical areas. Multiple development routes must be pursued.
Requires new development but similarity to existing experience is sufficient to warrant comparison on only a subset of critical areas. Dual development approaches should be pursued in order to achieve a moderate degree of confidence for success. (desired performance can be achieved in subsequent block upgrades with high degree of confidence.Requires new development but similarity to existing experience is sufficient to warrant comparison in all critical areas. Dual development approaches should be pursued to provide a high degree of confidence for success.Requires new development but similarity to existing experience is sufficient to warrant comparison across the board. A single development approach can be taken with a high degree of confidence for success.Requires new development well within the experience base. A single development approach is adequate.Exists but requires major modifications. A single development approach is adequate.Exists with no or only minor modifications being required. A single development approach is adequate.
9
8
7
123
4
5
6
90%
80%
70%
0%10%20%
30%
40%
50%
RIS
K
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership
*De Meyer, et al
Relating AD2 to Project Uncertainty: from Variation to Chaos*
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
Variation:
Cost, time and performance levels vary randomly, but in a predictable range.
Foreseen Certainty:
A few known factors will influence the project but in predictable ways.
Unforeseen Uncertainty:
One or more major influence factors cannot be predicted.
Chaos:
Unforeseen events completely dominate the project’s target, planning and approach.
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership
Level Likelihood Probability of Occurrence
1 Not Likely ~10%
2 Low Likelihood ~30%
3 Likely ~50%
4 Highly Likely ~70%
5 Near Certainty ~90%
DOD Likelihood Descriptions
Relating AD2 to a 5X5 Risk Matrix
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership
Level Technical Performance
Schedule Schedule
1 Minimal or no consequence to technical performance
Minimal or no impact Minimal or no impact
2 Minor reduction in technical performance or supportability, can be tolerated with little or no impact
on the program
Able to meet key dates.
Slip <*month(s)
Budget increase or unit production cost
increases.
<**(1% of Budget)
3 Moderate reduction in technical performance or supportability with
limited impact on program objectives
Minor schedule slip. Able to meet key milestones with no schedule float
Slip <*month(s)Sub-system slip<*month(s) plus
available float
Budget increase or unit production cost
increases.
<**(5% of Budget)
4 Significant degradation in technical performance or major shortfall in
supportability; may jeopardize program success
Program critical path affected
Slip <*month(s)
Budget increase or unit production cost
increases.
<**(10% of Budget)
5 Severe degradation in technical performance. Cannot meet KPP or
key technical/supportability threshold; will jeopardize program
success
Cannot meet key program milestones
Slip <*month(s)
Budget increase or unit production cost
increases.
>**(10% of Budget)
DOD Consequence Descriptions
5-41140
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
Requires new development outside of any existing experience base. No viable approaches exist that can be pursued with any degree of confidence. Basic research in key areas needed before feasible approaches can be defined.Requires new development where similarity to existing experience base can be defined only in the broadest sense. Multiple development routes must be pursued.Requires new development but similarity to existing experience is sufficient to warrant comparison in only a subset of critical areas. Multiple development routes must be pursued.
Requires new development but similarity to existing experience is sufficient to warrant comparison on only a subset of critical areas. Dual development approaches should be pursued in order to achieve a moderate degree of confidence for success. (desired performance can be achieved in subsequent block upgrades with high degree of confidence.Requires new development but similarity to existing experience is sufficient to warrant comparison in all critical areas. Dual development approaches should be pursued to provide a high degree of confidence for success.Requires new development but similarity to existing experience is sufficient to warrant comparison across the board. A single development approach can be taken with a high degree of confidence for success.Requires new development well within the experience base. A single development approach is adequate.Exists but requires major modifications. A single development approach is adequate.Exists with no or only minor modifications being required. A single development approach is adequate.
9
8
7
123
4
5
6
90%
80%
70%
0%10%20%
30%
40%
50%
RIS
K
90%
70%
10%
30%
50%
5
4
1
2
3
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership
5X5 Risk Matrix
Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership
14
• The AD2 assessment provides the basis for the development of the Technology Development Plan and for improved accuracy of the development of program/project cost, schedule and risk.
Summary
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management
Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership
15
Website: www.jbconsultinginternational.com
Bibliography:• De Meyer, Arnould, Loch, Christoph H., and Pich Michael T., “Managing
Project Uncertainty: From Variation to Chaos,” MIT Sloan Management Review, pp. 60-67, Winter 2002.
• Risk Management Guide for DOD Acquistion 6th Edition Version 1.0 August 2006.
Using AD2 as an Input to Risk Management