Post on 04-Apr-2018
© 2009 IBM Corporation1
Energy Management for Smarter BuildingsDr Claire Penny
Niall Brady
21st May 2010
Transforming Ireland Seminar Series
© 2009 IBM Corporation2
Instrumented– Smart Meters - electricity, water, gas
– Building Management Systems and Building sensors - lighting, fire, environment, CO2
– Public safety and surveillance systems
– IP-enabled devices - servers, PCs, multifunctional devices, actuators, control devices
– Digital Media – Awareness Systems
Interconnected– Networked environments – fiber, wireless, public spaces, offices
– Media Applications- Voice, Television and Data
– Networked sensors, sensor platforms, concentrators
– Networked meters and building management systems
– Taxonomies for integration within buildings and across buildings at an enterprise level
– Interconnected systems - costs, space-use, portfolio management, facilities management
– Energy Supply Management – Solar, Wind, Cogeneration, District Energy Supply
Intelligent– “Enterprise-view” visibility of the building/campus/enterprise/city operations
– Smarter decisions to reduce operations costs, especially energy & water usage and emissions
– Optimization and integration of assets, resources, work, safety, environmental systems
– Real-time analytics of sensor & meter data to optimize operational performance
– Behavioral modeling of physical, natural, and people systems
– Visualization for user awareness and action
– Machine to machine optimization systems
– Cost Management
Smarter Planet – Smarter Buildings
© 2009 IBM Corporation3
“Data is exploding
and it’s in silos”
Smarter information
How can we take
advantage of the
wealth of
information
available in real
time from a
multitude of
sources to make
more intelligent
choices?
I Need Insight
Smarter Tools
How can we work
smarter supported
by flexible and
dynamic
processes
modeled for the
new way people
buy, live & work?
“New business &
process demands ”
I Need to Work
Smart
Smarter
infrastructure
How do we create
an infrastructure
that drives down
cost, is intelligent
and secure, and is
just as dynamic as
today’s business
climate ?
“My infrastructure is
inflexible and costly”
I need to respond
quickly
Smarter Energy Use
“Our resources
are limited”
I Need
Efficiency
How do we drive
greater efficiencies,
compete more
effectively, and
respond more quickly
by taking action now
on energy, the
environment, and
sustainability?
3
Smart Leadership Insights Change
© 2009 IBM Corporation4
Energy Efficiency Maturity Model
Monitoring and
Measurement
Retrofit and Repair
Control Demand
Benchmark of
energy usage
Determine Utility
usage profile
Implement Real-
time dashboard of
energy metrics
Analyze costs of
energy usage
Analyze Carbon
outputs
Energy
Performance
Management
Eliminate unused
assets
Determine
underutilized assets
Identify and eliminate
energy “hogs”
Measure Maintenance
schedules and
effectiveness
Forecast Usage
React to Cost and
Supply challenges
Shift loads
Implement Cultural
Conservation
programs
Peak Management
Continuously
Improvement
Establish new
baseline
Measure cost and
usage patterns vs
output and
inventory
Utilize renewable
supplies
Improve reliability
Measure Quality
Minimize waste
Total Potential
Efficiency Gain1 5%+
1Revolutionizing Data Center Efficiency – McKinsey & Co.
20%+ 30%+ 40%+
© 2009 IBM Corporation5
Energy Performance Management
Imagine the possibilities… Smarter Energy Management is…
…Efficiently automating Control system for energy conservation.
…Generating revenue from excess
capacity of power
…Reducing peak loads and
penalties from excess demand
…Linking processes, product
demand and part supplies to energy
demand requirements
…Forecasting energy use to reduce ongoing
costs and preventing high fluctuations in energy
costs…Providing employees with the ability to
visualize how they can make a difference
…automatically reacting to energy rate changes
…Determining an acceptable benchmark for Productions
…Enabling and controlling renewable supply of electricity
…Providing a measurement system for taxation
And cap and trade program verification
… Connecting Maintenance information to efficiency
© 2009 IBM Corporation6
Energy Performance Management Framework
Edge Domain Premises DomainAsset
Domain
-Sub-meters
-Fuel Gages
-Sensors & actuators
-Current Transformers
-Thermal Sensors
-BMS
Intelligent Event
Management and Control
Monitoring
Control
Alerts
Alarms
Notifications
Sensors
Meters
Application Domain
HVAC
Data Centres
Tivoli AEM Interface
Tivoli Partner Interfaces
ITM Green Energy
Agent
Tivoli Usage and Accounting Manager
Energy Management /
(Eaton, Synapsense, APC,
Johnson Controls, others)
ILOG
Maximo Enterprise Assets
Cell/ethernetIBM Carbon
Dashboard
IBM Green
Sigma
IBM Deep
Thunder
Omnibus Netcool Portal
IBM Director
Tivoli Monitoring / ITM for Green Energy
Active Energy Manager
Third Party
Sensory Systems
Lighting
Day Lighting
IT Assets
© 2009 IBM Corporation7
Green Sigma™ Snapshot
1. Concept & Planning
2. Define KPI’s,
Reduction Opportunities
3. Meters,
Base loads
4. Deploy the
Console
5. Optimise Processes
Devices
6. Control, Alerts,
Reports
Lean Phase (Best Practices) Six Sigma Phase
3. Dashboard Facilities, IT,
Mfg data• BMS
• Meters
• Sensors
• EEMS
Ideal Ops
Model
Ops data
15 min
Green
SigmaTM
Analytics
Status,
Alerts,
Reports
Operational Control,
Avoid backsliding
1. MethodologyDefine energy draws,
ideal operation,
opportunities
2. Analytics•Six Sigma toolset for answering “what if” questions
•IBM advanced analytics (SPSS)For continuous
improvement
© 2009 IBM Corporation8
The Green Sigma™ Dashboard for Energy proactively monitors KPI
data, alerts and trends, and enables drill-down analysis…
IBM Green Sigma™
© 2009 IBM Corporation10
Type A Analytics
Metering Data Flow
2. Energy
Waste
Minimisation
1. Energy
Waste
Avoidance
Type B Analytics
2. Energy
Use Modelling
1. Offline
Statistical
Analytics
SEU* Optimization
Technical
Equipment
Enhancements
Statistical
Optimisation
of SEU’s
* SEU – Significant Energy User
+ +
Green Sigma™ Analytics Touchpoints for Energy Conservation
© 2009 IBM Corporation11
Energy Wastage Minimisation: AHU Excessive Heating
Dashboard Alert
ALERT_ID LOCATION DEVICE ALERT_DESCRIPTION FIRST_OCCURENCE
18006 Building 1 B1 AHU 2 AHU Performing Excessive Heating 03/03/2010 08:50
Month 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Day 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Hour 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Day of the Week Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed
Average OAT Temp 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.2 5.2 6.2 6.7
Rule 6 AHU Performing Excessive Heating
Building 1
B1 AHU 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
B1 AHU 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B1 AHU 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B1 AHU 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B1 AHU 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B1 AHU 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
B1 AHU 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Building 1 Alert Flag 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
Outside air temperature (OAT) is
measured and historic information
built up.
Business rule triggers an alert to
inform the end-user that at the AHU
is performing excessive heating.
© 2009 IBM Corporation12
Energy Wastage Minimization: AHU Excessive Heating (continued)
Month 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Day 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Hour 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Minute 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Day of the Week Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed Wed
Average OAT Temp 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.2 5.2 6.2 6.7 7.1
Building 1B1 AHU 2 Schedule FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE
B1 AHU 2 Run 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.96 1.00 1.00
B1 AHU 2 FA Damper 25.0 100.0 64.8 25.0 59.7 25.0 25.0 25.0 100.0 100.0 35.1
AHU 2 LPHW Energy Usage 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 39.2 11.9 4.9
B1 AHU 2 Alert 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
AHU 2 is
operational
Calculated
Energy
wastage and
alert due to
heating excess
cold air
Work order
generated from
Alert
Excessive cold
air ingress
© 2009 IBM Corporation13
AHU Cold Deck Cooling Valve Passing
Dashboard Alert
ALERT_ID LOCATION DEVICE ALERT_DESCRIPTION FIRST_OCCURENCE
17825 SVL SVL-Tower C Cold Deck AHU Cold Deck Cooling Valve Passing 23/02/2010 19:04
Month 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Day 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23
Hour 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Day of the Week Tue Tue Tue Tue Tue Tue Tue Tue Tue
Average OAT Temp 48.2 47.9 48.2 47.0 46.8 46.7 45.9 45.5 46.0
Rule 18 AHU Cold Deck Cooling Valve Passing
Tower C
Tower C CD Fan Running 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
Passing Valve Conditions Met 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
Tower C Alert Flag 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
© 2009 IBM Corporation15
Boiler Gas Energy Usage outside Statistical Norms
B3 Boiler 1 Performance : Gas Usage per Boiler %Loading
y = 1357.6x
R2 = 0.9127
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1000.0
1200.0
0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0% 100.0%
kW
h
B3 Boiler 2 Performance : Gas Usage per Boiler %Loading
y = 1359.6x
R2 = 0.8903
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1000.0
1200.0
0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0% 100.0%
kW
h
Increasing Slope on regression line over time Is an indicator of increasing gas usage within the boiler
Type 2 Business Rule generated to capture this change
Alert to Maximo to create WO to inspect actual boiler for any functional problems
Offline Analytics Opportunity to perform a statistical peer review of boiler estate** to identify any outlier boilers that can be marked for special Maintenance Attention
** typically similar plant make/model and specifciation is installed at time of building construction
© 2009 IBM Corporation16
CHW Circuit Non Functioning Variable Speed Drive
Annualised Saving* = 65,700 kWh
* VSD Drive efficiency improvement – average load reduction of 10%
Variable Speed Drive showing non
modulation with respect to CHW load/efficiency
Deployment of Energy Meter
© 2009 IBM Corporation17
Offline Analytics Chiller Performance Preliminary Analysis
Recommendation : Run Chiller 1 in lead mode in Building 3 (75/25)
Annualised Potential Saving = 195,000 kWh
Major Power Usage between
Chillers
Avg Hourly
Load
Chiller 1 86.7
Chiller 2 No data
% Diff N/A
Chiller 1 42.9
Chiller 2 167.6
% Diff -291%
Chiller 1 58.7
Chiller 3 64.2
% Diff -9%
Building 1
Building 3
Building 6
© 2009 IBM Corporation19
Savings with Green SigmaTM
Annual
Savings $
Description Analytics
$63K 2 AHU’s running overnight and
week-ends
Cold Deck Operating
outside of office hours
$16K Chiller in heat recovery mode
when not needed (Overnight
and week-ends)
Chiller in heat recovery
mode outside office hours.
$6K Chilled Water Valve Leaking
through when it was
commanded off.
Cold Deck Chilled Water
Valve Passing
$6K Spike in Chilled water
Temperature calling Second
Chiller On prematurely.
Observed while looking at
the data.
$91K Total
Electricity Breakdown
Building
2009gWh
r
2008gWh
r YOY Delta (gWhr) YOY Delta (%)
Building 1-4 11.7 16.3 -4.6 -28%
Building 6 9.3 9.5 -0.2 -2%
B7/CSB1/Annex 2.0 2.1 -0.2 -8%
Total 23.0 27.9 -4.9 -17.7%
Gas Breakdown
Building
2009gWh
r
2008gWh
r YOY Delta (gWhr) YOY Delta (%)
Building 1-4 6.6 14.0 -7.4 -53%
Building 6 2.70 2.84 -0.14 -5%
Total 9.3 16.9 -7.5 -45%
Total Energy (Electricity + Gas) Breakdown
Building
2009gWh
r
2008gWh
r YOY Delta (gWhr) YOY Delta (%)
Building 1-4 18.4 30.3 -12.0 -39%
Building 6 12.0 12.3 -0.3 -3%
B7/CSB1/Annex 2.0 2.1 -0.2 -8%
Total 32.3 44.8 -12.5 -28%
© 2009 IBM Corporation20
Energy Management for Smarter Buildings – Green SigmaTM
Identifies significant energy users
Device interrelationships and ideal operation
Realtime Energy Efficiency Alerts
Alert Response / Maximo Work Order
BMS Setting Adjustment
Historical Energy Analytics
Aggregated Energy KPI Reporting
Sustains implemented energy project
Multivariant Analysis
Target the source of particular alerts/anomalies
Historical non costly diagnosis of mechanical failures relating to energy assets
© 2009 IBM Corporation21
UCD Earth Sciences Institute with TCD TrinityHaus
Transforming Ireland Seminar Series
In conjunction with the TCD‐UCD Innovation Alliance Public Lecture Series
With the support of Business in the Community Ireland and in collaboration with
Comhar Sustainable Development Council, Environmental Protection Agency, Geological
Survey of Ireland, Sustainable Energy Authority Ireland, Dublin City Council,
Met Éireann, Enterprise Ireland, Marine Institute and Teagasc
For Further details on the seminar series is available contact esi.admin@ucd.ie
A podcast of this seminar will be available on the ESI website soon, please join the online ESI mailing list for such notifications