Post on 13-Jan-2015
description
Is Russia an Entrepreneurial Society?
Ruta Aidis, PhDSenior Fellow,
Center for Entrepreneurship and Public PolicyGeorge Mason University
Founder and CEOACG Inc.
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
• In the last 10 years, Russia has imprisoned nearly 3 million entrepreneurs
• Currently 14% of Russia’s prison population, 100,000 prisoners are convicted for business-
related activities
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
And more productive, market expanding entrepreneurs
Innovation driven economies - less necessity driven entrepreneurs
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
Outline• Formation of an entrepreneurial society
• Entrepreneurship development in Russia– Initiatives & Improvements
• Analysis– The GEDI index– The Gender-GEDI index– Ecosystem
• Specific Strategies
• 5 Challenges
• Concluding Remarks
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
Formation of an Entrepreneurial Society
Individuals Institutions
Societal norms and valuesEducationCharacteristics
Legal frameworkRegulationsRule of Law
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
Entrepreneurial Society
PROs• Social stability • Job creation• Democratization• Diversity• Increasing productivity • Employs skilled labor• Counters Russia’s resource
addiction
CONs• Challenges the status quo • Promotes disruptive activity
through innovation
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
Initiatives, improvements for SME development
• Agency for Strategic Initiatives (2011) • Government backed startup financing ($200 million)• World Bank’s Ease of Doing Business Index – climbed
19 places (92nd out of 189 countries) BRIC country leader
• Global Entrepreneurship Conference (GEC), Moscow, March 2014
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
GEDI Analysis 2013 Russia –Sweden-USA
1) Opportunity Perception2) Startup Skills
3) Nonfear of Failure
4) Networking
5) Cultural Support
6) Opportunity Startup
7) Tech Sector8) Quality of Human Resources
9) Competition
10) Product Innovation
11) Process Innovation
12) High Growth
13) Internationalization
14) Risk Capital
0
0.5
1
Russia #69Sweden #2USA #1
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
GEDI Analysis 2013BRIC countries
1) Opportunity Perception2) Startup Skills
3) Nonfear of Failure
4) Networking
5) Cultural Support
6) Opportunity Startup
7) Tech Sector8) Quality of Human Resources
9) Competition
10) Product Innovation
11) Process Innovation
12) High Growth
13) Internationalization
14) Risk Capital
0
0.5
1
Russia #69India #89Brazil #72China #59
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
Gender-GEDI Analysis 2013BRIC countries
1)Opportunity Perception2)Startup Skills
3)Willingness and Risk
4)Networking
5)Cultural Support
6)Opportunity Startup
7)Technology Sector8) Quality of Human Resources9) Competition
10) Voice and Agency
11) Product Innovation
12) Process Innovation
13) High Growth
14) Internationalization
15) External Financing
0
0.5
1
China #8Russia #10Brazil #14India #16
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
Moscow and other high tech hubscompared
Low levels of financing, low business growth but high levels of new technology use
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
Specific Strategies
• 3 startups at a time to mitigate risk instead of 100% focus on one startup
• Huge consumer market and imitative business opportunities abound (ex. Darberry, Yandex)
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
1) Challenge: Corruption
We couldn’t start a project in the pharmaceutical fieldBecause we refused to bribe some people…Yoanna Gouchtchina - mobile tech entrepreneur, founder ZeeRabbit
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
2) Challenge: Business Growth
• the difficulty of expanding businesses because of administrative barriers along the way…
• Financing is very limited especially VC & IPOs
• Weak Rule of Law
As a result, many businesseschoose to stay under the radar
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
3) Challenge: Financing
• 59% of local entrepreneurs surveyed say that it is difficult to access funding in Russia (E&Y, 2013)
• Russia’s banking system not a viable funding source (IMF)
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
4) Challenge: Education
• Education is probably the weakest area of the Russian entrepreneurship ecosystem. We need more programs and higher quality. In particular, we badly need world-class traininig at MBA level – K. Varlamov, software developer
• 48% respondents agree that their school education helped them to develop a sense of initiative and a sort of entrepreneurial attitude (Eurobarometer 2012)
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
5) Challenge: Civil Society development& entrepreneurs that give back…
World Bank’s Governance Indicators 1998 – 2004 - 2012
Declining Voice & AccountabilityGovernment EffectivenessRegulatory QualityControl of Corruption
Improving Political StabilityRule of Law
FOI Seminar - R. Aidis (Stockholm 3-20-14)
Concluding Remarks
Opportunities• Entrepreneurial environment has improved tremendously• Startup culture is being fostered• Large consumer market
Challenges• Fostering Business Growth, Education & Financing • Civil Society & Corruption• Fostering a productive entrepreneurship culture that gives
back….