Post on 16-Mar-2018
IPv6 subnetting
Pierre-Yves Maunier – 11/03/2010 – FRnOG 17 Meeting
pymaunier@neotelecoms.com
1/185
IPv6 for LIRsMarch 2011
IANA IPv4 Pool
2
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
The Registry System
IP Address Distribution
8
Allocation PA Assignment PI Assignment
IANA
End User
LIR
RIR
/3
/32
/12
/56/48 /48
Our Slice of the IPv4 Pie
APNIC
ARIN
LACNIC
AfriNIC
Organisations
Other IANA
13
RIPE NCC
IPv6 Address Basics
• IPv6 address: 128 bits- 32 bits in IPv4
• Every subnet should be a /64
• Customer assignments (sites) between:- /64 (1 subnet)- /48 (65,536 subnets)
• Minimum allocation size /32- 65,536 /48s- 16,777,216 /56s
30
Multiple addresses
32
Addresses Range ScopeLoopback ::1 hostLink Local fe80::/10 link Unique Local fc00::/7 siteGlobal Unicast 2000::/3 global6to4 2002::/16 globalMulticast ff00::/8 variableTeredo 2001::/32 global
IPv6 Allocations and Announcements
43
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
RIPE NCC AllocationsTotal Worldwide AllocationsTotal Worldwide Announcements
IPv6 Subnetting
/64
2001:0DB8:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:000064 bits interface ID
/60 = 16 * /64
/56 = 256 * /64
/48 = 65536 * /64/44 = 16 * /48
/40 = 256 * /48
/32 = 65536 * /48Pierre-Yves Maunier – 11/03/2010 – FRnOG 17 Meeting
pymaunier@neotelecoms.com
Example 1 :FooBar Networks● International Transit Provider● LIR● Allocation : 2001:0db8::/32● Provides various services
● Static IP Transit connectivity● BGP Transit connectivity● All services are provided on multiple countries
Pierre-Yves Maunier – 11/03/2010 – FRnOG 17 Meeting
pymaunier@neotelecoms.com
2001:0db8:0000::/40 Foobar Infra + Future Use
2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Future use…..........................................
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future use
1 * /32 = 256 * /40
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCA\TION OF FOOBAR Networks International Backbone providing IP connectivity
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0000::/44 FOOBAR INFRA 16 * /48
2001:0db8:0010::/44 Future use…
2001:0db8:00f0::/44 Future use2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Future Use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future Use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks International Backbone providing IP connectivity
Foobar Infra + Future Use
…..........................................
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0000::/44 FOOBAR INFRA
2001:0db8:0000::/48 Backbone addresses2001:0db8:0010::/44 Future use
…2001:0db8:00f0::/44 Future use
2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Future Use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future Use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks International Backbone providing IP connectivity
Foobar Infra + Future Use
…..........................................
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0000::/44 FOOBAR INFRA
2001:0db8:0000::/48 Backbone addresses2001:0db8:0000:0000::/562001:0db8:0000:0100::/56
2001:0db8:0010::/44 Future use…
2001:0db8:00f0::/44 Future use2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Future Use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future Use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks International Backbone providing IP connectivity
Foobar Infra + Future Use
Routers loopbacks + intercosCustomers Interco
…..........................................
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0000::/44 FOOBAR INFRA
2001:0db8:0000::/48 Backbone addresses2001:0db8:0000:0000::/56
2001:0db8:0000:0000::/642001:0db8:0000:0001::/642001:0db8:0000:0002::/64
2001:0db8:0000:0005::/642001:0db8:0000:0006::/64
2001:0db8:0000:0100::/562001:0db8:0000:0100::/64 unused2001:0db8:0000:0101::/64 unused2001:0db8:0000:0102::/64 unused
etc
2001:0db8:0010::/44 Future use…
2001:0db8:00f0::/44 Future use2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Future Use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future Use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks International Backbone providing IP connectivity
Foobar Infra + Future Use
Routers loopbacks + intercosRouters loopbacksPNI intercosInternationals Links intercos
2001:0db8:0000:0003::/64 FR routers intercos2001:0db8:0000:0004::/64 UK routers intercos
DE routers intercosNL routers intercos
Customers Intercos
2001:0db8:0000:0103::/64 FR customers intercos2001:0db8:0000:0104::/64 UK customers intercos
…..........................................
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0000::/44 FOOBAR INFRA
2001:0db8:0000::/48 Backbone addresses2001:0db8:0000:0000::/56
2001:0db8:0000:0000::/642001:0db8:0000:0001::/642001:0db8:0000:0002::/64
2001:0db8:0000:0005::/642001:0db8:0000:0006::/64
2001:0db8:0000:0100::/562001:0db8:0000:0100::/64 unused2001:0db8:0000:0101::/64 unused2001:0db8:0000:0102::/64 unused
etc
2001:0db8:0010::/44 Future use…
2001:0db8:00f0::/44 Future use2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Future Use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future Use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks International Backbone providing IP connectivity
Foobar Infra + Future Use
Routers loopbacks + intercosRouters loopbacksPNI intercosInternationals Links intercos
2001:0db8:0000:0003::/64 FR routers intercos2001:0db8:0000:0004::/64 UK routers intercos
DE routers intercosNL routers intercos
Customers Intercos
2001:0db8:0000:0103::/64 FR customers intercos2001:0db8:0000:0104::/64 UK customers intercos
…..........................................
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0000::/44 FOOBAR INFRA
2001:0db8:0000::/48 backbone addresses2001:0db8:0001:0000::/56
2001:0db8:0001:0000::/642001:0db8:0001:0000::1/128 cr1.paris2001:0db8:0001:0000::2/128 cr2.paris2001:0db8:0001:0000::3/128 cr1.london
2001:0db8:0001:0000:192:168:0:1/128 cr1.paris2001:0db8:0001:0001::/642001:0db8:0001:0001::0000/126 PNI Wan One AS11112001:0db8:0001:0001::0004/126 PNI Too Two AS22222001:0db8:0001:0002::/64
2001:0db8:0001:0002::0000/126 cr1.paris – cr1.london2001:0db8:0001:0002::0004/126 cr2.london – cr1.amsterdam2001:0db8:0001:0002::0008/126 cr2.amsterdam – cr1.frankfurt
2001:0db8:0001:0003::/642001:0db8:0001:0003::0000/126 cr1.paris – cr2.paris2001:0db8:0001:0003::0004/126 cr1.paris – er1.paris
2001:0db8:0001:0004::/642001:0db8:0001:0004::0000/126 cr1.london – cr2.london2001:0db8:0001:0004::0004/126 cr1.london – er1.london
2001:0db8:0001:0005::/642001:0db8:0001:0005::0000/126 cr1.frankfurt – cr2.frankfurt2001:0db8:0001:0005::0004/126 cr1.frankfurt – er1.frankfurt
2001:0db8:0001:0006::/642001:0db8:0001:0006::0000/126 cr1.amsterdam – cr2.amsterdam2001:0db8:0001:0006::0004/126 cr1.amsterdam – er1.amsterdam
2001:0db8:0001:0100::/562001:0db8:0001:0103::/64
2001:0db8:0001:0103::0000/1262001:0db8:0001:0104::/64
2001:0db8:0001:0104::0000/1262001:0db8:0001:0104::0004/1262001:0db8:0001:0104::0008/1262001:0db8:0001:0104::000c/1262001:0db8:0001:0104::0010/1242001:0db8:0001:0104::0020/126
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks International Backbone providing IP connectivity
Foobar Infra + Future Use
routers loopbacks + intercosRouters loopbacks
or we perform a match with the IPv4 loopbacks(loopback IPv4 : 192.168.0.1)
Intercos : PNI
International Intercos
FR routers Interco
UK routers Interco
DE routers Interco
NL routers Interco
Customers IntercoFR customers IntercoFrench customer interco #1UK customers IntercoEnglish customer interco #1English customer interco #2English customer interco #3English customer interco #4English customer interco #5 (2 HA Firewalls on customer side)English customer interco #6
2001:0db8:0000::/40
2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Future use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future use
1 * /32 = 256 * /40
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks International Backbone providing IP connectivity
Foobar Infra + Future Use
…..........................................
2001:0db8:0000::/40
2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks2001:0db8:0100::/44 /56 Customers 4096 * /56 in a /44
2001:0db8:0110::/44 16 * /48 in a /44
2001:0db8:0120::/442001:0db8:0200::/40 Future use
…..........................................2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks International Backbone providing IP connectivity
Foobar Infra + Future Use
/48 Customers - 1st Block/48 Customers - 2nd Block
2001:0db8:0000::/40 Foobar Infra + Future Use
2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks2001:0db8:0100::/44 /56 Customers 4096 * /56 in a /44
2001:0db8:0100::/48 unused2001:0db8:0101::/48 unused2001:0db8:0102::/48 unused2001:0db8:0103::/48 FR Customers2001:0db8:0104::/48 UK Customers
2001:0db8:0110::/44 16 * /48 in a /44
2001:0db8:0110::/48 Customer #01 in whatever country
2001:0db8:0111::/48 Customer #02 in whatever country
2001:0db8:0112::/48 Customer #03 in whatever country…
2001:0db8:011f::/48 Customer #16 in whatever country
2001:0db8:0120::/442001:0db8:0200::/40 Future use
…..........................................2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks International Backbone providing IP connectivity
/48 Customers - 1st Block
/48 Customers - 2nd Block
2001:0db8:0000::/40 Foobar Infra + Future Use
2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks2001:0db8:0100::/44 /56 Customers 4096 * /56 in a /44
2001:0db8:0100::/48 unused2001:0db8:0101::/48 unused2001:0db8:0102::/48 unused2001:0db8:0103::/48 FR Customers
2001:0db8:0103:0000::/562001:0db8:0103:0100::/56
2001:0db8:0104::/48 UK Customers2001:0db8:0104:0000::/562001:0db8:0104:0100::/56
2001:0db8:0110::/44 16 * /48 in a /44
2001:0db8:0110::/48 Customer #01 in whatever country
2001:0db8:0111::/48 Customer #02 in whatever country
2001:0db8:0112::/48 Customer #03 in whatever country…
2001:0db8:011f::/48 Customer #16 in whatever country
2001:0db8:0120::/442001:0db8:0200::/40 Future use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks International Backbone providing IP connectivity
/56 cust #1 in France/56 cust #2 in France
/56 cust #1 in UK/56 cust #2 in UK/48 Customers - 1st Block
/48 Customers - 2nd Block
…..........................................
Example 2 :FooBar Networks● Hosting Company● LIR● Allocation : 2001:0db8::/32● Provides various services
● Static IP Transit connectivity● BGP Transit connectivity● Hosting on 2 datacenters
Pierre-Yves Maunier – 11/03/2010 – FRnOG 17 Meeting
pymaunier@neotelecoms.com
2001:0db8:0000::/40
2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Futures Use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Futures Use
1 * /32 = 256 * /40
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks :Hosti\ng + Tra\nsit services
Foobar Infra + Future Use
…..........................................
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0000::/442001:0db8:0010::/44 Future use
2001:0db8:00f0::/44 Future use2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Futures Use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Futures Use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks :Hosting + Transit services
Foobar Infra + Future UseFoobar Infra
…...................................
…..........................................
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0000::/44
2001:0db8:0000::/48 Backbone addresses2001:0db8:0001::/482001:0db8:0002::/48
2001:0db8:0010::/44 Future use
2001:0db8:00f0::/44 Future use2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Futures Use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Futures Use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks :Hosting + Transit services
Foobar Infra + Future UseFoobar Infra
Hosting TelecityHosting Telehouse 2
…...................................
…..........................................
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0000::/44
2001:0db8:0000::/48 Backbone addresses2001:0db8:0000:0000::/562001:0db8:0000:0100::/56
2001:0db8:0001::/482001:0db8:0002::/48
2001:0db8:0010::/44 Future use
2001:0db8:00f0::/44 Future use2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Futures Use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Futures Use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks :Hosting + Transit services
Foobar Infra + Future UseFoobar Infra
Routers loopbacks + intercosFoobar InfraHosting TelecityHosting Telehouse 2
…...................................
…..........................................
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0000::/44
2001:0db8:0000::/48 Backbone addresses2001:0db8:0000:0000::/56
2001:0db8:0000:0000::/642001:0db8:0000:0001::/642001:0db8:0000:0002::/642001:0db8:0000:0003::/642001:0db8:0000:0004::/64
2001:0db8:0000:0100::/562001:0db8:0000:0100::/64 Primary DNS2001:0db8:0000:0101::/64 Secondary DNS2001:0db8:0000:0102::/64 Monitoring
2001:0db8:0001::/48If we use DECIMAL translationIf we use DECIMAL translation118 HEX = 280 DEC
2001:0db8:0002::/48
2001:0db8:0010::/44 Future use
2001:0db8:00f0::/44 Future use2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Futures Use
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks :Hosting + Transit services
Foobar Infra + Future UseFoobar Infra
Routers loopbacks + intercosRouters loopbacksIntercos : PNIIntercos : RoutersIntercos : BGP CustomersIntercos : Statics Customers
Foobar Infra
Hosting Telecity2001:0db8:0001:0100::/64 Customers VLAN 1002001:0db8:0001:0115::/64 Customers VLAN 1152001:0db8:0001:0118::/64 Customers VLAN 280
Hosting Telehouse 22001:0db8:0002:0025::/64 Customers VLAN 25
2001:0db8:0002:0027::/64 Customers VLAN 27
…...................................
…..........................................
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks : Hosting + Transit services
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0000::/44
2001:0db8:0000::/48 Backbone addresses2001:0db8:0000:0000::/56
2001:0db8:0000:0000::/642001:0db8:0000:0000::1/1282001:0db8:0000:0000::2/1282001:0db8:0000:0000::3/1282001:0db8:0000:0000::4/128
2001:0db8:0000:0000:192:168:0:1/128
2001:0db8:0000:0001::/642001:0db8:0000:0001::0000/126 PNI Peer #1 AS11112001:0db8:0000:0001::0004/126 PNI Peer #2 AS2222
2001:0db8:0000:0002::/642001:0db8:0000:0002::0000/126 core1.telecity – core2.telecity2001:0db8:0000:0002::0004/126 core2.telecity – core1.th22001:0db8:0000:0002::0008/126 core2.telecity – core2.th22001:0db8:0000:0002::000c/126 core2.th2 – core1.th2
2001:0db8:0000:0003::/642001:0db8:0000:0003::0000/1262001:0db8:0000:0003::0004/126
2001:0db8:0000:0004::/64
2001:0db8:0000:0100::/562001:0db8:0000:0100::/64 Primary DNS2001:0db8:0000:0101::/64 Secondary DNS2001:0db8:0000:0102::/64 Monitoring
2001:0db8:0000:0102::00012001:0db8:0000:0102::0002 nachos2001:0db8:0000:0102::0003 cactus
2001:0db8:0001::/48If we use DECIMAL translationIf we use DECIMAL translation118 HEX = 280 DEC
2001:0db8:0002::/48
Foobar Infra + Future UseFoobar Infra
Routers loopbacks + intercosRouters loopbackscore1 Telecitycore2 Telecitycore1 Telehouse 2core2 Telehouse 2
or we perform a match with the IPv4 loopbackscore1 Telecity (loopback IPv4 : 192.168.0.1) ….
Intercos : PNI
Intercos : Routers
Intercos : BGP Customerscust #1 telecitycust #2 telehouse 2Intercos : Statics Customers
/126 equivalent to /30 IPv4 : 2 usable IPs/124 equivalent to /28 IPv4 : 14 usable IPs
We will prefer /124 over /125 (equivalent to /29 IPv4) : easier to subnetFoobar Infra
core1 Telecity Gateway
Hosting Telecity2001:0db8:0001:0100::/64 Customers VLAN 1002001:0db8:0001:0115::/64 Customers VLAN 1152001:0db8:0001:0118::/64 Customers VLAN 280
Hosting Telehouse 22001:0db8:0002:0025::/64 Customers VLAN 252001:0db8:0002:0027::/64 Customers VLAN 27
2001:0db8:0000::/40
2001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Futures Use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Futures Use
1 * /32 = 256 * /40
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks :Hosting + Transit services
Foobar Infra + Future Use
…..........................................
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0100::/44 /56 Customers 2048 * /56 in a /442001:0db8:0110::/44 16 * /48 in a /442001:0db8:0120::/44
…2001:0db8:01f0::/44
2001:0db8:0200::/40 Future Use
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future Use
-
-
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks :Hosting + Transit services
Foobar Infra + Future Use
/48 Customers - 1st Block/48 Customers - 2nd Block
/48 Customers - 15th Block
…..........................................
Best practices states that we allocate a /48 or a /56 to the customer. It depends on what we want to do and what the customer want. This is just an example of what we can do.
For example if a static customer has a router, we have a interco block (/126) and we routea /48 or /56 on his router. Then he will be able to subnet his block as he wants.
If the customer does not have any router, we can allocate him a /56 or /48 (depending on theirFuture needs) but we directly configure the first /64 on our router to provide him the connectivity.
2001:0db8:0000::/402001:0db8:0100::/40 Customer Blocks
2001:0db8:0100::/44 /56 Customers 2048 * /56 in a /442001:0db8:0100::/48
2001:0db8:0100:0000::/56 Customer #12001:0db8:0100:0100::/56 Customer #2
2001:0db8:0101::/482001:0db8:0101:0000::/56 Customer #32001:0db8:0101:0100::/56 Customer #4
2001:0db8:0110::/44 16 * /48 in a /442001:0db8:0110::/48 Customer #1002001:0db8:0111::/48 Customer #1012001:0db8:0112::/48 Customer #102…2001:0db8:011f::/48 Customer #115
2001:0db8:0120::/44…
2001:0db8:01f0::/44
2001:0db8:ff00::/40 Future Use
With this configuration, 1*/40 can host 2048 * /56 customers and 240 * /48 customers
We can also use this /40 to host 256 * /56 customers and 255 * /48 customers
2001:0db8::/32 : ALLOCATION OF FOOBAR Networks :Hosting + Transit services
Foobar Infra + Future Use
IPv6 Cust @ Telecity
IPv6 Cust @ Telehouse 2
/48 Customers - 1st Block
/48 Customers - 2nd Block
/48 Customers - 15th Block…..........................................
Ripe Document :
Pierre-Yves Maunier – 11/03/2010 – FRnOG 17 Meeting
pymaunier@neotelecoms.com
http://www.ripe.net/training/material/IPv6-for-LIRs-Training-Course/IPv6-for-LIRs-Training-Slides.pdf
Questions ?(vite avant la pause café)
Pierre-Yves Maunier – 11/03/2010 – FRnOG 17 Meeting
pymaunier@neotelecoms.com